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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Attitudes toward obstetrics training. Residents surveyed at McGill University and University of Montreal.

OBJECTIVE: To determine family medicine residents' attitudes toward family practice training in obstetrics and neonatology before and after implementation of a modified obstetrics curriculum at McGill University (MG). DESIGN: Two-group pretest and posttest. Fifty-seven respondents, 31 at MG, 26 at University of Montreal (UM), were case matched as first-year and second-year residents. SETTING: Departments of Family Medicine at MG and UM. PARTICIPANTS: Family medicine residents at MG and UM. INTERVENTION: A modified obstetrics curriculum was introduced at MG (study group); no modifications were introduced at UM (control group). First- and second-year residents' attitudes toward the adequacy of training were assessed through responses to a questionnaire administered in July 1992 and July 1994. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in response scores before and after implementation of the modified curriculum. RESULTS: Repeated multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed respondents believed family practice obstetrics training was adequate in general, but that family practitioners were inadequately trained in emergency obstetric skills. Scores for items assessing neonatology skills increased significantly in the MG group after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Residents' overall confidence in their obstetrics training did not appear to improve, but this might be due to a time lag between curriculum modification and attitudinal change. McGill residents' confidence in neonatology skills improved significantly after curriculum modification.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The University Integrated Automated Information System at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.

The Integrated Automation System put into place at the University Services University of the Health Sciences has been said to be 5 years ahead of those employing the most advanced comparable configurations. This automated data processing creation was accomplished without augmentation of manpower or funding. A brief history of this development and some of its features are presented.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1998

Universal hearing screening in the NICU: the Loma Linda University Children's Hospital experience.

The most common birth defect in the U.S. today is hearing loss, ranging from mild to profound. Even mild hearing impairment seriously affects language, speech, and cognitive development. Early identification and intervention lead to improved communication skills, which positively impact psychosocial, educational, and vocational development. Loma Linda University Children's Hospital NICU has implemented a program consistent with the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing's 1994 position statement, which advocates universal detection of infants with hearing loss, and with the National Institutes of Health 1993 position statement on early identification of hearing impairment in infants and young children, which recommends screening all infants admitted to NICUs for hearing loss prior to discharge. This article discusses the process of change required to meet these goals and outlines areas for further evaluation and change.

California↗
PubMed2006

[History and personalities at the Department of Urology, University of Magdeburg. From medical academy to university].

The Medical Academy of Magdeburg was founded in 1954, but at that time the university did not have its own urological department. It was founded in 1957. Chiefs of the department were Hartwig Eggers (through 1958), Gerhard Wilhelm Heise (1958-1976), Gerd-Wolfgang Mueller (1976-1994), and Ernst Peter Allhoff (since 1994). The department has an interesting history. Numerous famous urologists were trained here.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1985

How the university cardiologist treats ventricular premature beats: a nationwide survey of 65 University Medical Centers.

Sixty-five of 118 university cardiologists responded to a survey of indications for treatment of ventricular ectopy, particularly in the completely asymptomatic patient or those with palpitations as the only symptom. The percentage of cardiologists treating these patients increased as the complexity of ventricular ectopy increased, as the severity of underlying heart disease increased, as the symptoms increased from completely asymptomatic to palpitations or skipped beats, if the patient experienced dizziness or syncope, and if the patient had complex VPBs or asymptomatic VT after MI. Ninety-eight percent of respondents had patients who experienced exacerbation of arrhythmia with antiarrhythmic drugs. Of the conventional type 1 drugs, the drug of first choice was quinidine for 60%, procainamide for 37%, and disopyramide for 3%. The accepted indications for electrophysiologic testing included survivors of sudden cardiac arrest and patients with symptomatic VT.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1989

Compliance with universal precautions in a university hospital emergency department.

