Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “First Intercourse”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Contraceptive effects of extended lactational amenorrhoea: beyond the Bellagio Consensus.

We have recorded the duration of lactational anovulation and amenorrhoea in a well-nourished group of Australian women who breastfed their babies throughout the study. The data enabled us to compare the theoretical cumulative probability of conception among breastfeeding women who had unprotected intercourse irrespective of their menstrual status with that of those who had unprotected intercourse only during lactational amenorrhoea. Breastfeeding alone is not an effective form of contraception, since all the women in our study resumed normal ovulation while still breastfeeding. However, among women who have unprotected intercourse only during lactational amenorrhoea but adopt other contraceptive measures when they resume menstruation, only 1.7% would have become pregnant during the first 6 months of amenorrhoea, only 7% after 12 months, and only 13% after 24 months. Thus for our women it would be possible to extend the Bellagio Consensus Conference guidelines which stated that lactational amenorrhoea can only be relied on as a contraceptive for the first 6 months post-partum in women who are fully or almost fully breastfeeding. The lactational amenorrhoea method can be relied on for excellent contraceptive protection in the first 6 months of breastfeeding, irrespective of when supplements are introduced into the baby's diet; for women who continue to breastfeed the method can also give good protection for up to 12 months post partum. Once menstruation has returned, other forms of contraception are essential to prevent pregnancy.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed2002

Episiotomy closure comparing enbucrilate tissue adhesive with conventional sutures.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the use of enbucrilate tissue adhesive compared with subcuticular polyglycolic acid sutures in episiotomy wound closure. METHODS: In a prospective controlled trial, two groups were studied after undergoing an episiotomy skin wound repair using either enbucrilate tissue adhesive (n=32) or a subcuticular polyglycolic acid suture (n=30). The variables measured included pain scores during selected activities in the first 5 postnatal days, the time taken to become pain free after childbirth and the time taken to resume pain free sexual intercourse. Suitable patients were invited by the midwives to participate in the trial. If they gave consent to the trial, the gynecologist was contacted. If available, he would perform a repair using enbucrilate tissue adhesive. If he was not available, one of the midwives would perform a repair using subcuticular polyglycolic acid sutures. In this group, 90% of the women were recruited and sutured by one midwife. RESULTS: Patients treated with enbucrilate were found to have significantly less postnatal pain while walking, became pain free in a shorter period (mean=25 days vs. 18 days; P<0.01) and were able to resume pain-free intercourse sooner (mean=34 days vs. 52 days; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Tissue adhesives incorporate the qualities of an ideal skin-closure material. The results demonstrate their advantage over the current standard suture-based methods of repair in the perineum. The use of adhesives merits further evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful treatment of retrograde ejaculation with the alpha1-adrenergic agonist methoxamine: case study.

We treated two patients affected by retrograde ejaculation (RE) with the pure alpha1-adrenergic agonist methoxamine; the drug was self-administered intramuscularly by the patients 30 min prior to intercourse or masturbation. A previous trial with oral imipramine had been ineffective in both patients. Sperm count increased substantially, particularly in the first patient who had insulin-dependent diabetes and was seeking fertility. In this patient, total ejaculated sperm increased from 22 millions to 488 and 419.5 millions on two different occasions, with good motility; two clinical pregnancies were obtained in the partner of this patient after 3 and 4 months of treatment, respectively. The second patient did not desire fertility. In both patients, no side effects were seen except for slight piloerection; blood pressure values increased slightly, and heart rate was unchanged. We conclude that self-administered methoxamine can be a useful, noninvasive and inexpensive treatment of RE, when oral agents are ineffective.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is a history of depressive symptoms associated with an increased risk of infertility in women?

Researchers have reported an association between self-reported antidepressant use and increased risk of ovulatory infertility but could not control for confounding by the drug indication. We evaluated the role of depressive symptoms in the development of infertility. We recontacted a population-based sample of Pawtucket Heart Health Program (PHHP) health survey respondents to perform this case-control study. Self-reported infertility was defined as an inability to conceive after 12 months of unprotected intercourse. Controls were women who reported at least one pregnancy. The index age for infertile women was the age at which they first experienced fertility problems, and for the fertile women it was the age of their first pregnancy. History of depressive symptoms was based on self-report before the index age. Women with a history of depressive symptoms were nearly twice as likely to report infertility relative to women without a history of depressive symptoms before the index age after controlling for potential confounders (90% confidence interval: 0.9-3.2). Our data suggest that depressive symptoms as well as the drugs used to treat these conditions may play an important role in the pathogenesis of infertility. The association between depressive symptoms and infertility should be explored further.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Predicting pregnancy risk in women attending an STD clinic.

