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At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Histochemical and histological investigations on the human fallopian tube under different hormonal influences. I. Demonstration of ATPase with special reference to reactive ciliated cells (author's transl)].

The localization of the Mg++-activated adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in the human Fallopian tube has been studied by means of histochemical methods. The samples were obtained from 18 women in the age from 23--62 years. Some of them were treated by various steroid hormones. Endosalpinx ciliary ATPase-activity represents dynein and is therefore an indicator of ciliary motility. Estrogens and gestagens have a different influence on the ATPase-activity. All cilia of one ciliated cell react in the same manner and may be regarded as a reaction unit. The relation of negative to positive ciliary borders differs characteristically in the tubal isthmus, ampulls and infundibulum and coincides with commonly known phenomena of egg transport through the oviduct. Postovulatory, reaction units increase in ampulla and infundibulum compared with the proliferative phase. The oviducts of postmenopausal women possess but a scanty outfit of reaction units. Short-time treatment with estrogen in the early secretory phase results in a great number of reaction units in all tubal segments; a similar treatment in the proliferative phase diminishes the reaction units in the ampulla. Midcycle progesterone treatment activates the ciliary ATPase in the isthmus. Low doses of lynestrenol (minipill) in the proliferative phase leads to a decrease of reaction units in all tubal segments; the pattern of ciliary reaction under low doses of lynestrenol at the time of ovulation coincides with that of the proliferative phase. Treatment with a contraceptive steroid (0,05 mg ethinylestradiol and 0,25 d-norgestrel) causes a considerable activation of the ciliary ATPase in all portions of the oviduct.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1989

Study design for the Triphasic Randomized Clinical Trial.

The Triphasic Randomized Clinical Trial was a multicenter, open-label, controlled, 6-month study to determine the influence of three currently marketed triphasic oral contraceptives on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, cyclic bleeding profiles, and other adverse drug experiences. The study protocol mandated four clinic visits: an initial visit during which study eligibility was determined, a second visit during which baselines were obtained for lipid and carbohydrate parameters, and visits at 3 and 6 months while taking the study drug. The study enrolled healthy women between the ages of 18 and 35 years who were within 20% of their ideal body weight and who had a history of normal and regular menstrual cycles. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: 51 patients to Tri-Levlen, 50 patients to Ortho-Novum 7/7/7, and 56 patients to Tri-Norinyl. The control group consisted of 49 patients using nonhormonal forms of birth control. Eighty-eight percent (181/206) of the patients completed all four visits and were considered evaluable for subsequent analyses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effect of estrogen/progestin potency on lipid/lipoprotein cholesterol.

We studied 374 women taking oral contraceptives, 284 women taking estrogen preparations after menopause, and 1086 women taking no hormones, to determine the relation of plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations to various types of estrogen/progestin formulations. Premenopausal women, using oral contraceptives containing a relatively low dose of estrogen combined with a medium or high dose of progestin (Norlestrin, Ovral, or Demulen) had a 24 per cent higher median concentration of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol than did those not using hormones (P less than 0.05). Women using oral contraceptives that are high in estrogen and low in progestin (Enovid or Oracon) had significantly higher concentrations of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol than did nonusers; those using Ovral, a low-estrogen and high-progestin formulation, had significantly lower levels of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol. In postmenopausal women the use of estrogen was associated with concentrations of low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol that were 11 to 19 per cent below the levels in postmenopausal women who did not use hormones. The effects of estrogen-progestin balance on low-density and high-density lipoproteins may underlie the increased incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction in women of childbearing age who take oral contraceptives.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of norethisterone enanthate on endometrial bleeding and changes in coagulation function, ovarian hormones and endometrial histology in Thai women.

Endometrial bleeding and alteration in blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, ovarian function and endometrial morphology were studied in twelve normally menstruating women who received the injectable contraceptive norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) 200mg at 60-day intervals. Levels of clotting factor VII declined significantly during episodes of irregular bleeding compared to those during both normal pretreatment menstruation and the bleeding-free period during treatment. Antithrombin III and fibrinolytic activity, expressed by euglobulin lysis time, showed no marked change. The average level of progesterone during the bleeding-free period was slightly but significantly lower than that during the bleeding period. There were no significant alterations in the mean levels of estradiol and the ratio of estradiol to progesterone. The endometrial biopsies showed considerable individual variation and seem to be independent of the effects of NET-EN on ovarian function.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The protective role of progesterone in the prevention of endometrial cancer.

An association between endometrial hyperplasia and corpus cancer has long been suspected. Genetically predisposed women are at greater risk of developing endometrial cancer if subjected to long uninterrupted period of estrogen stimulation. Endometrial cancer need not be inevitable if 14 day courses of an oral progestogen are continued for as long as is necessary; in some women, however, the lesions will progress and, therefore, should be carefully followed with repeated endometrial biopsies. Epidemiological evidence suggests a true link between unopposed estrogens and early, less invasive endometrial cancer, and progestogens appear capable of protecting against the development of cancer and hyperplasia, although complete protection has not yet been achieved. The protective action of progestogens is supported by the fact the none developed endometrial cancer in a series of 490 women of reproductive age who received continuous estrogens by way of pellet implants of 17 beta estradiol for conception control for 1--10 years. Evidence for the protective action of progestogens in estrogen-treated menopausal women was less solid than in non-menopausal women but was nonetheless considerable. Our study of 1058 women, 45 years of age and older, receiving continuous estrogens by way of 17 beta estradiol pellets over a period varying from 1 to 21 years, revealed that the incidence of cancer was not greater and was possibly less than that expected in an untreated population of menopausal women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Mifepristone (RU486) alone or in combination with a prostaglandin analogue for termination of early pregnancy: a review.

The availability of a medical mode of termination of early pregnancy by the administration of RU486, an antiprogesterone alone, or in combination with one of the PG analogues significantly reduces the maternal morbidity and mortality associated with the classical surgical abortion. RU486 given alone in early pregnancy induces complete abortion in 60% to 85% of cases, and when combined with prostaglandin analogues, gemeprost or sulprostone, reaches a success rate of 95% to 99%. RU486 may also be of potential value in the medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Its use as a postcoital contraception is suggested, but further research is required to determine whether RU486 can be used on a once-a-month basis for contraception.

Abortion, Induced↗