We investigated the compliance of emergency department health care workers with barrier precaution policies adapted from the Centers for Disease Control's "Recommendations for Prevention of HIV Transmission in Health-Care Settings." One hundred sixty-nine health care worker encounters with 97 patients were observed. One hundred one observations were of noncritical ED patients undergoing IV catheter placement (35) or phlebotomy (66). Sixty-eight observations involved cardiac arrest or critical trauma patients. Observations in this latter group were of the use of needles, 22; physical examination, 18; patient handling, 17; endotracheal intubation, eight; and Foley catheter placement, three. For noncritical patients, only 52.5% of providers wore gloves for phlebotomy or IV catheter placement. For critical patients, gloves were worn by health care workers as follows: needle use, 64%; physical examination, 72%; intubation, 88%; physical handling of patients, 76%; and Foley catheter placement, 100%. Gowns, masks, and protective eyewear were used in encounters with critical patients by 28%, 1%, and 18% of workers, respectively. We conclude that there currently is a low rate of compliance with universal precaution policies by ED personnel.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2006

Prevalence of asthma symptoms among university students 15 to 35 years of age in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State.

INTRODUCTION: Asthma continues to cause increasing morbidity and mortality among young adults in the developing world. There is scarcity of data on the prevalence of asthma among young Nigerian adults. METHODS: We studied the prevalence of asthma among students (15-35 years of age) of the Obafemi Awolowo University using a standardized questionnaire. One thousand self-administered questionnaires were distributed; 903 were retrieved and analyzed (469 males, 434 females). Symptoms indicative of asthma were cough, chest tightness at rest and on exposure to irritants, and the presence of nocturnal symptoms. Students with three or more symptoms or who had a diagnosis of asthma were considered probable asthmatics and those with one or two symptoms as suspected asthmatics. Students in any of these two categories were defined as symptomatic respondents. RESULTS: The 12-month prevalence of wheeze, night waking with cough, and chest tightness in the morning was 9.0% (n = 81) 9.4% (n = 85) and 8.0% (n = 72), respectively. One hundred and twenty-seven respondents (14.1%) comprising 49 males (10.4%) and 78 females (17.9%) had probable asthma. The remaining symptomatic respondents consisting of 20 males (4.3%) and 16 females (3.9%) had suspected asthma. Of these, only 32.5% (53/163) had been previously diagnosed and 22.1% were on occasional inhaled bronchodilator treatment. CONCLUSION: These results indicate a relatively high prevalence of asthma among the students. A greater proportion of them had not been diagnosed and were not receiving proper treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Future directions for academic practice plans: thoughts on organization and management from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Pennsylvania.

Academic practice plans have been challenged in recent years by increasing pressures for productivity and financial performance. Most practice plans began as relatively loose affiliations among the clinical departments associated with their respective medical schools, and such approaches were adequate in an earlier era. However, this model is not well suited to deal with the current and future challenges that face the practice plans, hospitals, and medical schools that comprise our academic medical centers. The current clinical, financial, and regulatory environment requires highly effective business management, a shared commitment to common goals, and meticulous attention to regulatory compliance. In turn, the organizational structures, daily management, and overall governance of academic practice plans must be revised to address these new expectations. The business, clinical, and academic performance of the individual practices must be aligned to meet the diverse, and sometimes conflicting, needs of the academic health center. Both Johns Hopkins Medicine and the University of Pennsylvania (Penn Medicine) have been addressing these issues independently, but their approaches share many common principles. Among others, these principles include (a) organizational alignment, (b) strong practice plan business management, (c) shared resources and strategies, (d) accountability for performance in each practice based on credible data generated by the practice plan, (e) uniform audit and compliance standards, and (f) application of market strategy principles to assure the right mix of primary and specialist physicians, and appropriate incentive-based compensation for physicians. The application of these approaches at two academic health centers, and the rationale for these approaches, are discussed in detail.

Cost Sharing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

King Khalid University Hospital Drug and Poison Information Service. A descriptive report and comparison with the University of Minnesota Drug Information Center.

During the first four years of its existence, the Drug and Poison Information Service at King Khalid University Hospital established itself as an integral part of the clinical pharmacy program and was appreciated by the medical staff. In terms of references and request categories it was similar to the UMDIS. Differences result from dissimilar formularies and a large number of physician inquiries, as opposed to the large number of consumer inquiries received at the UMDIS.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1998

[A survey on condition of outpatients at prosthodontics II, University Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University].