BACKGROUND: Although sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics focus mainly on STD treatment and prevention, women attending these clinics are also at high risk for pregnancy. GOAL: To evaluate the relationship between certain demographic and behavioral characteristics and the probability of pregnancy in women attending an urban STD clinic. STUDY DESIGN: Non-contraceptive-using women in an STD clinic-initiated randomized controlled contraception study (n = 877) were interviewed at baseline, and incident pregnancies within 1 year of enrollment were measured. Association between baseline demographic and behavioral characteristics with incident pregnancy was assessed by chi-square analysis, and logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with an incident pregnancy. RESULTS: Among the 673 women (76.7%) for whom follow-up pregnancy information was available, 220 (32.7%) incident pregnancies occurred within 1 year. By logistic regression controlling for study assignment, incident pregnancy was associated with age < or =19 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% CI: 1.5-5.2), previous abortion (OR, 3.1; 95% CI: 1.7-5.4), frequency of sexual encounters of at least once a week (OR, 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6), and having a chlamydial infection at the time of enrollment (OR, 1.8; 95% CI: 1.0-3.2). With a combination of demographic and behavioral characteristics correlated by univariate analysis with incident pregnancy (i.e., age < or =19 years, nonwhite race, high school/general equivalency diploma or less education, previous pregnancy, no use of birth control with last intercourse, sex at least once a week, previous abortion, > or =3 partners within the past month, and <17 years of age at first pregnancy), the cumulative risk of pregnancy with 6 or more of the 9 characteristics was 51%, compared with 25.6% for women with < or =5 characteristics. CONCLUSION: For this STD clinic population, a combination of demographic and behavioral characteristics was useful when combined for identifying a subgroup of women at higher risk for subsequent pregnancy. Targeted intervention by STD care providers should include the provision for both pregnancy and STD prevention counseling.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Vulvovaginal sequelae in toxic epidermal necrolysis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of vulvar lesions during the acute and healing periods in toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), to describe the clinical aspects and functional consequences, and to evaluate surgical treatment. STUDY DESIGN: During the acute period in 40 patients, cutaneous and mucous lesions were described on the day of hospitalization and daily thereafter. To evaluate the healing period, a questionnaire was sent to the same 40 patients to obtain information on symptomatology after the acute period, anatomic modifications, and the quality of sexual and other genital activity. RESULTS: During the acute period, genital lesions were present in 28 of the 40 patients studied (70%). In 24/28 (89%) the lesions were vulvar only, and in 3/28 (11%) they were vulvovaginal. In one case vaginal involvement could not be proven because the patient was a virgin. During the healing period, sequelae occurred in 5 of the 40 patients (12.5%): four cases were known since the patients had visited the Department of Gynecology because of secondary effects, and one case was detected by the questionnaire. The symptoms occurred during hospitalization in 1 case, at the end of the second month in 2, at the 12th month in 1 and unknown in 1. The site was the vulva in all five cases and was the vulva and vagina in three. Again, the virgin could not be examined. The average interval between secondary effects and the original gynecologic visit was 7 months (3-12). The sequelae were treated surgically in two of the five affected patients: on the vulva, nymphoplasty, posthectomy and median perineotomy; in the vagina, sharp and blunt dissection, with use of a soft mold. The first patient had a recurrence six months after surgery, and the second had no recurrence but has been unable to engage in intercourse. CONCLUSION: From our study of the involvement of the vulva and vagina during TEN and the sequelae, it is clear that detection from the questionnaire was insufficient. Some women can have synechiae without functional sequelae, and others can have minor involvement with important psychological repercussions. A prospective study with systematic examination of the vulvovaginal area and systematic follow-up for at least one year is needed. For therapy, a lubricant gel (perhaps topical steroids) could be useful. Placing a soft mold in the vagina as soon as possible, though difficult, and keeping it there until complete healing occurs can lead to infection. It is not clear that use of a mold would promote healing or be tolerated. Intercourse immediately after the acute period would be helpful but probably would not be welcome to the patients. However useful, a prospective survey would be difficult because it would entail many years of study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Recommendations for cervical screening 1997. Members of the Working Party on Cervical Screening.

