Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Microcomputers”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Microcomputer software applied to corneal stromal biometry.

Here we report a new method for image analysis of the corneal stroma. To obtain the biometric characteristics of a given area, we perform three different treatments of the same image. These automated predictions closely match each parameter (length, surface area, etc.), as measured manually by a "blind investigator." Furthermore, to obtain quantifiable, average values, we have increased the number of successive image measurements, which has led to the development of a series of programs designed to optimize automated data handling. Finally, the acquired, calculated parameters are summarized in the form of intermediate tables for each series of images, and as a final summary table incorporating t-test values and permitting comparison between two stromas (e.g., normal and pathological). Multivariate analysis and an ascending hierarchical classification demonstrate the main trends in differences of pathological vs. normal stroma.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcomputer image processing for burn patients.

A computer-based system was developed to handle information and images in a clinical setting. The system is based on an 80286 AT computer, the topology of which includes a 16-bit color image capture/display graphics adapter and a 256 gray scale 8-bit digital image analysis processor. Using its color capabilities, we have created a picture database of patients' injuries, radiographs, and other relevant clinical data. The computer-based imaging system allows instant access to this information and minimizes subjective evaluation, making comparison of and follow-up of treatments more objective. The image analysis components permit digital characterization of the burn wound, enhancing our ability to quantitatively evaluate wound size, contracture, graft take, and re-epithelialization. This is a cost-effective method of handling information and images in the clinical setting as well as an effective research and teaching tool that facilitates management and follow-up care of the patient with burns.

Burns↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcomputer-based coronary care unit central station.

A four-bed central station that can be connected to any commercial intensive-care bedside monitor was developed. The system is based on a personal computer (IBM-AT compatible) as a local unit and on a microcontroller Intel 8031 as a remote unit. Four ECG signals are low-pass filtered, multiplexed, sampled at 256-Hz per channel, 8-bit A/D converted, preprocessed, and converted to a serial format RS-232 by the remote unit. The real-time display of the signals is at the standard speed of 25 and 50 mm/sec. Heartrate, alarms, trend plots, and general patient data are shown on an Olivetti M280 and EGA 13'' color monitor as the local unit. The communication speed was set at 57.6 Kbaud full duplex. Additionally, to reach standard monitoring sweep rates using a 13'' screen with 640 x 350 pixels, an ECG data-compression algorithm was implemented in the remote unit. This unit can support up to eight input channels and can work with any personal computer, via RS-232, with the appropriate software. It also allows other signal preprocessing software that could be developed, such as QRS detection or ST segment quantification, to be loaded into its random access memory and to be run under PC command. The development of this system demonstrated the use of a widespread piece of commercial equipment, the PC, in a very specific application, CCU monitoring, assuring low-cost system implementation. This feature is particularly attractive in upgrading existing CCU units in less developed countries.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1990

Real-time microcomputer-based analysis of spontaneous and augmented labor.

In an attempt to develop a reproducible, objective measure of adequate uterine activity in labor, real-time measurements of intrauterine pressure amplitude and contraction frequency, interval, duration, and integral were made in 54 patients, 11 of whom received oxytocin augmentation. We determined the active pressure integral required per centimeter of cervical dilatation, expressed in kPa seconds, and the mean active pressure, expressed in kPa. The augmented group had a significantly higher mean active pressure integral per centimeter than those in normal labor (P less than .01). There was a trend, which did not reach statistical significance, for subjects who required oxytocin augmentation of labor to develop a higher mean active pressure than those in normal labor. However, the correlation of any uterine contractility index (Montevideo units, Alexandria units, mean active pressure) with progress in labor was poor. We conclude that women with dysfunctional labor require more uterine activity for progress in labor than women with normally progressing labor, and that the computer-derived "area under the curve" is not a better predictor of labor progress than Montevideo units.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Multiple-dose nonlinear regression analysis program for the microcomputer.

An adaptation of a previously published program for nonlinear regression analysis of serum drug concentrations which can utilize data obtained during multiple-dose administration is described. Specific programs have been developed for aminoglycosides, digoxin, and theophylline. The programs provide initial parameter estimates (for a one-compartment linear model) for each drug based on mean population parameters and refined estimates based on observed concentration data. Clinical examples which demonstrate the flexibility of these programs are provided. The programs may also be employed for fitting data for any drug that can be adequately described by a one-compartment linear model.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

An evaluation of Bayesian microcomputer predictions of theophylline concentrations in newborn infants.

Determination of appropriate theophylline maintenance doses in preterm infants is confounded by interpatient variability. This study evaluated the performance of an IBM PC computer program applying Bayesian regression before and during steady state in 37 preterm infants. Prior population estimates of clearance and distribution volume in preterm infants and Bayesian estimates of clearance and distribution volume based on one to three theophylline plasma concentrations were used to predict subsequent concentrations (drawn 1-17 days later). We assessed the accuracy and precision of the predictive performance of the Bayesian program with the mean prediction error and the mean absolute prediction error. The absolute prediction error (mean absolute error +/- SEM) significantly decreased with increasing feedback concentrations from 3.54 +/- 0.45 micrograms/ml (population estimates) to 2.74 +/- 0.42 (one feedback) and 2.02 +/- 0.35 micrograms/ml (two feedback concentrations). Mean prediction errors (+/- SEM) based on one to three feedbacks (-1.5 +/- 0.40 micrograms/ml) were significant improvements over population predictions (-2.63 +/- 0.72 micrograms/ml, p less than 0.05), although a small but significant average overprediction remained. Absolute prediction error was correlated with postconceptional and postnatal age when zero or one but not two feedback concentrations were available. Computer program predictions based on one measured feedback concentration were more accurate and precise than population-based predictions. Refinement of population parameters or two feedback concentrations further improved performance.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed1989

Algorithms, hardware, and software for a digital signal processor microcomputer-based speech processor in a multielectrode cochlear implant system.

Software and hardware have been developed to create a powerful, inexpensive, compact digital signal processing system which in real-time extracts a low-bit rate linear predictive coding (LPC) speech system model. The model parameters derived include accurate spectral envelope, formant, pitch, and amplitude information. The system is based on the Texas Instruments TMS320 family, and the most compact realization requires only three chips (TMS320E17, A/D-D/A, op-amp), consuming a total of less than 0.5 W. The processor is part of programmable cochlear implant system under development by a multiuniversity Canadian team, but also has other applications in aids to the hearing handicapped.

Algorithms↗