The number of dental patients who have medical illnesses is increasing at the hospital of the Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University. Although prosthodontic treatments are considered less invasive in all dental treatments, invasive procedures such as tooth extraction may be required occasionally. Therefore, it is necessary to treat patients in consideration of their condition. Under this situation, a clinical survey was conducted by health questionnaires answered by the patients who visited our clinic between October 1992 and March 1997. The number of patients whose illness was heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, nephritic disease, hepatitis, tuberculosis, hemodyscrasia, asthma, epilepsy, and so on during dental treatment was higher than the national average according to the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Dental psychosomatic diseases such as TMD and dental phobia were increased every year. These data reflect the contemporary disease structure in Japan characterized by the spreading of life-style related diseases and increase of neuropsychological and infectious diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Practice of electroconvulsive therapy at University Hospital, the University of Tokushima School of Medicine from 1975 to 1997.

BACKGROUND: In Western nations the effect of ECT has been re-evaluated since the 1970s, while reports on ECT are few in Japan. METHODS: The sample included 3,067 patients admitted to Tokushima University Hospital between 1975 and 1997. Hospital charts were reviewed retrospectively for ECT. RESULTS: ECT was carried out on 6.03% of all subjects; 11.97% of patients with schizophrenia, 4.88% with manic depressive psychosis, 7.44% with atypical psychosis and 3.27% with psychogenic reactions. The remission rate from ECT was 68.11% of all subjects; 59.85% with schizophrenia, 100% with manic depressive psychosis, 100% with atypical psychosis and 92.0% with psychogenic reactions. Patients averaged 10.26 treatments. ECT had been administered mainly to patients who had responded poorly to pharmacotherapy and to patients who required rapid improvement of life-threatening symptoms. ECT was highly effective for symptoms as excitement, suicidal tendencies and stupor. Side effects were claimed by 36.77% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: ECT is suggested to be a useful therapeutic modality in current psychiatric practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The implementation of a program for preparing parturients for childbirth at the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo].

The Obstetric and Neonatal Nursing Program of the School of Nursing of USP has worked with the Maternal and Infant Division of the University Hospital of USP since 1981. Among the activities carried out are the childbirth classes to prepare pregnant women, developed from 1990 as teaching-practice linkage. The evaluation of the preparation take into account the process of collaboration nursing education and nursing services.

Brazil↗
PubMed1993

[Social medicine within the frame work of a planned model medical curriculum of the Rudolf Virchow University Clinic of the Berlin Free University].

The planning group "Reformed Study Course in Medicine" at the Rudolf Virchow Clinical Centre of the Free University of Berlin presented in 1992 a draft of a model curriculum with particular emphasis on sociomedical aspects. As German statutory sickness insurance sets great store by getting the patient to go to his "family doctor" first before consulting a specialist ("primärärztliche Orientierung"), sociomedical aspects have now assumed greater importance than previously. Sociomedically relevant professional series of events within the framework of the model curriculum are presented with particular reference to a continual integration of theory and practice by means of so-called "practice days" and "investigations into the professional activities of a doctor in general". Principal topics and teaching and learning goals governing the individual semester are exemplified.

Berlin↗
PubMed1993

Will universal health insurance assure universal access to ongoing primary care for adults?

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of current public insurance status (Medicare and Medicaid) and hypothetical payment levels of a new insurance program on physician acceptance of adult primary care patients desiring continuing care. METHOD: Survey of 175 primary care physicians in a medium-sized city and six surrounding counties in North Carolina. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Likelihood of accepting new continuing care patients covered by Medicare, Medicaid, or a hypothetical health insurance system mandated to cover the uninsured. RESULTS: The response rate was 80%; 86% of the respondents were accepting new patients with private insurance. Of the remaining physicians, 72% were not accepting new continuing care patients covered by Medicaid and 55% were not accepting patients who paid via Medicare assignment alone. Seventy-nine percent of respondents were unlikely to accept new continuing care patients insured by a hypothetical public plan that reimbursed physicians at 60% of reimbursement levels provided by privately insured patients, compared with only 25% who were unlikely to accept patients if the reimbursement was 80% of the private level. CONCLUSIONS: Medicaid and Medicare do not assure access to continuing primary care. Also, physician reimbursement is an important determinant in any new health care system designed to provide universal and consistent access to regular primary care services.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Toward universal ecology disturbance measures. Basis and outline of a universal measure.

