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PubMed2006

Research tissue banking in otolaryngology: organization, methods and uses, with reference to practical, ethical and legal issues.

The field of molecular biology is an important part of research into neoplastic conditions. Much of this research requires access to human tissue samples, which may need to be collected and stored in a specific way, according to the type of study for which they are intended. Anonymous clinical information about the samples enables researchers to apply results to different patient groups. Access to stored tissues is particularly important in head and neck disease research as many neoplastic conditions affecting this area have a relatively low incidence. Consequently, it may take a long time to build up enough individual cases to make a study worthwhile. We describe here the current legal, ethical and practical issues of research tissue banking, with regard to head and neck disease.

Ethics, Research↗
PubMed2001

40 years of tissue banking in Estonia.

A survey is given of the development of tissue banking in Estonia during 40 years, in which we address methods of tissue preservation, application of preserved skeletal tissues in orthopaedics as well as issues of clinical and experimental research in this area. Preparation and use of demineralized and morselized bone allografts has been significant during the last ten years. Progress of endoprosthetic joint surgery has essentially increased the need for bone transplantation in orthopaedics.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Possible virus contaminants in tissue banking.

The importance of transplantation in clinical medicine is still increasing. Risks by transmission of infections agents by virus contaminated transplants with following diseases are most feared. Anamnesis and course of spectacular cases by unconventual viruses (Creutzfeld-Jakob), pathogens of AIDS and rabies and transmission by different routes have been analysed. The necessity of legal directives for blood and tissue banks has to be stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Use of banked tissue in plastic surgery.

The availability of safe and reliable, banked tissues in India has enabled the use of human bone allografts as a viable alternative to autografts in reconstructive surgery. Lyophilised, irradiated bone grafts were used in 2 cases of rhinoplasty, a case of hemifacial atrophy, and as a chin implant.In the patient with revision rhinoplasty the rib graft was resorbed. The patient with hemifacial atrophy developed seroma and infection in the zygomatic and infraorbital area and the rib graft had to be removed. The graft from the same rib that was placed over the mandible was retained well and incorporated completely. The iliac crest cortico-cancellous grafts did well in the second case of augmentation rhinoplasty and in the augmentation of chin.The primary objective of reconstructive surgery in the treatment of burns, non-healing wounds and pressure sores is to remove the dead tissue and restore the continuity of the skin without delay. Lyophilised, irradiated, human amnion is a temporary biological dressing conveniently available off-the-shelf. It was used in twenty four patients with burns, eight patients with bedsores and six patients with non-healing ulcers mainly on the foot. The total surface areas of burns sustained were from 2% to 40%. The burns ranged from second degree to deep third degree burns. Amnion was not used in patients with infected third degree burns.The amnion provided good biological cover in all the patients. It was easy to handle and apply, and provided pain relief. The duration of healing varied depending on the extent and depth of the wound and the amount of exudate. The superficial bedsores healed with a single application of amnion. Reduced exudate, healthy granulation tissue and enhanced epithelisation were observed following application of amnion.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

[Tissue banks for molecular diagnostics].

The application of modern high throughput-technologies in genome and proteome research permits the identification of molecular, disease-associated mechanisms. Research data are mostly derived from experiments in which cell lines or animal models are used. In order to translate this knowledge into clinical usage it is necessary to examine numerous, well-documented tissues. Tissue collections that are appropriate for such investigations exist, particularly in pathology institutes. These tissues are routinely fixed informalin and embedded in paraffin and in some cases additional tissue pieces are also kept frozen for future diagnostic purposes. The linking of tissues with corresponding clinico-pathological data and the use of the tissue microarray technology will enable rapid selection of new potential biomarkers for all kinds of diseases. By continuing the upgrading of tissue banks and by introducing quality controls, a significant potential for molecular diagnostics will be available in the future. This will contribute enormously to uncover and to establish novel therapeutical possibilities.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed2005

Musculoskeletal tissue banking in Western Australia: review of the first ten years.

