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PubMed1992

The relationship between preintubation lidocaine and postanesthesia sore throat.

A sore throat is the most frequent adverse side effect of general anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between intravenous lidocaine given during induction of general endotracheal anesthesia and postanesthesia sore throat. In addition, the study examined selected variables (bucking; gender; smoking; type of laryngoscope blade; and use of succinylcholine, condenser-humidifiers, or analgesic medication during the previous hour) in relation to the occurrence of postoperative sore throat. Variables typically associated with postoperative sore throat, including endotracheal tube lubricant, endotracheal tube cuff geometry, endotracheal tube size, local anesthetic spray to the trachea, traumatic intubation, postoperative mechanical ventilation, nasal intubation, nasogastric tubes, and nasal airways, were controlled. The researcher administered the visual analogue scale to 139 subjects at 21 to 27 hours following termination of the anesthetic in order to rate sore throat. A retrospective chart review provided data on the variables selected for study and those that were controlled. Chi-square and independent t-tests revealed that a decrease in the severity of the sore throat, as recorded on the visual analogue scale, was significantly related to use of intravenous lidocaine and condenser-humidifiers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Do colostrum tablets have a symptomatic effect on sore throat?].

BACKGROUND: Throat infections are common conditions in general practice. Pain and discomfort can be considerable in all kinds of throat infections and it would be of great clinical relevance to find out if either of the two types of colostrum tablets sold over the counter in Norway shortens the duration of symptoms in throat infections not caused by group A streptococci. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was prospective, double-blinded, randomised and placebo-controlled. 148 adult patients with sore throat were recruited in five Norwegian military camps during the winters 1999-2001. The main outcome measures were the degree of sore throat and malaise as experienced by the patients, measured by visual analogue scale, and the number of days until recovery. The patients were divided in three groups who received either one of the two brands of tablets or placebo which they would use more or less continuously until recovery. RESULTS: 148 patients completed the study. Patients in all three groups reported a reduction of pain on the visual analogue scale of approximately 50% after 6 days. There were no significant differences in pain reduction between the groups. As to malaise, the Curamed group had a somewhat lower, non-significant start value and also experienced less reduction in symptoms. The differences between the groups were not significant. There was no significant difference between the groups as to the duration of pain until recovery. INTERPRETATION: In this study we found no symptomatic effect of neither of the colostrum tablets used by patients with sore throat.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Quality improvement in anesthetic practice--incidence of sore throat after using small tracheal tube.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Sore throat following surgery is common and is due to multitude of factors. The highest incidence of sore throat tends to occur in patients who have undergone tracheal intubation. Between 14.4% to 50% of intubated patients complain of sore throat and hoarseness in the immediate postoperative period, 3% of them are still hoarse after a week. This contributes to higher incidence of postoperative morbidity and patient dissatisfaction of the service. A prospective study was conducted to demonstrate the incidence of hoarseness and sore throat following the use of small tracheal tubes. METHODS: Adult patients, 16 years old and above, presented for tonsillectomy, nasal surgery and/or for functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) were included in the study. Patients who had signs of, common cold were excluded from the study. Size 7-7.5 mm cuffed tracheal tube was used in males and size 6-6.5 mm in females. Patients were asked during 24 hours postoperatively about the presence of hoarseness of voice and of their satisfaction of the service. RESULTS: There were 1618 patients 883 males and 735 females, ages: 16-62 yrs included in the study between February 2000 and end of May 2003. 189 (11.7%) developed postoperative hoarseness of voice and 1429 (88.3%) did not have hoarseness or sore throat (P = 0.0001). Patient satisfaction was 95%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of small tube in intubating the trachea, together with other measures such as lubricating the tube with water soluble jelly, careful airway instrumentation, intubation only when patient was fully relaxed, careful suctioning technique, and extubation when the tracheal tube cuff was fully deflated, have dramatic effects on minimizing the incidence of postoperative hoarseness and sore throat. Accordingly, patient satisfaction has been reported to be high.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Effectiveness of lubrication of endotracheal tube cuff with chamomile-extract for prevention of postoperative sore throat and hoarseness.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To determine the efficacy of lubrication of the endotracheal tube cuff with Chamomile extract (Kamillosan M) before intubation on postoperative sore throat and hoarseness. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The authors randomly assigned 161 patients ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status I, II elective surgical, orthopedic, gynecological or urological into 2 groups. The study group received 10 puffs of total 370 mg of Chamomile extract (Kamillosan M spray) lubricated at cuff of endotracheal tube while the control group did not receive any lubrication before intubation. Standard general anesthesia with tracheal intubation was given in both groups. Sore throat and hoarseness were recorded in post anesthetic care unit and at 24 h after operation. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-one ASA physical status I, II elective surgical patients were recruited. Forty one out of 81 patients (50.6%) in the Chamomile group, scored no postoperative sore throat in the post-anesthesia care unit compared with 45 out of 80 patients (56.3%) in the control group p=0.386. Postoperative sore throat and hoarseness both in the postanesthesia care unit and at 24 h postoperation were not statistically different. There was no statistically significant relationship between sore throat or hoarseness and postoperative nausea or vomiting, ASA physical status, gender, history of smoking, grade of laryngoscopic view, number of intubation attempts, condition during intubation, use of oral airway and couching during extubation. CONCLUSION: Lubrication of endotracheal tube cuff with Chamomile extract spray before intubation can not prevent post operative sore throat and hoarseness.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Speech intelligibility in noise using throat and acoustic microphones.

