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At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Hypertension among Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas.

THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN POPULATION in the United States has generally elevated frequencies of several chronic conditions, including non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), gallbladder disease, and obesity. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and hypertension is less clear. To document prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in this population, we measured blood pressure in 1004 randomly selected Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas, ages 15 to 74. We defined hypertension as systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mmHg or diastolic pressure greater than or equal to 90 mmHg or current (within the last 48 hours) use of antihypertensive medications. Prevalences by age and gender are elevated in this population group compared with those in the general population. In addition to age and gender, body mass and diabetes status were also predictors of hypertension. Comparison of the Starr County results with those reported from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) sampling of Mexican Americans indicates a slight increase in frequency of hypertension in Starr County, while comparison with results from San Antonio Mexican Americans indicates a marked increase in frequency in Starr County. These differences are not simple functions of measurement protocols, but are likely to be caused by differences in population structure, employment and socioeconomic status, education, and other such factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Revisiting Texas' pathology frontier.

Despite sleet, snow, and bitter temperatures, nearly three fourths of the Texas Society of Pathologists (TSP) guest list journeyed to Dallas the first weekend of February to attend the TSP Diamond Jubilee. It would take more than a little slush during the Ice Storm of '96 to keep the oldest contiguous state pathology organization in the nation from celebrating 75 years of scientific, technical, political, and social advances.

Anniversaries and Special Events↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Certification for child protective services staff members: the Texas initiative.

Cases coming to the attention of child protective service agencies are increasingly complex and difficult, while the number of trained staff members has decreased substantially over the last 10 years. Some states are attempting to improve the situation by implementing a certification process for staff members in child welfare service. This article describes the Texas initiative to do so, identifies problems in planning and implementation, and discusses implications for practice.

Certification↗
PubMed1996

Update: mercury poisoning associated with beauty cream--Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas, 1996.

During September 1995-May 1996, the Texas Department of Health (TDH), the New Mexico Department of Health (NMDH), and the San Diego County (California) Health Department investigated three cases of mercury poisoning associated with the use of a mercury-containing beauty cream produced in Mexico. The ongoing investigation has found this product in shops and flea markets in the United States located near the U.S.-Mexico border, and a U.S. distributor has been identified in Los Angeles. The cream, marketed as "Crema de Belleza--Manning" for skin cleansing and prevention of acne, listed "calomel" (mercurous chloride [Hg2Cl2]) as an ingredient and contained 6% to 10% mercury by weight. This report presents findings of a continuing investigation by these health departments, the Arizona Dept of Health Services (ADHS), California State Department of Health Services (CSDHS), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and CDC.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Texas pediatric dentists' attitudes toward practice issues and the role of the component society.

A questionnaire addressing practice issues in dentistry and members' expectations of component society activities was sent to members of the Texas Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (N = 269). Response rate was 73%. Respondents were not in full agreement with the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommendation that children first be seen at 12 months, though younger and childless dentists had significantly greater agreement than those who were older and had children. Strong disapproval of proposed independent practice for hygienists was expressed, and strong support was given for assistants to perform coronal polishing and apply sealants. Three-fourths of respondents treat Medicaid patients. In evaluating the role of the component society, respondents--especially women--unanimously affirmed the responsibility of keeping dentists abreast of current information, but also expressed strong support for maintaining relationships with outside groups and representing member views on issues of health care reform. Based on the diffusion theory of communication, a program of proactive public relations is recommended for the first-visit issue.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism in Texas.

The Texas newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism detects 90 to 150 cases each year; no affected babies have been missed. Babies dismissed from the hospital less than 24 hours after birth have a greater chance of an abnormal screening test, but most of the reported values reflect physiologic responses to birth and do not represent true hypothyroidism. A few represent thyroid disease. The astute physician recognizes a truly significant value; the unwary ignores a significant report and places the patient and himself at risk.

Congenital Hypothyroidism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of injectable contraceptive users in a low-income population in Texas.

Among 600 women at 17 family planning clinics in Texas who expressed interest in using the hormonal injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), 536 (89%) actually received the injectable. Thirty percent of the DMPA recipients were younger than 21 and 77% were not married. The average numbers of pregnancies and births were 1.9 and 1.2 per woman; one-third of the women had had at least one abortion. The majority of women receiving DMPA (66%) were using it to space births. Their main sources of information about the method were friends (42%) and health care providers (37%), and the most commonly reported reason for its use was dissatisfaction with previous contraceptive methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Medical malpractice arbitration: a primer for Texas physicians.

