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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Statistical power in physical anthropology: a technical report.

A statistical power analysis of The American Journal of Physical Anthropology (Volume 44, 1976) was conducted. Twenty-five articles, which included 3,304 major significance tests, constituted the final sample. Resultant power estimates of 0.38, 0.62, and 0.81, corresponding to small, medium, and large population effects respectively, were obtained. Although the medium effect size estimate falls short of the recommended 0.80 level, the statistical power of physical anthropological research fares well relative to several of the social scientific fields of inquiry.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed1984

Technical report: a method for recovering the palmar and plantar pads of small primate cadaver specimens for dermatoglyphic analysis.

A method for recovering dermatoglyphic data from tamarin cadavers is described. The method involves the complete removal of the palmar and plantar pads with no destruction to the underlying skeletal elements. Once recovered, the pads are stored in a formalin solution. The stored pads of 213 individuals have remained in a good state of preservation for dermatoglyphic analysis for over four years.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Initial experience with the disarticulated (one-half) Palmaz-Schatz stent: a technical report.

We developed an alternative method to stent suitable lesions located in anatomical settings considered to be too complex for regular Palmaz-Schatz stent placement. This method consists of using a disarticulated (one-half) Palmaz-Schatz stent. Eight patients underwent stenting utilizing this method. The left anterior descending was stented in five patients, the right coronary artery in one patient, the proximal and mid shaft of a vein graft in one patient, and a protected left main coronary artery in one patient. In all patients the stents were placed in addition to full stents. In four patients, 1 1/2 stents were placed; two patients had 2 1/2 stents; one patient had 3 1/2 stents and the last patient had a total of 5 stents placed (1 full stent and 8 half stents). One patient had 8 disarticulated stents placed. All half stents prepared for delivery were successfully deployed to the pre-designated angiographic site without complication.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1995

An analysis of the National Toxicology Program's (NTP) Technical Report (NTP TR 421) on the toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of talc.

The NTP toxicology and carcinogenicity studies of nonasbestiform, cosmetic-grade talc (the NTP Talc Report) were conducted by exposing male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice to target aerosol concentrations of 0, 6, and 18 mg/m3 talc for 6 hr daily, 5 days per week. Based on results of the high dose, the Report concluded that talc caused lung tumors in female rats and pheochromocytomas in male and female rats, and there was no evidence of carcinogenic activity in mice. A thorough evaluation of lung toxicity revealed that talc-induced lung tumors occurred only in the group of animals that exhibited the most profound degree of chronic toxicity. However, these data were presented as empirical observations rather than discussed in a manner that would relate them to the risk assessment implications of the bioassay, i.e., relevant data were collected but not "used." In addition, the evaluation of the pheochromocytomas was inadequate because it failed to place sufficient emphasis on the spontaneous incidence of this tumor in rats. These deficiencies caused the author to vote against the conclusions presented in the Talc Report when it was reviewed by the NTP Board of Scientific Counselors. The appropriate conclusions are (1) the data do not indicate that the pheochromocytomas were treatment-related; (2) the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was exceeded in the female rats exposed to the high dose; and (3) talc is not expected to cause lung tumors under conditions of exposure that fail to result in marked chronic lung toxicity.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

A video-angiometer for simultaneous and continuous measurement of inner and outer vessel diameters. Technical report.

A system is described for continuously measuring vessel diameters. It bases on the evaluation of video signal differences of a video camera which are induced by light intensity differences (grey levels) caused by the vascular wall structures. The system is electronically linear, automatically measuring and in addition eyeball controlled by the human sensor: the inaccuracy does not exceed the 5% level.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1996

Ablation of neural tissue by short-pulsed lasers--a technical report.

The basis for most laser applications in neurosurgery is the conversion of laser light into heat when the incident laser beam is absorbed by the tissue. Irradiation of neural tissue with laser light therefore leads to its thermal damage. However, due to the diffusion of heat energy into the surrounding tissue, often there is thermal damage to neural tissue outside the area of the target volume. These are the characteristics of thermal laser/tissue interaction. In this paper we discuss how we used three different short-pulsed lasers to achieve non-thermal ablation of neural tissue. Three different short-pulsed lasers were used to generate ultrashort laser pulses in the picosecond to femtosecond range. The interaction of such laser pulses with tissue was predicted to be nonthermal. The short-pulsed lasers were used for the ablation of neural tissue using an in vitro calf brain model. The histopathological examination of the lesions revealed that the neural tissue had been removed very precisely without any sign of thermal damage to the surrounding tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Circular stereotactic callosotomy: a preliminary report. Technical note.

The authors propose a new method for performing stereotactic callosotomy, which they have named circular callosotomy. The operating device is the original Riechert-Mundinger's string electrode, which can be protruded through a side window and by rotating the probe it is possible to cut the commisural pathways to the extent required. The anatomical results of the operation can be checked using MRI scanning.

Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1980

Technical report--a new chamber technique for microvascular studies in unanesthetized hamsters.

An experimental model was designed for direct, quantitative studies of hemodynamic and morphologic parameters in the microcirculation. It consists of implanting a modified Algire chamber in the dorsal skin flap of hamsters and the implementation of two permanent catheters in jugular vein and carotid artery. The microcirculation was studied using intravital microscopy and television techniques for in situ measurements of blood cell velocity and vascular diameters. Due to the poor contrast between blood cells, blood capillaries and surrounding s.c. tissue, microvascular beds were visualized using fluorescent microscopy after i.v. injection of 0.2 ml of 5% FITC-Dextran 150. The combination of optical elements and low amounts of FITC-Dextran improved the contrast of the televised image without changing macro- and micro-hemodynamic parameters, and blood plasma was delineated as bright structure against the substantially darker background of red blood cells and surrounding tissue. This permitted the quantitative study of practically all blood vessels within a given field of s.c. tissue in unanesthetized animals. Blood cell velocity in arterioles was 0.7-1.1 mm/s, 0.2-0.7 mm/s in midcapillaries and reached 0.6 mm/s in collecting venules. Since i.v. injection of drugs and systemic pressure measurements are possible in this model, it provides a unique means for studying the reactivity of the microcirculation over a prolonged period.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Laparoscopic pancreas-preserving total gastrectomy for proximal gastric cancer. A case and technical report.

