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PubMed2003

MMPI-2 F scale elevations in adult victims of child sexual abuse.

The present study assessed whether the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) F scale elevations may reflect genuine trauma-related distress and/or psychopathology, rather than malingering, in a clinical sample of adult child sexual abuse (CSA) victims. Eighty-eight women seeking outpatient treatment for CSA after-effects participated. Self-report measures of dissociation, posttraumatic stress, depression, and family environment individually correlated significantly with F, and collectively accounted for 40% of its variance. Dissociation was the strongest predictor. Findings suggest that high F elevations may reflect genuine problem areas often found among CSA victims, rather than symptom overreporting.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Cross-validation of the Kudrow-Sutkus MMPI classification system for diagnosing headache type.

In order to determine the generality of the Kudrow-Sutkus (1979) MMPI classification system for diagnosing headache type, a cross-validation analysis was performed on 99 headache subjects. Results indicated a high level of support for Kudrow-Sutkus' Group A (migraine and cluster) classification criteria (65.4% and 75.0% correct assignments for female and male subjects, respectively) but a low level of support for Kudrow-Sutkus' Group B (combined and chronic scalp muscle tension) classification criteria (5.9% and 25.2% correct assignments for female and male subjects, respectively). Possible reasons accounting for these differences are discussed.

Cluster Headache↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The MMPI-2 profile of adults with learning disabilities in university and rehabilitation settings.

The primary purpose of this study was to compare the personality profiles of adults with learning disabilities attending a large state university (8 females, 8 males) to those participating in training programs in a rehabilitation setting (8 females, 18 males), in an attempt to identify affective variables that should be considered in transitional and postsecondary program planning. A secondary purpose of the study was to compare the performance of two groups of adults with learning disabilities (i.e., university and rehabilitation) to a normative group of college students. The mean age for all subjects was between 20 and 23 years. Findings from the study indicated that the personality profiles of individuals with learning disabilities in either a rehabilitation setting or seeking a university degree are significantly different from those of the normative population of normally achieving college students. The rehabilitation group in this study demonstrated feelings of social isolation, poor self-concept, self-doubt, and extreme restlessness. Somewhat different profiles were seen with the university group as they indicated feelings of fear, obsessive thoughts, lack of self-confidence, self-doubt, and extreme self-criticism. Both groups demonstrated profiles of individuals under extreme short- and long-term stress leading to anxiety. The study also reviewed the relevance and appropriateness of using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) that will have direct application for the assessment and intervention of adults with learning disabilities either in a rehabilitation setting or seeking a university degree.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The predictive efficacy of three MMPI short forms.

In order to investigate the predictive efficacy of three MMPI short forms, the standard form answer sheets of 50 inmate volunteers and 44 clinic outpatients were scored separately for Faschingbauer's, Hugo's and Mini-Mult scales. T-score correlations and t tests between the standard form and each short form, as well as comparisons using Lacks' criteria were reported. Results indicated that the Faschingbauer form was superior to the other two forms. Results were discussed in terms of the populations tested and in reference to the different methodologies used in developing each of the short forms.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1978

A note on "MMPI scale development methodology".

Clopton's recent article (1978) in JPA calls attention to methodological problems in the construction of special inventories from the MMPI pool, but overlooks the major problem. It stems from the theoretical correlation between psychopathology and the construct to be measured by the special inventory. This contamination renders the usual validity demonstration questionable. It is pointed out that there is a good number of special inventories that are not subject to the methodological problems noted by Clopton.

Comment↗
PubMed1980

Canonical versus factor analytic perspectives on the structure of associations between the MMPI and the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory.

A canonical correlational analysis of MMPI profiles versus Buss-Durkee hostility and aggression scales was conducted, resulting in the identification of a general hostility-aggression-maladjustment dimension and three relatively specific aggression-personality relationships. These findings were contrasted with those obtained from a factor analysis of the combination of both sets of scores. Though often used in previous studies of associations between the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory and other measures, factor analysis was seen to be less than optimally suited to such a purpose. It was concluded that canonical correlation is preferable to factor analysis when seeking to clarify the multivariate structure of relationships between two sets of variables.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Some reflections on "MMPI short forms: a literature review".

Stevens and Reilley (1980) have suggested that recent changes in the methodological approaches for developing short forms of the MMPI make them an expanding and fruitful area of research. Since Stevens and Reilley did not address several important issues in the development and use of Short forms, these issues are reviewed and suggestions are presented for future research with short forms.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1982

Sex-role orientation and psychological adjustment: comparison of MMPI profiles among college women and housewives.

Androgynous, masculine, feminine, and undifferentiated women, as determined by the Bern Sex Role Inventory, were compared on the three validity and ten clinical scales of the MMPI. Two samples of women were included: Female college students and a group of upper middle-class suburban housewives. No significant differences emerged in the housewife sample. Among college women, androgynous and masculine women did not differ in adjustment, and both groups were better adjusted (i.e., less depressed, anxious, tense, and less socially introverted) than the undifferentiated women. A cross-validation study with a comparable student sample essentially replicated the results of the first study. Rather than supporting Bem's (1974) hypothesis of better psychological adjustment in androgynous persons, results were interpreted as providing support for the notion that masculinity is associated with equally good adjustment as androgyny in college women.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Efficiency of local versus standard MMPI norms: a comment.