The medical malpractice crises and ensuing tort reform efforts, including methods of alternative dispute resolution (ADR), are generally reviewed. Arbitration in the context of medical malpractice is examined from the perspective of other states' experiences. Michigan has one of the nation's oldest medical malpractice arbitration programs, but it suffers from underutilization. California's experience derives from the use of arbitration in the managed care setting. While Texas has statutory provisions for medical malpractice arbitration, in light of public policy favoring ADR, the statute could be perceived as antipublic policy, resulting in underuse. The National Practitioner Data Bank also serves to discourage physician participation. Policy options are offered to address these concerns.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Agglutinins to Coxiella burnetii and Brucella spp, with particular reference to Brucella canis, in wild animals of southern Texas.

The prevalence of agglutinins to Coxiella burnetii and Brucella spp, particularly Brucella canis, was determined in 269 wild animals (14 species) in southern Texas. Serologic evidence of coxiellosis and brucellosis, including B canis infection, was shown for coyotes, raccoons, opossums, badgers, jackrabbits, and feral hogs. Using the microagglutination test, the seroprevalence of C burnetii, phases I and II (titer greater than or equal to 4) was 4.1 and 27.9%, respectively. For brucella agglutinins, prevalence rates were 7.1, 8.9, and 6.7%, as determined by the brucellosis card test, the rapid slide agglutination test, and the salt 2-mercaptoethanol tube agglutination (titer greater than or equal to 50) test, respectively.

Agglutinins↗
PubMed1997

Human lead absorption -- Texas.

In December 1971, the City-County Health Department in El Paso, Texas, discovered that an ore smelter in El Paso was discharging large quantities of lead and other metallic wastes into the air. Between 1969 and 1971, this smelter had released 1,116 tons of lead, 560 tons of zinc, 12 tons of cadmium, and 1.2 tons of arsenic into the atmosphere through its stacks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Nasal mites of the subfamily Speleognathinae (Ereynetidae) from birds in Texas.

Nasal mites of the subfamily Speleognathinae were recovered from several species of birds in Texas. New host records include Ophthalmophagus striatus (Crossley) 1952 from Columbigallina passerina, Boydaia clarki Fain 1963 from Callipepla squamata, Boydaia falconis Fain 1956 from Falco sparverius, and Boydaia tyrannus Ford 1959 from Myiarchus cinerascens. Also recovered was Astrida coccyzae Pence 1972 from Coccyzus americanus. Boydaia pheucticola sp. n. from Pheucticus melanocephalus is described. It differs from similar species in the adult female by having the coxal setae formula 2-1-2-0, sensillae clavate but not globose or subglobose, and interior seta on coxa I reduced in size but not vestigial. The larva is differentiated by the modified legs II with one long recurved hooklike claw and a shorter curved claw.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Tornado disaster -- Texas, May 1997.

On May 27, 1997, multiple tornadoes swept through Williamson and Travis counties in central Texas. The tornadoes caused 32 injuries, 29 deaths, and an estimated $20 million in personal and commercial insured losses. This report summarizes the injuries and deaths associated with these tornadoes based on information from emergency department and hospital records and death certificates.

Disasters↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of HIV case surveillance through the use of non-name unique identifiers--Maryland and Texas, 1994-1996.

Notifiable disease reporting laws or regulations in states and territories require reporting of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases, including patient and physician names, to state or local health authorities. As of January 1, 1998, a total of 31 states were conducting name-based human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) case surveillance by using the same methods as surveillance for AIDS. However, because of concerns about name-based HIV surveillance, Maryland and Texas implemented HIV surveillance using non-name unique identifiers (UI). This report summarizes a 3-year collaboration by CDC and these states to evaluate UI surveillance for HIV infection; the findings indicate some limitations to the use of a Social Security number-based UI for HIV surveillance.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1998

Fetal alcohol syndrome: a review for Texas physicians.

