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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Comparison of the sperm quality necessary for successful intrauterine insemination with World Health Organization threshold values for normal sperm.

OBJECTIVE: To compare World Health Organization threshold values for normal sperm with the initial sperm quality necessary for successful IUI. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Private fertility clinic. PATIENT(S): One thousand eight hundred forty-one couples undergoing 4,056 cycles of IUI. INTERVENTION(S): Intrauterine insemination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Relation of initial sperm quality to fecundity. RESULT(S): Progressive motility and total motile sperm count were the initial sperm characteristics most closely related to pregnancy on discriminant analysis. The per-cycle pregnancy rate averaged 11.1% during the first three IUI cycles. Pregnancy rates were > or = 8.2% per cycle when the initial sperm values were a concentration of > or = 5 X 10(6)/mL, a total count of > or = 10 X 10(6), progressive motility of > or = 30%, or a total motile sperm count of > or = 5 x 10(6). Minimal increases in fecundity occurred when initial values were greater than these threshold levels. The lowest initial values that resulted in pregnancy were a concentration of 2 x 10(6)/mL, a total count of 5 x 10(6). motility of 17%, and a total motile sperm count of 1.6 X 10(6). Pregnancy rates were <3.6% when initial values were between the threshold levels and the lowest levels. CONCLUSION(S): The sperm quality that is necessary for successful IUI is lower than World Health Organization threshold values for normal sperm. Intrauterine insemination is effective therapy for male factor infertility when initial sperm motility is > or = 30% and the total motile sperm count is > or = 5 X 10(6). When initial values are lower, IUI has little chance of success.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The World Health Organization Report 2000: a politically incorrect computer game].

The World Health Organization Report 2000 is aimed at supporting an evidence-based development of health care systems in the world. The report has brought about a significant political and academic debate. This article reviews the contribution of the WHO Report to current health care policy, as well as analyzes and comments the main published critiques. Through a commented compilation of the health care reforms implemented over the last fifteen years in the world, WHO shifts radically its traditional position supporting now universal access to health care and a strong government's conduction role, but within a financial risk sharing environment, public and private co-operation and deregulation of the public management of health care institutions. WHO ranks in this report the 191 countries according to their health care systems' goal attainment and performance using a very weak, obscure and artificial methodology which has been opposed internationally. WHO is, however, committed to continue this initiative without apparently any major changes in the general and methodological approach.

Annual Reports as Topic↗
PubMed1975

The role of the World Health Organization in pesticide research.

For many years the World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized agency of the United Nations, has been involved in activities related to pesticide chemicals such as toxicological evaluation of pesticides used in agriculture, recommendation of limits for pesticide residues in foods, application of pesticides used in public health (including recommending methods and specifications for equipment) and detection of resistance to pesticides. The use of substances toxic to man and to a variety of forms of life comprises an overall health problem, and the participation of WHO at the international level in this area should be regarded as part of its responsibility for promoting the health of all people. During the course of its engagement in these activities the Organization played, and plays, an important role, either by directly sponsoring research projects according to its limited budgetary capabilities or, and mostly, by assisting in the promotion, guidance and coordination of research programmes on a world-wide basis. This paper provides a brief description of the most important activities of WHO and outlines the Organization's involvement in stimulating research in the field of pesticide chemicals. References are made to the "modus operandi" of Expert Committees.

Animals↗