The Ministry of Health and the Cancer Society of New Zealand invited a working group to review the 1991 recommendations on cervical screening. No major changes have been suggested but minor modifications have been made with regard to recent literature. All women who have ever had intercourse should be offered a three yearly cervical smear test from age 20 to age 69. If it is a woman's first smear or there is a gap of five or more years since her last one, the second smear should be taken in one year's time. Women who have had a hysterectomy for a benign condition, with complete removal of histologically normal cervical epithelium and a normal smear history, do not require further screening. Women who are immunocompromised may require more frequent screening. The cervical smear will be part of the investigation of women with signs and symptoms of cervical cancer. It is not sufficiently sensitive, however, for a negative result to override clinical concern. Such women should be referred for gynaecological assessment irrespective of the smear result.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Fetal crown-rump length values in the first trimester based upon ovulation timing using the luteinizing hormone surge.

Fetal crown rump length (CRL) was measured weekly in 33 singleton pregnancies that were established after in vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer or natural intercourse in monitored infertility treatment cycles. The time of the luteinizing hormone surge or hCG administration was known for all of them. There was no difference in CRL between the different infertility treatment groups. CRL measurements from this and a similar study where gestational age had been based on the time of ovulation were compared with the CRL measurements from pregnancies where the gestational age had been calculated from the last menstrual period. The CRL was found to be generally smaller in the studies based on ovulation timing and the difference was statistically significant at one time point. This suggests that there is a need for a gold standard in obstetric ultrasound, measurements being based on the gestational age as calculated from the unequivocal date of conception, rather than the last menstrual period.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1993

Multiple sexual partners and mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1, particularly sexual behavior before and during pregnancy. DESIGN AND METHODS: This study is part of a prospective cohort study in Butare, Rwanda, of 318 HIV-1-seropositive and 309 HIV-1-seronegative women enrolled during pregnancy and followed for a mean duration of 21 months (range, 8-34 months). Clinical follow-up of the mother-infant pairs was performed at 6-week intervals during the first year of life and at 4-month intervals thereafter. Detailed sexual history interviews were conducted during pregnancy and at the first postnatal visit. RESULTS: Of 184 singleton infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers who survived the neonatal period, 32 (17%) children were classified as HIV-1-infected, 130 (71%) as not infected, and 22 (12%) died with indeterminate HIV-1 infection status. The vertical transmission rate was estimated to be between 20 and 29%. Unprotected sexual intercourse with increased number of partners during the past 5 years was strongly associated with mother-to-child transmission (P < 0.001), even after adjustment for maternal CD4/CD8 ratio, parity, history of sexually transmitted diseases, and evidence of genital infection during pregnancy. In a multivariate analysis, excluding children with indeterminate HIV-1 status, odds ratios for vertical transmission were 2.6 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-6.9] for maternal CD4/CD8 ratio < 0.5 and 3.6 (95% CI, 1.1-11.8) for more than three sexual partners versus a single partner. Women with more than one sexual partner during the first trimester of pregnancy were at particularly high risk of transmitting the virus. CONCLUSION: Unprotected sexual intercourse with multiple partners before and during pregnancy in a population with high HIV-1 seroprevalence may well increase the likelihood of HIV-1 transmission from an infected mother to her child.

CD4-CD8 Ratio↗
PubMed2006

Predictors of early initiation of vaginal and oral sex among urban young adults in Baltimore, Maryland.