This note shows that evidence considered by Wooten (1984) to support claims of diagnostic superiority of standard over local MMPI norms, may mainly reflect the fact that a large proportion of the group tested by Wooten's consisted of persons with emotional, behavioral problems. Reevaluation of Wooten's data suggests a range of conditions under which Wooten's diagnostic criterion used with local norms is superior to the same criterion used with standard norms, and another range of conditions under which this criterion used with either local or standard norms is inferior to base rates.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

A redundancy analysis for the Inwald Personality Inventory and the MMPI.

A redundancy analysis between two psychological preemployment screening inventories was conducted with 2,438 male correction officer candidates. One canonical variate accounted for the majority of overlapping variance. When cross-validated, redundancy indices were. 17 for the Inwald Personality Inventory (IPI) and. 15 for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Three areas of overlap-control over actions, external control, and restlessness-were suggested. Less pathological behavioral patterns predictive of future job performance appeared measured only by the IPI. These results, combined with results from predictive validity studies, provide evidence that pathology is not sufficient for identifying "high risk" candidates.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Concurrent validity of the MMPI-2 feminine gender role (GF) and masculine gender role (GM) scales.

Since the development of the revised Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellege, & Kaemmer, 1989), no independent studies have been conducted to validate the new GF and GM scales, the only published study being based on the original standardization sample. To determine the concurrent validity of these scales, our study correlated GF and GM with scores obtained from the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, the Sex Role Behavior Scale, and the Sex Role Identity Scale. Because the sex-role literature has suggested numerous personality correlates of masculinity and femininity, the 16-PF was included to assess this dimension of the new scales, as well as measures of social desirability. Results revealed the GF and GM scales to have low internal consistency and low concurrent validity with established sex-role measures. Relative to construct validity, their patterns of correlation with personality measures suggest that GF and GM are more related to personality traits of interpersonal potency and sensitivity, respectively, than to masculinity and femininity. Overall, although the data yielded by these new scales provide additional information over Scale 5, they do not appear to hold as much promise as hoped for.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Validity of the MMPI-2 and Beck Depression Inventory for making decisions of organ allocation in renal transplantation.

Psychosocial factors are presented which affect clinical decision-making regarding the allocation of renal organs. Patients were rated as being either High Risk or Low Risk transplant candidates. High Risk candidates were scored as being significantly different from the Low Risk candidates on many psychosocial variables. Interestingly, significant differences were not found between these two groups on either the MMPI-2 or the Beck Depression Inventory. The validity of using information from these inventories to allocate organs is discussed.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1999

A comparison between MMPI and CPI adult profiles of children of alcoholics and nonalcoholics.

Findings of a comparison of CPI and MMPI subscale score means between 31 children of alcoholics/problem drinkers (COAs) and 120 non-COAs in a longitudinal panel only minimally support the oft-quoted clinical literature's assertions concerning differences in adult outcome between COAs and non-COAs. However, findings appear to be congruent with the findings of other panel studies in the United States and Sweden. Implications for further research are noted.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2003

[Gene insertion and deletion polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene and personality traits measured by MMPI].

Polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene are known to be associated with some personality traits measured by means of various psychological inventories. In the present work we attempted to find an association between genetic variants of serotonin transporter (loci VNTR-17 and 5-HTTLPR) and psychological traits scored by the MMPI inventory in 125 mentally healthy donors. No statistically significant differences in personality traits were found between carriers of different VNTR-17 genotypes. At locus 5-HTTLPR, significant between-genotype differences were revealed on the Schizophrenia scale (F = 3.49; P = 0.034) and on the validity scale F (F = 3.24; P = 0.042). The ss genotype carriers had the lowest scores on these scales. The score on the Psychopathic Deviate scale was significantly lower in the carriers of the ss genotype than in the combined group of the carriers of genotypes ll and ls (t = 2.07; P = 0.041). The differences on the validity scale K between the carriers of the ll and ss genotypes were also statistically significant (t = 2.49; P = 0.015). These results suggest that polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene may be associated with the expression of schizoid traits (namely, social introversion, internal tension, weird thoughts and actions) in mentally healthy individuals. In the context of social adaptation, the personality profile configuration and data of statistical analysis indicate that the carriers of the ss genotype are more inclined to observe social norms than the carriers of the ll and ls genotypes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

MMPI-2 profiles of patients with intractable epilepsy.

MMPI-2 profiles of 93 presurgical intractable epilepsy patients were examined using Ward's method of cluster analysis. Three clusters were identified. The means of each cluster suggest that 45% of the sample had minimal psychological complaints, 30% presented with generalized clinical elevations, and 25% of the patients had profiles of intermediate elevations with a tendency to emphasize somatic complaints and/or depression. Gender, age of seizure onset, and seizure laterality were not found to be uniquely associated with the cluster profiles. Further examination of correlates of group membership is warranted to provide information for treatment planning.

Journal Article↗