Although total gastrectomy with distal pancreatectomy has been the standard surgical treatment for advanced gastric cancer, this procedure is frequently complicated by leakage of pancreatic juice and postoperative diabetes mellitus. We present the case of a 74-year-old woman with proximal gastric cancer who underwent a laparoscopic modification of an open pancreas-preserving procedure first described by Maruyama et al. in 1995. With this novel technique, there is no pancreatic leakage, and at 12-month follow-up our patient remains free of diabetes. Herein we give the details of our new method and offer some caveats for its performance.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Ventral cervical fusion at multiple levels using free vascularized double-islanded fibula - a technical report and review of the relevant literature.

Reconstruction of the cervical spine using free vascularized bone flaps has been described in the literature. The reports involve either one level or, when multiple levels, they describe en bloc resection and reconstruction. Stabilization of different levels with a preserved intermediate segment with a single vascularized flap has not been described. We report on the case of a 55-year-old man, who had been operated several times using conventional techniques for cervical myelopathy and instability, who presented to us with severe neck pain. Diagnostic procedures showed pseudarthrosis of C3/4 and stress-overload of the C3/4 and C5/6 segments. The C4/5 fusion was adequately rigid, but avascular. We performed anterior cervical fusion at the C3/4 and C5/6 levels with a vascularized fibula flap modified as a double island. The rigidly fused C4/5 block was preserved and vascularized with the periosteum bridging the two fibular islands. The method and technique are described in detail. Fusion was adequate. Donor site morbidity was minimal and temporary. The patient is symptom free to date (25 months). The suggested method provides the possibility of vertebral fusion at different levels using a single vascularized flap. The indications for this procedure are (1) repeated failure of conventional methods, (2) established poor bone healing and bone non-union with avascular grafts and (3) a well-fused or preserved intermediate segment. The relevant literature is reviewed.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed2004

Bench test assessment of the new Raumedic Neurovent-P ICP sensor: a technical report by the BrainIT group.

BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, fiberberoptic and piezo-electric ICP probes are often used for measuring intracranial pressure (ICP). A number of similar technologies, although performing well in bench test studies, have been shown to exhibit unacceptable zero drift, fragility or both during trials conducted under clinical conditions. Recently, a new technology has become available, the Neurovent-P (Raumedic AG + CO, Raumedic, Germany). As a pre-requisite for a clinical trial, we have conducted and report on bench test studies to confirm the manufacturer's long term zero-drift performance for this technology. METHOD: In a test rig static tests (recording of 20 mmHg pressure) and dynamic tests, ranging from 5 to 50 mmHg have been performed. FINDINGS: 10 ICP probes have been tested for a total of 60 days. All the catheters, after the connection with the ICU monitor displayed a static pressure of 0 +/- 1 mmHg and did not required pre-insertion alteration. At five days, mean zero drift was 0.6 +/- 0.9 mmHg. Overall, zero drift ranged from 0 to 2 mmHg. At a fixed static pressure of 20 mmHg, the mean recorded value was 20.6 +/- 0.8 mmHg, ranging from 19 to 23 mmHg. A regression analysis of the relationship between the applied pressure and the recorded pressure during the dynamic tests of the 10 catheters yielded a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.997. Applying the Altman and Bland method to assess the bias and confidence limits for the Raumedic catheter responses during the dynamic tests against the applied gold-standard hydrostatic column pressures, the average bias of -0.66 +/- 0.85 mmHg, with 95% CLs of -2 mmHg and 1 mmHg. CONCLUSIONS: Mean zero drift, after five days, was very small and long-term continuous recording of a stable pressure was very precise. The response at dynamic tests, i.e. the changes of pressure in a wide range, was excellent. The average bias of the Raumedic catheter compared with the hydrostatic column is very small. After this bench test, the next and most critical step will be to conduct a trial of this promising technology under more demanding clinical environment.

Calibration↗
PubMed2006

A quick-solidifying, coloured silicone mixture for injecting into brains for autopsy: technical report.

The injection of cadaver brains is invaluable for anatomic study, but cadavers that have been properly handled are not easy to obtain. A large number of cadavers pass through forensic departments around the world, and these cadavers could provide hundreds of research specimens, though they remain in the forensic unit for only a short time. The injection of a silicone mixture that quickly solidifies during autopsy would provide greater numbers of fresh specimens for study. The authors describe a technique for injecting a self-curing silicone mixture that can be used on autopsy specimens in a forensic unit. This technique does not interfere with routine autopsy findings. We describe the preparation of the mixture and autopsy specimens, the injection process, and the method for removing injected brains from cadavers. The solidifying process took a 1-h duration in this injection method and was in accord with autopsy procedure. The arterial bed was satisfactorily filled, and even small perforating branches and pial anastomoses were well demonstrated. Injecting autopsy specimens with the quick-solidifying silicone mixture allows anatomical studies of specimens even from cadavers admitted to forensic departments for only a short time. This method can provide neurosurgery laboratories with sufficient numbers of specimens appropriate for various studies.

Autopsy↗