Over the past three decades, most research on adolescent sexual behavior has focused on vaginal intercourse and related behaviors, including contraception and unintended pregnancy. In this study, we describe the prevalence and correlates of vaginal, oral, and anal sex in an epidemiologically defined population in Baltimore, Maryland. Young adults (ages 18-24), who had been enrolled in a behavioral intervention trial during elementary school, were interviewed by telephone between 1998 and 2002 to assess their sexual behavior. Of 1679 respondents interviewed, 70.8% were Black and 55% were women. Overall, 93% of the young adults reported vaginal intercourse, 78% reported receiving oral sex, 57% reported performing oral sex, and 10% reported receptive anal intercourse. Among men, 27% reported insertive anal intercourse. Blacks initiated vaginal intercourse at an earlier age than Whites; White women performed oral sex earlier than Black women. Significant interactions were observed between age of first vaginal partner and both gender and race/ethnicity. Blacks with older partners initiated sex at an earlier age than both Blacks with a partner the same age or younger and Whites. We also observed a relationship between older female sex partners and earlier vaginal sex initiation among men. We conclude that older sex partners play an important role in sexual initiation among young adults. In light of the rates of oral and anal sex, sexual education and intervention programs should address the risk for unintended consequences of these behaviors.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Sexuality during pregnancy and after childbirth: a metacontent analysis of 59 studies.

The aim of this study is to gain a systematic overview of all existing studies on parental sexuality during pregnancy and the postpartum period (months 1-6). Investigations of psychological and medical data banks and cross-references revealed 59 relevant studies published in English or German between 1950 and 1996. These primary studies were metacontent analyzed, according to the following categories: methodology (samples, designs): type of descriptive data researched (sexual activity, interest, enjoyment, orgasm, problems); and type of correlational data researched (sexual variables and pregnancy outcome, maternal physical and psychological health, sociodemographic data, biographical data, partnership data). On average, female sexual interest and coital activity declines slightly in the first trimester of pregnancy, shows variable patterns in the second trimester, and decreases sharply in the third trimester. Most couples do not practice intercourse for about 2 months around the delivery. Afterwards, sexual interest and activity tends to be reduced for several months as compared with the prepregnancy level, and sexual problems occur relatively often. But most remarkable is the interindividual variability concerning sexual responsiveness, orgasm, activity, and enjoyment. Descriptive research is focused on coital activity of (expectant) mothers. Data about fathers, noncoital activities, and sexual feelings are scarce. Data analysis is focused on three questions: (1) Does sexual activity in pregnancy harm the fetus? (if there are no risk factors: no); (2) Are physical and mental symptoms or data about the delivery and sexual variables correlated? (in some cases: yes); (3) Are sociodemographic data and sexual variables correlated? (mostly not). Research deficits (e.g., conceptual reductionism "sexuality=intercourse," neglect of the male partners, validity, reliability, neglect of the nonsexual partnership and of biographical influences) are critically discussed. Medical, counseling, and psychotherapeutic implications are derived.

Female↗
PubMed1998

Treatment of erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy with sildenafil citrate (Viagra).

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the response to the new oral medication, sildenafil citrate (Viagra), was influenced by the presence or absence of the neurovascular bundles, as recent reports on its success did not specify the efficacy of the drug in patients with erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy. METHODS: Baseline and follow-up data from 28 healthy patients presenting with erectile dysfunction after radical prostatectomy were obtained. Patients receiving any neoadjuvant/adjuvant hormones or adjuvant radiation therapy were excluded. Patients reported what their erectile status was before surgery, before sildenafil therapy, and after using a minimum of four doses of sildenafil. Both the patients and their spouses were interviewed using the Cleveland Clinic post-prostatectomy questionnaire, which includes questions about response to therapy, duration of intercourse, spousal satisfaction, side effects, and related topics. The patients were compared on the basis of the type of surgical procedure they had undergone-nerve sparing or non-nerve sparing. A positive response to sildenafil was defined as erection sufficient for vaginal penetration. RESULTS: Of the 15 patients who had bilateral nerve-sparing procedures, 12 (80%) had a positive response to sildenafil, with a mean duration of 6.92 minutes of vaginal intercourse. These 12 patients also reported a spousal satisfaction rate of 80%. All 12 of the responders had a positive response within the first three doses, and 10 of the 12 responded with the first or second dose. None of the 3 patients who had undergone a unilateral nerve-sparing procedure responded, nor did any of the 10 patients who had undergone a non-nerve-sparing procedure. The two most common side effects of the drug were transient headaches (39%) and abnormal color vision (11%). No patients discontinued the medication because of side effects. CONCLUSIONS: Successful treatment of erectile dysfunction in a patient after prostatectomy with sildenafil citrate may depend on the presence of bilateral neurovascular bundles. No patient who had undergone a non-nerve-sparing procedure responded. Whether patients who undergo unilateral nerve-sparing procedures will respond to sildenafil is still unclear because of the small number of patients in our study. These findings should encourage urologists to continue to perform and perfect the nerve-sparing approach. The ability to restore potency with an oral medication after radical prostatectomy will impact our discussion with the patient on the surgical morbidity of radical prostatectomy.

Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed2003

Women's experience of coping with a positive Pap smear: A register-based study of women with two consecutive Pap smears reported as CIN 1.

BACKGROUND: In Sweden approximately 40 000 women receive information annually that their Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test showed dysplasia and about 400 women are diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate women 5 years after two consecutive Pap smears diagnosed with mild dysplasia (CIN 1), by describing their experience of receiving information about the results of the smear and how examinations, treatment and follow-up had affected them. METHODS: A questionnaire was sent in 1999 to 329 women who according to the Department of Clinical Pathology, Karlstad, had two consecutive Pap smears reported as mild dysplasia (CIN 1) during 1993 and who as a result of this finding should have undergone colposcopy and biopsy according to an agreed general program. RESULTS: The questionnaire was completed by 242 women (74%). The finding of mild dysplasia was obtained at a screening test in 95%, and 96% reported that they had participated in the follow-up program. One hundred and eighty-four women (76%) experienced follow-up in a positive way. Seventy-two percent considered they understood the meaning and consequences of having mild dysplasia. Nevertheless, feelings of worry and anxiety affected 59%. For 30% it affected everyday life between being informed of the result of the first Pap smear test and subsequent further investigation. Twenty women (8%) reported a remaining negative influence on sexuality and their experience of sexual intercourse as a consequence of the management of mild dysplasia. This finding was correlated with less satisfaction with follow-up and a negative influence on self-esteem. CONCLUSION: Women felt vulnerable when being investigated for intraepithelial neoplasia, but this did not influence willingness to participate in follow-up. The discovery created unnecessary worry and a negative experience that may be solved by a better-developed educational program at the time of screening. There were no signs of remaining anxiety 5 years later, but 8% of women reported a remaining negative influence on their sexual life.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Religiosity, sexual intercourse and condom use among university students.

There is strong evidence that religiosity among adolescents is associated with delayed onset of sexual activity. However, research on relationships between religiosity and contraceptive practices is limited and inconsistent. This paper provides data from a survey of 374 students aged between 16 and 21 at two Brisbane universities (72.4 per cent response rate). Those who perceived religion to be important in their lives were less likely to have had intercourse. Among the sexually active sample, religious youth did not differ from their peers in recent condom use, the age at which they first used condoms or the rate of partner change. Contrary to several recent assertions in review articles, this and other empirical studies do not show that religious youth are less likely than nonreligious youth to take precautions during sex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Drug use and HIV-1 infection: report from the Second Italian Multicenter Study.

A cross-sectional study was carried out in October 1988 among clients of public health centers in Italy that provide assistance for drug dependency. In addition to estimating the frequency of HIV-1 infection and of risk factors related to drug use, the study estimated the temporal gap between relevant events in the drug history of each subject. Forty-eight centers participated, representing 16 of the 20 Italian regions. Among 1,038/1,348 subjects, 395 (38%) were carriers of HIV-1 antibodies. Seropositivity was related to the length of heroin use (with the risk of being seropositive increasing by 1% for each month of use), to frequency of sharing injection equipment, and to sexual intercourse with a seropositive partner. Women were more likely to have shared injection equipment and to have engaged in sexual intercourse with seropositive partners. Most subjects began sharing injection equipment within a year of initiating drug use, and the median temporal gap between first drug use and first visit to a drug dependency center was 5 years. A high proportion of both seropositive (87%) and seronegative (74%) subjects reported the adoption of safer drug-use practices. In both groups many behavioral changes (38%) were reported to have been introduced before the initial HIV test. These findings confirm that efforts to reduce HIV infection among drug users in Italy will need to concentrate both on prevention of drug use and on early intervention to reduce high-risk behaviors.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Social deviance in autism: a central integrative failure as a model for social nonengagement.

