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At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The indications for equine laparotomy--an analysis of 140 cases.

The indications for laparotomy in 140 horses are analysed, with particular emphasis on the operative or autopsy findings in 82 cases of colic. In cases of exploratory laparotomy, the overall recovery rate was only 28 per cent but 48 of the 82 animals were considered to have inoperable lesions. The recovery rate and causes of death for each indication are briefly reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Why are small bowel tumours rare? An experimental model.

It is a well known clinical observation that small bowel tumours are rarer than tumours of the stomach or colon. The fluidity and relative sterility of small bowel contents, and rapid transit time and of the relative sterility of the small bowel itself have been suggested as possible factors contributing to this relatively low incidence. A further mechanism, that of a local immune response against malignant cells, has also been suggested and this investigation is the subject of this paper. A transplantable tumour (Gardner lymphosarcoma) was injected either into the stomach or small bowel of CBA mice, and the incidence of subsequent tumour growth was studied when the immune status of the host mouse was altered. Normal mice, mice ;deprived' by thymectomy and irradiation (T-cell-deficient mice), and ;reconstituted mice' (prepared as the ;deprived' animals but given a thymus graft) were used. The results showed that in normal and reconstituted mice more tumours arise in the stomach than in the small bowel but that in deprived mice the incidence of tumours was the same in both sites. This could be taken to suggest that local immune responses can suppress the development of tumours of the small bowel.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous squamous carcinoma leading to acute abdomen after renal transplantation.

Skin carcinoma is the commonest malignant complication of renal transplantation. We report the first case of a renal transplant recipient who presented with ileal obstruction as a consequence of squamous cell carcinoma metastases to the small intestine. This complication highlights the unusual presentation of malignancies associated with prolonged exposure to immunosuppression and the need for extra vigilance in such cases.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2003

Adenoma multiplicity in irradiated Apc(Min) mice is modified by chromosome 16 segments from BALB/c.

Ionizing radiation (IR) is a well-characterized carcinogen in humans and mice. The BALB/c mouse strain is unusually sensitive to IR-induced tissue damage and cancer development in a range of organs, suggestive of a partial defect in DNA damage response. This has been confirmed by finding BALB/c-specific functional polymorphism in Prkdc, a gene on mouse chromosome 16 that encodes the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase. Prkdc(BALB) has been associated with increased susceptibility to IR-induced mammary and lymphatic neoplasia. Here, we provide evidence that chromosome 16 segments from BALB/c interact with Apc(Min) (multiple intestinal neoplasia) and specifically enhance IR-induced adenoma development in the upper part of the small intestine.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

[Clinico-pathologic analysis of 60 patients with primary malignant lymphoma of the small intestine and mesentery].

Clinico-pathologic analysis of 60 patients with primary malignant lymphoma of the small intestine and mesentery is presented. It occurs mainly in the adult. Both of these two tumors were first presented by abdominal pain and mass. Secondary anemia was common. They were complicated by intestinal obstruction, perforation or intussusception. The prognosis was aggravated by a large tumor mass, advanced stage and pathology of diffuse large cell subtype. Combined surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were effective.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Primary malignant lymphoma of the gastro-intestinal tract: a clinicopathological study of 24 cases.

Twenty-four cases of primary lymphoma of the gastro-intestinal tract were diagnosed during the period 1970 to 1991. There was a preponderance of males and the male to female ratio being 1.4:1. Age ranged from 9-70 years, mean 32.2 years. Small intestine was involved in 50% cases, large bowel in 9 cases (37.5%) and stomach in 3 cases (12.5%). There were 5 cases (20.8%) of Hodgkin's disease and 19 cases (79.2%) were of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. All cases of gastric lymphoma complained of epigastric pain, weight loss and vomiting. In lymphoma of small intestine, 8 patients complained of pain associated with vomiting and 6 patients complained of distension of abdomen. In large bowel lymphoma, pain in right iliac fossa was complained by 4 patients and bleeding per rectum by 3 patients. Out of all the 24 cases, changes in bowel habit were noted in 15 patients and occult blood was positive in 13 cases. Palpable abdominal mass was noted in 14 patients. Histomorphologically, all the 3 cases in the stomach were of lymphocytic lymphoma diffuse type. Out of 19 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 15 were of lymphocytic lymphoma and 4 were of histiocytic lymphoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Smooth muscle tumors of gastrointestinal tract: a study on correlation between pathology and prognosis and histogenesis].

