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At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Identification of novel benzoylformate decarboxylases by growth selection.

A growth selection system was established using Pseudomonas putida, which can grow on benzaldehyde as the sole carbon source. These bacteria presumably metabolize benzaldehyde via the beta-ketoadipate pathway and were unable to grow in benzoylformate-containing selective medium, but the growth deficiency could be restored by expression in trans of genes encoding benzoylformate decarboxylases. The selection system was used to identify three novel benzoylformate decarboxylases, two of them originating from a chromosomal library of P. putida ATCC 12633 and the third from an environmental-DNA library. The novel P. putida enzymes BfdB and BfdC exhibited 83% homology to the benzoylformate decarboxylase from P. aeruginosa and 63% to the enzyme MdlC from P. putida ATCC 12633, whereas the metagenomic BfdM exhibited 72% homology to a putative benzoylformate decarboxylase from Polaromonas naphthalenivorans. BfdC was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the enzymatic activity was determined to be 22 U/ml using benzoylformate as the substrate. Our results clearly demonstrate that P. putida KT2440 is an appropriate selection host strain suitable to identify novel benzoylformate decarboxylase-encoding genes. In principle, this system is also applicable to identify a broad range of different industrially important enzymes, such as benzaldehyde lyases, benzoylformate decarboxylases, and hydroxynitrile lyases, which all catalyze the formation of benzaldehyde.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Raised serum bile acid concentrations after occupational exposure to styrene: a possible sign of hepatotoxicity?

Fasting serum concentrations of conjugated bile acids were investigated in 23 men who had been exposed to styrene and compared with the concentrations in 60 non-exposed individuals. Eleven of the exposed subjects had raised concentrations of either cholic acid or chenodeoxycholic acid or both. There were no indications of alcohol abuse, drug intake, or undiagnosed liver disease. It is possible, therefore, that the raised bile acid concentrations were due to exposure to styrene. This would support the concept that occupational exposure to styrene may affect the liver and point to the possibility that raised serum bile acid concentrations might be a sensitive and early indicator of hepatic injury in individuals exposed to organic solvents.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid catalyzed by tyrosinase.

Tyrosinase usually catalyzes the conversion of monophenols to o-diphenols and the oxidation of o-diphenols to the corresponding quinones. However, when 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid was provided as the substrate, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde was produced. These results led to the proposal that tyrosinase catalyzes an unusual oxidative decarboxylation of this substrate (Sugumaran, M. (1986) Biochemistry 25, 4489-4492). However, 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde is also obtained through the oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid by sodium periodate and on a mercury electrode. These results led to the proposal that tyrosinase catalyzes the oxidation of the substrate into o-quinone, which reacts immediately with a molecule of substrate, oxidizing it and through decarboxylation generates an intermediate (quinone methide) which transforms into 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde; simultaneously, the original o-quinone is reduced to 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1997

Bioanalysis of p-trifluoromethylmandelic acid and Mosher's acid by chiral gas chromatography and fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance to study chiral inversion: application to rat urine samples.

Methods for the nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatographic analysis of the enantiomers of p-trifluoromethylmandelic acid (p-TFM) and Mosher's acid (alpha-methoxy-alpha-(trifluoromethyl)phenylacetic acid) present in rat urine samples are described. Gas chromartography was performed using cyclodextrin capillary columns with both compounds analysed following derivatisation with methanolic HCl. Nuclear magnetic resonance was performed directly on the untreated urine samples following addition of beta-cyclodextrin. The methods were suitable for the determination of the individual enantiomers of the analytes in urine. Analysis of the rat urine samples indicated that the p-TFM had undergone a unidirectional enantiomeric interconversion in vivo, while the enantiomers of Mosher's acid were excreted unchanged.

Animals↗