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PubMed1989

The South Dakota Med-Fax network.

Health sciences librarians established a statewide medical information network in South Dakota to provide rural physicians with database access and rapid document delivery. A private grant funded equipment for interactive simultaneous remote searching (ISRS) and telefacsimile transmission, as well as for a coordinator for training and follow-up support. In less than one year, telefacsimile technology has become an integral part of library information transfer among sixteen network sites, and ISRS is gaining acceptance among physicians who lack local access to online databases.

Copying Processes↗
PubMed1989

Our silent enemy: ashes in our libraries.

SCHOLARS, SCIENTISTS, PHYSICIANS, OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, AND LIBRARIANS FACE A CRUCIAL DECISION TODAY: shall we nourish the biomedical archives as a viable and indispensable source of information, or shall we bury their ashes and lose a century or more of consequential scientific history? Biomedical books and journals published since the 1850s on self-destructing acidic paper are silently and insidiously scorching on our shelves. The associated risks for scientists and physicians are serious-incomplete assessment of past knowledge; unnecessary repetition of studies that have already led to conclusive results; delay in scientific advances when important concepts, techniques, instruments, and procedures are overlooked; faulty comparative analyses; or improper assignment of priority. The archives also disclose the nature of biomedical research, which builds on past knowledge, advances incrementally, and is strewn with missteps, frustrations, detours, inconsistencies, enigmas, and contradictions. The public's familiarity with the scientific process will avoid unrealistic expectations and will encourage support for research in health. But a proper historical perspective requires access to the biomedical archives. Since journals will apparently continue to be published on paper, it is folly to persist in the use of acidic paper and thus magnify for future librarians and preservationists the already Sisyphean and costly task of deacidifying their collections. Our plea for conversion to acid-free paper is accompanied by an equally strong appeal for more rigorous criteria for journal publication. The glut of journal articles-many superficial, redundant, mediocre, or otherwise flawed and some even fraudulent-has overloaded our databases, complicated bibliographic research, and exacerbated the preservation problem. Before accepting articles, journal editors should ask: If it is not worth preserving, is it worth publishing?It is our responsibility to protect the integrity of our biomedical records against all threats. Authors should consider submitting manuscripts to journals that use acid-free paper, especially if they think, as most authors do, that they are writing for posterity. Librarians can refuse to purchase journals published on acidic paper, which they know will need restoration within a few decades and will thus help deplete their budgets. All of us can urge our government to devise a coordinated national conservation policy that will halt the destruction of a century of our historical record. The battle will not be easy, but the challenge beckons urgently. The choice is ours: we can answer the call, or we can deny scientists, physicians, and historians the records they need to expand human knowledge and improve health care.

Books↗
PubMed1989

Preservation of the biomedical literature: an overview.

The National Library of Medicine began to preserve its collection many years ago. This article presents a brief review of NLM's early conservation and microfilming programs, and describes the current activities of the library's new Preservation Section. Also mentioned are the complementary efforts of NLM staff who are involved in research into electronic imaging and the campaign to increase the use of alkaline paper in medical and scientific publishing. Goals of the National Preservation Plan for the Biomedical Literature are summarized and a report on progress in implementing the plan is provided. Results of the preservation needs assessment described in the accompanying article by Kirkpatrick are briefly analyzed. Recent efforts of the Commission on Preservation and Access, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Research Libraries Group, and several international associations are described in terms of their potential benefit to preservation of the biomedical literature. The need to monitor new preservation technologies and preserve materials in audiovisual and electronic formats is emphasized. It is argued that with enough coordination, cooperation, and willingness among health sciences libraries to share the costs, the goal of preserving all of the important biomedical literature can be accomplished.

Books↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The library in medical education.

The process of training medical students must involve the acquisition of knowledge directly from their teachers and from learning resources. The organization and accessibility of materials in a medical library make it an invaluable instructional tool within the Learning Resources System. Most medical schools have omitted the incorporation of library training from their curricula. To correct this anomaly, it is being suggested that a programme of library training be commenced by medical school libraries. Such a programme must comprise instructions in the use of the library, in bibliographic methods and "hands-on' exercises. A practical design is suggested and a method of evaluating the programme should be designed to provide information about its usefulness to the students before it is finally incorporated into the curriculum.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1988

Library use and information-seeking behavior of veterinary medical students.

Veterinary medical students at Iowa State University were assessed for general use of the veterinary library and for their information-seeking behavior. The library was most frequently used for studying and for making photocopies of materials. The typical respondent relied on course textbooks and handouts for current information on unfamiliar topics, instead of using indexes or abstracts for guidance to recent literature. Light use of library information resources raises the concern that students are developing an inadequate base of retrieval skills for finding information on new procedures, diseases and drugs. No differences were found between students with and without formal bibliographic instruction in their approaches to seeking information or in library use.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1977

Determination of continuing medical education needs of clinicians from a literature search study, Part I. The study.

Continuing medical education is an area of current concern to health sciences librarians. A comprehensive study of literature searches requested by physicians and by fourth-year medical students serving their five-week preceptorship with a rural physician was conducted: (1) to determine if there is any pattern to the requests received so that areas of study for continuing medical education can be ascertained; and (2) to determine whether there is any appreciable difference in nature and complexity between those searches requested by clinicians and those requested by medical student preceptees. Literature search requests were examined in terms of individual MeSH subjects, subcategories, and categories for each subject covered in every search. This analysis has demonstrated that assessing the clinical problems of practicing physicians may be one method of determining needed continuing medical education topics.

Bibliographies as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Library workshops for special audiences: secretaries, research assistants, and other support staff.

Reports on library workshops for nonlibrary support staff, conducted by health sciences and other libraries, are reviewed. In 1985-86, similar workshops for secretaries, research assistants, and other support staff were offered at the Ohio State University Health Sciences Library. Evaluations made by participants immediately after the workshops and six to twenty months later have provided valuable input on the usefulness of subjects discussed and on recommendations for changes.

Education↗
PubMed1987

Evolution of an end-user training program.

The University of Illinois at Chicago Library of the Health Sciences has taught end-user classes on the MEDLARS system since early 1985. Registration, class composition, and, most importantly, class organization evolved continuously during the first year of operation. Several feedback mechanisms were used. An examination of the past training and specialization of participants helped to determine teaching examples and pace; a more varied group of participants necessitated a broader range of examples and increased explanations. Participant evaluation forms and oral comments helped define scheduling, agenda, and the need for additional equipment and practice time. Further evaluation will center on the searching done by the program's alumni.

Computer User Training↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of a program to teach health professionals to search MEDLINE.

This study analyzes the search behavior of end users who had taken a class in searching MEDLINE on the National Library of Medicine's MEDLARS system. Of the class alumni, 58% obtained passwords. Most of these were still conducting their own searches twelve to eighteen months later. Telephone interviews and search observations indicated that these end users were satisfied with their results and felt they had mastered the basic mechanics of searching. However, appropriate use of explodes and subheadings, as well as locating appropriate search terms, still presented difficulties for them. Further training in these areas may be required.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1988

The information needs of health care professionals and consumers in developing countries.

The health information needs of health care professionals and consumers in less-developed countries, although somewhat similar to those of their U.S. counterparts, have a number of unique differences. Health care professionals in developing countries are more diverse in their backgrounds, training, experience, and work settings. These differences, combined with cultural variables, a lack of resources and trained information professionals, contribute to the complexity of health information delivery. Consumers in developing countries, due to a lower literacy rate and a higher rate of commercial health information, face different problems when attempting to make health-related decisions.

Delivery of Health Care↗