In the past, environmental risk assessments of materials were primarily based upon known or suspected toxic and/or ecotoxic effects. When considering the restructuring of economies to function within ecological boundary conditions, the accumulated knowledge about hazardous materials is not sufficient because science can never predict, simulate, and quantify all possible environmental consequences in terms of nature, intensity, time, and space for releasing a multitude of different material streams. The comparison of the environmental impact intensities of different materials on the basis of toxicological hazard considerations is therefore quite limited. Moreover, since our knowledge about toxic effects is continuously expanding, economic restructuring decisions of today may turn out to be shortsighted tomorrow. This paper introduces the material intensity per unit service--the MIPS--as a universal measure for the initial estimation and comparison of the environmental impact intensities of infrastructures, goods, and services. This paper further argues that Western infrastructures, goods, and services must be dematerialized by an average factor of 10 or more in order to begin restabilizing the ecosphere. With the concept of MIPS, and a goal for long-range economic planning, robust and consistent ecological policies could be developed and internationally harmonized, and actual progress toward sustainability could be monitored.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Productive international faculty exchange: one Columbia University to Gothenburg University example.

This article describes the preparation, implementation and outcomes of a visiting professor exchange experience from the United States to Sweden, and provides recommendations for other faculty who may be asked to enact a similar international role. The major goals of the visit were to coalesce the themes of the earlier administrative contacts into specific projects, and to model a scholarly faculty role consistent with the Columbia University School of Nursing mission as a World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for International Nursing Development. Professional nursing activities during the exchange visit were comprised of three main categories: teaching, consultation, and socialization. Strategies are described that enhanced the bilingual lectures for the Swedish students. The relationships that developed from consulting at the college and on site at various clinical locations culminated in the mutual identification of collaborative research projects and plans for the cross-cultural adaptation of the author's parent education model. Recommendations are made concerning the range of philosophical, institutional, professional and personal resources needed for international exchanges.

Education, Nursing, Graduate↗
PubMed1995

Universal minicircle sequence binding protein, a CCHC-type zinc finger protein that binds the universal minicircle sequence of trypanosomatids. Purification and characterization.

Replication of kinetoplast DNA minicircles of trypanosomatids initiates at a conserved 12-nucleotide sequence, termed the universal minicircle sequence (UMS, 5'-GGGGTTGGTGTA-3'). A single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein that binds specifically to this origin-associated sequence was purified to apparent homogeneity from Crithidia fasciculata cell extracts. This UMS-binding protein (UMSBP) is a dimer of 27.4 kDa with a 13.7-kDa protomer. UMSBP binds single-stranded DNA as well as single-stranded RNA but not double-stranded or four-stranded DNA structures. Stoichiometry analysis indicates the binding of UMSBP as a protein dimer to the UMS site. The five CCHC-type zinc finger motifs of UMSBP, predicted from its cDNA sequence, are similar to the CCHC motifs found in retroviral Gag polyproteins. The remarkable conservation of this motif in a family of proteins found in eukaryotic organisms from yeast and protozoa to mammals is discussed.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt): an expanding universe of protein information.

The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) provides a central resource on protein sequences and functional annotation with three database components, each addressing a key need in protein bioinformatics. The UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB), comprising the manually annotated UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot section and the automatically annotated UniProtKB/TrEMBL section, is the preeminent storehouse of protein annotation. The extensive cross-references, functional and feature annotations and literature-based evidence attribution enable scientists to analyse proteins and query across databases. The UniProt Reference Clusters (UniRef) speed similarity searches via sequence space compression by merging sequences that are 100% (UniRef100), 90% (UniRef90) or 50% (UniRef50) identical. Finally, the UniProt Archive (UniParc) stores all publicly available protein sequences, containing the history of sequence data with links to the source databases. UniProt databases continue to grow in size and in availability of information. Recent and upcoming changes to database contents, formats, controlled vocabularies and services are described. New download availability includes all major releases of UniProtKB, sequence collections by taxonomic division and complete proteomes. A bibliography mapping service has been added, and an ID mapping service will be available soon. UniProt databases can be accessed online at http://www.uniprot.org or downloaded at ftp://ftp.uniprot.org/pub/databases/.

Databases, Protein↗