Seventy three cases of gastrointestinal smooth muscle tumors (GISMT) were collected and their correlation between pathology and prognosis and their histogenesis was studied, microscopically, the following parameters were evaluated: 1. cellularity; 2. grade of differentiation; 3. nuclear pleomorphism; 4. mitotic rate/10 HPF. All cases were followed up, but from only 47 information was elicited. To study the histogenesis, the technique of immunohistochemical staining to desmin, S-100 protein was used in all the cases and five were examined by EM. The results showed that the mitotic rate was the most important and reliable pathological parameter used to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors, and to evaluate the prognosis of a given tumor; in the cases which showed active mitosis, tumor size was important to evaluate the prognosis; the other histologic parameters of less, if any, significance in evaluation of prognosis. The authors supported the hypothesis that GISMT might mainly be derived from primary mesenchymal cells potentiated with smooth muscle cells differentiation. The hypothesis that GISMT are derived from nerve tissue waits for further evidence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Protein-losing enteropathy caused by intestinal metastases of melanosarcoma].

We report about the case of one patient with diffuse small bowel metastases of melanosarcoma, which were revealed by signs of malabsorption 2 years after the exeresis of the initial skin tumor. Metastases of melanosarcoma in the digestive tract, especially the small bowel, have polymorphic and hardly suggestive clinical signs. We lay stress on the high percentage of small bowel metastases of melanosarcoma pointed out by the anatomicopathological literature and on the lack of systematic clinical and radiological search for such metastases in the assessment and follow-up of the primary melanosarcoma.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Stimulation of chemically induced rectal carcinogenesis by chronic ethanol ingestion.

The effect of chronic ethanol administration on 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rectal carcinogenesis was investigated in 32 paired male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a nutritionally-adequate liquid diet containing 36% of the total calories as either ethanol or isocaloric carbohydrates. Chronic ethanol ingestion increased the total number of rectal tumors significantly (17 vs 6; P less than 0.02), whereas no cocarcinogenic effect of ethanol was observed in other parts of the intestine. Alcohol did not influence tumor size or histopathology. A 47% increase in the activity of mucosal alcohol dehydrogenase in the distal colorectal region was found between chronically-ethanol-fed rats and pair-fed controls (0.241 +/- 0.019 vs 0.164 +/- 0.020 mumol/mg of protein/hr; P less than 0.01). This could in part explain the cocarcinogenic effect of alcohol in this tissue. Faecal bile acids, however, do not play a role as promotors of rectal carcinogenesis under the present experimental conditions. The results give experimental support to the epidemiologic findings of an increased incidence of rectal cancer in the alcoholic.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Celiac disease: does hyposplenism predispose to the development of malignant disease?

Splenic size and function was assessed in eight patients with celiac disease and coexisting malignancy (six had small bowel lymphoma and two gastric adenocarcinoma). The size of the spleen was reduced in four of seven patients as seen at autopsy or radionucleotide scanning. Splenic function was studied using "pitted" erythrocyte counts, platelet counts, and Howell-Jolly bodies and was impaired in five of eight patients. Malignant disease developed in some celiacs with normal splenic size and function. Splenic function as measured by pitted erythrocyte counts was similar in the celiac patients with malignancy and appropriately matched nonmalignant celiacs. We conclude that hyposplenism in celiac disease does not influence the development of malignant disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