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal tissue allotransplantation has been used as a standard approach for reconstructive surgery. The present study has reviewed the banking of musculoskeletal tissue at the Perth Bone and Tissue Bank (PBTB) and provided evidence of quality assurance on musculoskeletal tissue allotransplantation. METHODS: All donor tissues were processed in accordance with the Therapeutic Goods Administration's relevant codes of good manufacturing practices. Microbiological monitoring at each step of manufacture and postoperative surveying of the musculoskeletal allotransplantations were both conducted. The possible contribution of contaminants in allografts to postoperative infections was also assessed. RESULTS: Of the 5276 donors obtained over the last 10 years, 1672 were rejected, giving an overall donor rejection rate of 32%. Milled femoral heads were the most frequently implanted allografts, followed by whole femoral heads. In the postoperative survey an infection rate of 4.9% was found (113/2321 recipients). The infectious agents were identified in 65 cases but for 60 of these there were no correlations with the positive culture test results for the allografts. The organism most commonly identified in postoperative infections was Staphylococcus species. CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows evidence that musculoskeletal tissue allotransplantation is a safe procedure when accompanied by high standards of quality assurance.

Australia↗
PubMed1999

Amnion allografts prepared in the Central Tissue Bank in Warsaw.

Applications of allogenic amnion grafts range from wound dressing of severe burns, dermabrasions and lower extremity ulcer treatments to plastic surgery, laryngology and ophthalmology. The aim of the present study was to elaborate the method of processing, preservation and sterilization of human amnion allografts prepared as wound dressing used mainly for burned patients. During the amniotic sac processing (after separation of chorion) special attention was paid to ensure that the epithelial side of amnion is placed directly on polyester net used as a support. After application on the wound, the epithelial side with the basement membrane is facing outwards; this will promote migration, attachment and spreading of the host cells encouraging epithelialization. Human amnion allografts were preserved by lyophilization or deep-freezing and subsequently radiation-sterilized with a dose of 35 kGy. It has been observed, however, that lyophilized irradiated allografts are resorbed within a few days, while frozen irradiated ones better adhere to wound and persist even 3 weeks after grafting, therefore, it has been decided to preserve amnion by deep-freezing. Since the beginning of 1998 over 400 preserved radiation-sterilized amnion allografts (with a total surface area over 40,000 cm2) have been prepared at the Central Tissue Bank in Warsaw and distributed to clinics and hospitals throughout the country.

Amnion↗
PubMed2002

Short-term result of aortic valve replacement with cryopreserved homograft valve in the University of Tokyo Tissue Bank.

The short-term results after aortic root replacement with 11 cryopreserved aortic homografts was examined. Since 1998, the University of Tokyo Tissue Bank has supplied 11 aortic homograft valves. Nine of the recipients were male, and the average age was 51.2 years. Nine out of 11 patients had suffered from a serious condition of native or prosthetic valve infectious endocarditis. All of the patients underwent aortic root replacement, and the blood type between the patient and the homograft was matched in 8 of the patients. Only 1 patient died (9.1%) in the short-term due to sepsis. The preoperative degree of aortic valve regurgitation in all of the cases was third or fourth while the regurgitation disappeared after the operation in all of them. Thinking of the serious condition of our cases preoperatively, the 9.1% operative mortality was quite acceptable. Long-term follow-up is necessary to estimate the quality of the homografts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Programme in Radiation and Tissue Banking: Past, Present and Future.

The International Atomic Energy Agency has developed a programme of tissue banking in more than 30 countries, based on the use of radiation for the sterilization of tissues. The value of the tissue grafts produced to the developing countries is not less than 62.6 million US dollars at the mean price of grafts in Europe and the U.S.A. To support this programme a training curriculum was developed which can now be delivered by internet in several languages, from the Universities of Singapore and Buenos Aires. Partnerships have been developed with major organizations which will extend this programme into 2005-2006.

Journal Article↗