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is commonly believed to be the leading known cause of mental retardation in the United States, although surveillance at state and national levels is problematic. The most serious consequence of fetal alcohol exposure is central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. While the facial features of FAS become more subtle with age, growth deficits and, particularly, the CNS impairment appear to be permanent. Among factors that affect the risk and severity of fetal alcohol damage are the timing of the alcohol exposure, binge drinking that produces high blood alcohol concentrations, polydrug use, and genetic variations. From various studies, the incidence of FAS ranges from 0.2 to 3.0 affected birth per 1000 live births. The methods of measuring FAS occurrence are fraught with difficulties and inaccuracies, as are surveys of alcohol use by women during pregnancy. Still, indirect studies both in Texas and the United States suggest that the occurrence of FAS is increasing. A first, important step to reducing the incidence of FAS and related problems is to increase the awareness of physicians and other health care providers about the issues of FAS diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Referral and information resources about FAS are provided.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Texas Medication Algorithm Project: definitions, rationale, and methods to develop medication algorithms.

BACKGROUND: The Texas Medication Algorithm Project (TMAP), a public-academic collaborative effort, is a 3-phase project to develop, implement, and evaluate medication treatment algorithms for public sector patients with schizophrenia, major depressive disorders, or bipolar disorders. DISCUSSION: This paper, the first in a series describing the activities of the TMAP, focuses on the various definitions and reasons why guidelines have gained popularity. Also discussed are their strengths, the limitations of the various methods used to develop them, and potential barriers to their implementation.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

North Carolina macular dystrophy (MCDR1) in Texas.

PURPOSE: To map the gene responsible for causing a macular degeneration in a Texan family that appears clinically similar to the North Carolina macular dystrophy (MCDR1) phenotype. METHODS: A single family in Texas had all the typical clinical features of the North Carolina macular dystrophy phenotype. Of 23 family members examined, 10 were affected. Blood was collected from all 23 members and fundus photographs were obtained on those affected. A detailed family history consisting of nine generations was obtained. Genotyping and likelihood analysis was performed using the closest linked MCDR1 markers. RESULTS: The genealogic data showed no relation with the original North Carolina macular dystrophy pedigree. The dinucleotide repeat marker D6S283 yielded the highest 2-point LOD score with a Zmax = 4.1 at theta = 0. The peak LOD score generated from multipoint analysis was 6.0. CONCLUSIONS: The linkage results indicate that the macular degeneration in this Texan family is due to a mutation in the same genomic region as that causing North Carolina macular dystrophy. Furthermore, haplotype analysis suggests that the original North Carolina family and the Texan family have the same mutation and a common founder.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Tick-borne diseases in Texas: a 10-year retrospective examination of cases.

The occurrence of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, tularemia, tick-borne relapsing fever, and a southern erythema migrans-like illness (Lyme/Lyme-like disease) is determined by the geographic distribution and seasonal activity of the particular vector tick(s). The flulike signs and symptoms early in the course of spotted fever rickettsiosis, ehrlichiosis, tularemia, and relapsing fever are nonspecific and do not readily suggest a particular diagnosis. Laboratory diagnosis, particularly during the acute stage of illness, often is elusive. Empiric treatment with doxycycline can be lifesaving for Rocky Mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis. This article provides insight into the significance of each of these tick-transmitted diseases in Texas.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Long-term follow-up of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia treated at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy is known to cure a small minority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Less is known about the risk of such patients developing subsequent cancers or about their ability to return to work. METHODS: The authors analyzed outcomes among 1892 patients who received treatment for newly diagnosed AML at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from 1965 to May 1995. RESULTS: Because failure rates declined to relatively low levels after a first or later complete remission of > or = 3 years' duration, such patients comprised a "potentially cured" cohort. The criterion for entry into this cohort was fulfilled by 215 patients (10.7%; 203 in first complete remission and 12 in second remission). At a median of 6.2 years after entry into the cohort (i.e., 9.2 years from complete remission), 163 patients (76%) remain alive and in complete remission. Approximately 9% and 5% of the 1892 patients have been in complete remission for > 5 years and > 10 years, respectively. The pretreatment prognostic importance of cytogenetics is still apparent even after 5 years in complete remission. On average, members of the potentially cured cohort were not observed to be at increased risk of subsequent invasive malignancies compared with a normal population. Furthermore, two-thirds of those in the potentially cured cohort who were working full time before diagnosis of AML claimed to have returned to full-time work. Of those not working, only 10% cited physical limitation as the reason. CONCLUSIONS: The major threat to the life and well-being of the patient with AML is clearly the disease and not its treatment.

Acute Disease↗