Clinically, adult autistic and PDD individuals appear to have an uneasy relationship with their social environment no matter how much developmental progress they make. Many can work at modest jobs, many more do not, and even fewer are interested enough in the human environment to cohabitate and/or marry. A conversation with a young autistic man of 20 about a trip to visit a relative focuses more on the time the train left and how late it was in hypermnestic detail, including all details except the affective environment or the relationships to human beings. This is the human significance of the term autism. Autistics can speak and reference, but they seem not to understand the social requirements of a human interchange. If they do know it, they know it in a fragmentary or rudimentary way devoid of subtlety or nuance. Whatever we mean by social intercourse and whatever functions subsume it, they seem to emerge in interaction with cognition and language. They develop apace as human traverse those first 3 years of life and as they reach social maturity in adolescence. Autistic children appear not to integrate their knowledge of things in a representation that includes emotional and cognitive elements. They do not seem to understand that words necessarily refer to things of this world that others are also referencing in their words and sentences--shared reference is not natural to them. Intersubjectivity as a feature of common code use is not tacit or explicit in their behavior. They similarly do not use social referencing in the way in which normals do, and although they show some attachment to people, they seem to do so without benefit of affective display leading to reciprocity. There is little notion of the external that makes another human being distinguishable from a thing. Their treasured objects in early childhood are hard and lack comforting proximal receptor attractiveness as in normals. Hobson's extensive studies have elaborated a notion about the autistic child's knowledge of person. He comments on the lack of integration of the verbal and visual situational ties in which affective expression emerges and functions. He also comments on the deictic inabilities, inferring that the "I," "you," and "he" references do not have any significance for such children. We would like to note that while Vygotsky and others have observed that speech comes from the world of people, language comes from the maturing organism as an innate propensity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Affect↗
PubMed1981

Behavioral and hormonal effects of prolonged high doses of LHRH in male impotency.

Eight married men with secondary impotency on a nonorganic, non-psychiatric disease basis injected themselves with placebo subcutaneously (SC) twice a day (b.i.d.) for the first week in a single blind design followed by two periods of four weeks with LHRH (3 mg b.i.d. for four weeks) and placebo (b.i.d. for four weeks) in a double blind crossover design. Outcome was assessed by daily questionnaires. There were no significant differences between the effects of LHRH and placebo on frequency of intercourse, spontaneous erections, and wife's rating of her husband's libido. On these measurements, small, non-significant, trends toward improvement were associated with LHRH. The patients' rating of their own libido was higher (p less than 0.05) during the first week on LHRH compared to the first week of the four weeks of placebo, but the magnitude of the differences was minimal. Frequency of masturbation did not increase with LHRH. In contrast to other studies, men with premasturbatory activity improved less and there was no improvement in potency in the two month follow-up after LHRH. Baseline LH, FSH, testosterone and prolactin were all within normal limits. The LH and FSH response to LHRH decreased over the 28 days but testosterone levels and response to LHRH increased. Since there was a small trend toward improvement after LHRH, clinical trials with LHRH analogs should be explored.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Factors associated with condom use among youth aged 15-24 years in Brazil in 2003.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse factors associated with the lack of condom use among young people at last sexual intercourse with a steady or casual partner. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study involving 1170 household interviews and designed to build a representative sample of the population of young Brazilian residents aged 15-24 years (2003). METHODS: In the multivariate analysis of data, non-conditional logistic regression modelling was applied to assess the determinants of condom use at last sexual intercourse among young people with steady or casual partners. RESULTS: The overall level of condom use at last sexual intercourse was high (60%), although it was significantly more common in casual sexual partnership. Cohabitation was associated with a lack of condom use in both casual and steady partner encounters. In addition, being female, having less schooling, having no work history, and per capita family income above the minimum wage were factors related to not using condoms in the group of young people who had their last sexual encounter with steady partners. Among young people with casual partners, such factors included a positive history of alcohol use, first sex at 9-16 years of age, inadequate knowledge of AIDS treatability and bereavement related to violence. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that the determinants of condom use among youth during last sexual intercourse vary according to whether the partner was casual or steady. Prevention campaigns should develop specific messages for each of these contexts.

Adolescent↗