Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “AVIATION”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Naval aviation mishaps and fatigue.

Naval aircraft mishap data were analyzed to determine if statistical relationships among variables generally associated with fatigue and mishap liability exist. Pilots in mishaps were divided into two groups: those who were causally involved and those who were not. The results demonstrated that fighter and helicopter pilots who had worked at least 10 h in the previous 24 were significantly more likely to fall in the causally involved group. Variables related to sleep, continuous duty, missions performed, and hours flown in the immediate past, however, showed no significant relationships with mishap liability. Analysis of mishap rates as a function of time of departure, however, indicated that rates tended to be lowest for flights originating between 0900 and 1800, a result that possibly supports the hypothesis that "circadian desynchronization" contributes to mishaps.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1978

Spatial disorientation in general aviation accidents.

Spatial disorientation (SD) was the third highest "cause" of fatal accidents in small, fixed-wing aircraft and closely related to the second highest "cause"--"continued VFR flight into adverse weather." SD was a cause or factor in 16% of all fatal accidents. When SD was ascribed as a cause or factor in an accident, 90% of the time that accident involved fatalities. Small, fixed-wing aircraft under 12,500 lb (570 kg) accounted for 97.3% of all SD accidents. Inclement weather was associated with 42% of all fatal accidents, and SD was a cause or factor in 35.6% of these. Flight was initiated into and continued into adverse weather in 19.7 and 68.7%, respectively, of SD weather-related fatal accidents. Fog (56.8%) and rain (41.8%) were the most prevalent adverse weather conditions. These and other data attest to the importance of this psychophysiological phenomenon in flight safety.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1982

The prevalence of visual deficiencies among 1979 general aviation accident airmen.

Analyses of the accident experience of pilots who were monocular, did not meet vision standards, had color vision defects and no operational restrictions, or wore contact lenses have shown higher-than-expected accident experience in previous studies. However, no causal role had been assigned. In the present study of accidents during 1979, the pilots with aphakia and artificial lens implants and the total eye pathology population had significantly higher accident rates, but the monocular pilots did not. Again, no causal role had been ascribe. There are still unresolved questions about the consistent operational performance of monocular pilots, those who are not fully corrected to 20/20 distant visual acuity bilaterally, airmen with near vision deficiencies only who are not required to wear corrective glasses, those without fusion, and several with appreciable pathology who have 20/20 corrected central visual acuity, but about whom we know very little concerning their dynamic, peripheral, depth, or accommodative function.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1982

Improving the crashworthiness of general aviation aircraft by crash injury investigations.

An aircraft accident investigation program correlates injuries to occupants with the severity of impacts and structural changes in the crash. Findings brought to the attention of aircraft manufacturers have led to specific aircraft being made more crash-worthy. The finding of a failure in a shoulder harness attachment led to the strengthening of the attachment brace. The way a shoulder harness was joined to a lapbelt was modified following a noted failure. The finding of fractures of lapbelt and shoulder harness cable tiedowns led to the use of stronger cables and modification of the installation. Other findings resulted in a shoulder strap guide being placed on an inertia reel and a side-mounted seat being modified. Described also are three seat-related features which, although meeting FAA standards, during the dynamics of a crash may lack desirable energy attenuation. These findings illustrate the value of aircraft crash injury correlations.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1982

An analysis of civil aviation propeller-to-person accidents: 1965-79.

The interest of manufacturing, governmental, and safety personnel in using paint schemes on propeller and rotor blades is based on improving the visual conspicuity of those blades when they are rotating. While propeller and rotor paint schemes may serve to reduce the number of fatalities and injuries due to contact with a rotating blade, there is little information about the circumstances surrounding such accidents. Brief reports provided by the National Transportation Safety Board of all "propeller-to-person" accidents from 1965-79 were examined and analyzed in terms of airport lighting conditions, actions of pilots, actions of passengers and groundcrew, phase of flight operations, weather conditions, and others. Analyses based on 319 accidents showed a marked drop in the frequency of "propeller-to-person" accidents from 1975 through 1978. Several types of educational efforts directed toward pilots and groundcrew, both prior to and during that 4-year period, were examined as possible factors contributing to the accident rate decline. Accident patterns provide a basis for assessing the probable efficacy of various recommendations, including propeller conspicuity, for further reducing "propeller-to-person" accidents.

Accident Prevention↗