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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Bones of contention. The supply of temporal bones for dissection: the legalities, problems and solutions.

Temporal bone dissection is considered to be an important aspect of the otological training of the Specialist Registrar with dissection skills being formally assessed in the Intercollegiate Fellowship Examination. However the procurement of cadaveric specimens suitable for dissection may be fraught with difficulties. The authors take an historical perspective to clarify the existing legal issues and outline the means available to improve supply.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1959

A review of operations on the temporal bone.

The majority of temporal bone operations are performed for treatment of acute or chronic middle ear and mastoid infection, otosclerosis and perforations of the tympanic membrane.Far from being a thing of the past, temporal bone surgery is an expanding field in the antibiotic age.Since treatment with antibiotics may temporarily allay the symptoms of serious disease of the ear, great care must be taken in examination of patients with a suspicious history.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of local complications of temporal bone cholesteatomas.

The preoperative temporal bone CT scans of 13 patients with surgically proven acquired cholesteatoma were retrospectively reviewed for bony erosions and for extension beyond the temporal bone. A correlation with the clinical and surgical findings was also carried out. The CT findings are discussed and illustrated as well as some pitfalls in the evaluation of bony erosions. The appearance of "autoantrectomy" caused by a dry, self-cleaning, well ventilated cholesteatoma is also discussed and illustrated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Aneurysmal bone cyst of the temporal bone].

The authors describe two cases of aneurysmal bone cysts of the os temporale. Subtotal removal of the lesions seemed to stop the disease since twenty months and five years respectively. Differential diagnosis for this benign but recurrent osteolytic bone lesion includes various neoplasms. Diagnosis can only be established through biopsy of the cystwall because clinical and radiological criteria are often misleading.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The temporal bone].

Imaging of the temporal bone by high resolution CT scan has become more and more accurate in recent years. Coronal slices are particularly important. We present the anatomy of four temporal bones embedded in plastic material. Coronal sections with a thickness of 2 mm were taken, radiographed and their density measured. Particular interest was given to the three-dimensional relations as well as to the density of bone of important morphological structures such as the labyrinth, middle ear, facial canal, sigmoid sinus, carotid canal and the mastoid. A low density of bone corresponds to the colour blue, a high density to black. Because of the high resolution of the method it was possible to image small and fine structures such as the auditory ossicles, and the perilymphatic and endolymphatic ducts. A three-dimensional reconstruction may well be possible in the future, and the possibilities of this method are discussed.

Carotid Artery, Internal↗
PubMed2000

Immunohistochemistry and microwave decalcification of human temporal bones.

Processing of human temporal bones is a long, expensive process and the resulting celloidin sections are difficult to use for immunohistochemistry. We tested the ability of immunohistochemical assays to work in human temporal bones that were decalcified using a microwave oven. Tissue was trimmed to an approximate cube (1.5-2 cm/side) containing only the cochlea and immersed in fresh EDTA with paraformaldehyde every 6 h. This sized block required 190-400 h to decalcify. The decalcified tissue was embedded in paraffin and sectioned. Sections were immunoassayed with anti-cytochrome c oxidase, anti-neurofilament or anti-peripherin. All three antibodies labeled the appropriate structures. This procedure may stimulate advancement in the understanding of human inner ear pathology.

Calcium↗
PubMed1985

Eosinophilic granuloma of the temporal bone.

Involvement of the temporal bone by eosinophilic granuloma is rare. Four cases are presented here and the pertinant literature is reviewed. This disease must be kept in mind by the otolaryngologist because of the diagnostic and therapeutic problems that may arise. Direct injection of methyl-prednisolone sodium succinate is suggested as a treatment of eosinophilic granuloma in the temporal bone.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1988

Computed tomography in histiocytosis X of the temporal bone.

Involvement of the temporal bone in histiocytosis X is seen in about one-third of the cases at onset, is bilateral in 31% of cases, and is often clinically silent. We report two cases of histiocytosis X with temporal bone involvement and emphasize the usefulness of computed tomography in detecting such a lesion, noting its extraskeletal extension, and following the course of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

CSF otorrhea complicating osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone.

Osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone is a well-recognized complication of radiotherapy for head and neck malignancy. There are two mechanisms by which this condition can produce damage to nearby structures and even result in death. Osteoradionecrosis may (1) predispose the patient to an aggressive or chronic infectious process, or (2) cause destruction of tissue by direct necrosis. A review of the literature failed to disclose a cause of CSF otorrhea complicating osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone. This paper describes a case of skull base osteoradionecrosis, including necrosis of the tympanic membrane, associated with CSF otorrhea. Successful control of this complication was achieved using a translabyrinthine approach to locate the fistula, which originated from the internal auditory canal and was discharging through the middle ear via the oval window. The leak was sealed, the resultant mastoid cavity was obliterated by rotation of a temporalis muscle flap, and the external auditory canal was closed by the Fisch technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the temporal bone.

Metastatic carcinoma involving the temporal bone is an unusual occurrence. A review of the world literature reveals a total of 102 reported cases. Secondary cancers of the temporal bone arise most frequently from mammary, renal, and bronchogenic carcinomas, all of which show a tendency to metastasize to bone. The pathogenesis of spread to the temporal bone is most commonly by the hematogenous route, but extension from intracranial involvement has also been noted. The symptoms of facial nerve paralysis, otalgia, and aural discharge are consistently associated with patients found to have aural cancers. These symptoms are, however, most frequently indicative of mastoid infection; it is therefore, imperative to consider the possibility of a malignant neoplasm in patients with these symptoms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Electroneurography: preoperative facial nerve assessment for tumors of the temporal bone.

Tumors of the temporal bone and cerebellopontine angle may be associated with subclinical facial nerve degeneration, despite clinically normal facial function. To determine if preoperative neurophysiologic testing might predict postoperative facial function after tumor surgery, preoperative facial electroneurography (ENoG) was performed in 82 patients with confirmed tumors of the temporal bone and cerebellopontine angle. In patients with acoustic neuroma, preoperative ENoG amplitude reduction varied directly with tumor size. In addition, a statistically significant association between impaired postoperative facial function and acoustic neuroma size greater than 2.5 cm was found. However, preoperative ENoG amplitude reduction did not accurately predict postoperative facial function. These findings suggest that factors, such as the type and size of tumor, the microanatomic relationship between the facial nerve and the neoplasm, and/or desynchronization of the evoked motor-unit volley, may effect results obtained with ENoG in this setting.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucormycosis of the temporal bone.

Mucormycosis of the temporal bone is described in a 60-year-old female with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus whose symptoms related to cranial nerve palsies and hearing loss, following spread of infection from the nasopharynx. The infection spread along the eustachian tube and tensor tympani muscle to the base of the skull, involving the internal carotid artery with mycotic thrombosis and rupture. Subsequent spread occurred from this area predominantly along nerve pathways and as mycotic emboli in blood vessels of the labyrinth and middle ear. Infection also spread from the anterior middle ear wall through the oval window into the vestibule. The temporal bone changes were those of granulomatous inflammation with necrosis and ischemic infarction.

Ear, Middle↗
PubMed1995

Usher syndrome. A temporal bone report.

The bilateral temporal bones of a deceased 84-year-old man who had been suffering from Usher syndrome were examined using light microscopy. Histopathologic examination disclosed degeneration of the organ of Corti that was most profound in the basal turn, degeneration of cochlear neurons in all of the turns, and severe loss of spiral ganglia in both cochleas. Endolymphatic hydrops of unknown cause and a functionally unimportant pit malformation in the macular utricle were observed in the right cochlea. We compared the aforementioned findings with temporal bone reports cited in the literature.

Aged↗