INTRODUCTION: Helicopter cockpits are very noisy and this noise must be reduced for effective communication. The standard U.S. Army aviation helmet is equipped with a noise-canceling acoustic microphone, but some ambient noise still is transmitted. Throat microphones are not sensitive to air molecule vibrations and thus, transmittal of ambient noise is reduced. It is possible that throat microphones could enhance speech communication in helicopters, but speech intelligibility with the devices must first be assessed. In the current study, speech intelligibility of signals generated by an acoustic microphone, a throat microphone, and by the combined output of the two microphones was assessed using the Modified Rhyme Test (MRT). METHODS: Stimulus words were recorded in a reverberant chamber with ambient broadband noise intensity at 90 and 106 dBA. Listeners completed the MRT task in the same settings, thus simulating the typical environment of a rotary-wing aircraft. RESULTS: Results show that speech intelligibility is significantly worse for the throat microphone (average percent correct = 55.97) than for the acoustic microphone (average percent correct = 69.70), particularly for the higher noise level. In addition, no benefit is gained by simultaneously using both microphones. A follow-up experiment evaluated different consonants using the Diagnostic Rhyme Test and replicated the MRT results. DISCUSSION: The current results show that intelligibility using throat microphones is poorer than with the use of boom microphones in noisy and in quiet environments. Therefore, throat microphones are not recommended for use in any situation where fast and accurate speech intelligibility is essential.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1990

[Injuries or diseases of the ear, nose and throat encountered at a casualty department. A one-year caseload].

All of the casualty department records for the period 1.1.1987-31.12.1987 from the Casualty Department in Frederiksberg Hospital were reviewed, a total of 25,064. 4.7% or, 1,183 of these concerned injuries or disease in the ear, nose or throat. The frequency of attendances on account of ear, nose and throat injuries or disease was found to be 1.08% for persons resident in the municipality of Frederiksberg. The total material consisted of 55.5% boys or men and 44.5% girls or woman. 24% were in the age group 0-14 years and 15.2% 70 years or more. Attendances in June to August for these conditions were significantly fewer. 20.1% of the cases were brought to hospital by ambulance. Violence was involved in 6.9% of all the cases of ear, nose and throat conditions. Epistaxis was the commonest diagnosis and comprized 14.8% of all cases of ear, nose and throat conditions. The next commonest diagnoses were contusions of the face, head and neck which comprized 10.8% and these were followed by fracture of the nose with 7.2%. These were followed by otitis media which occurred particularly frequently in children like pseudocroup and foreign bodies in the nose. 10% were referred for x-ray examination via the casualty department. 10.8% were admitted and, in addition, 38.6% were examined or followed-up in the Ear, Nose and Throat Department. 12.3% were referred to their general practitioners and 3.6% to practising ear, nose and throat specialists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

A five-year experience with throat cultures.

This study addresses the usefulness of the throat culture in a family practice residency setting and explores the following questions: (1) Do faculty physicians clinically identify streptococcal pharyngitis better than residents? (2) With time, will residents and faculty physicians improve in their diagnostic accuracy? (3) Should the throat culture be used always, selectively, or never? A total of 3,982 throat cultures were obtained over a five-year study period with 16 percent positive for beta-hemolytic streptococci. The results were compared with the physician's clinical diagnosis of either "nonstreptococcal" (category A) or "streptococcal" (category B). Within category A, 363 of 3,023 patients had positive cultures (12 percent clinical diagnostic error rate). Within category B, 665 of 959 patients had negative cultures (69 percent clinical diagnostic error rate). Faculty were significantly better than residents in diagnosing streptococcal pharyngitis, but not in diagnosing nonstreptococcal sore throats. Neither faculty nor residents improved their diagnostic accuracy over time. Regarding age-specific recommendations, the findings support utilizing a throat culture in all children aged 2 to 15 years with sore throat, but in adults only when the physician suspects streptococcal pharyngitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Simple and reliable detection of beta-hemolytic streptococci in throat swabs with the streptococcus-isocult].

Culture of throats specimens is essential in the diagnosis of streptococcal tonsillo-pharyngitis. Selective sheep's blood agar media for beta-hemolytic streptococci have been developed to simplify throat streptococcal bacteriology. In this prospective study the reliability and practical performance of a selective medium of this kind, the Isocult culture test for throat streptococci, were evaluated in 226 pediatric patients with the clinical diagnosis of acute tonsillo-pharyngitis. At the time of diagnosis two throat specimens were obtained from each patient; one swab was cultured for group A beta-hemolytic streptococci on standard laboratory media, and the other on the Isocult media. Procedure and interpretation of the two culture methods were carried out independently. In 209 (92.5%) of the 226 patients the two culture results were in agreement, i.e. either positive (19 patients) or negative (190 patients) for group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. In comparison to routine bacteriology the Isocult results showed sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of 86%, 93% and 91%. Neither the performance nor the interpretation of the Isocult method require special bacteriological training or equipment. It is concluded that the Isocult culture test for throat streptococci is a simple and reliable diagnostic tool in the management of patients with sore throat.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Ear, nose, and throat symptoms in patients with TMD: the association of symptoms according to severity of arthropathy.

The association of the severity of temporomandibular arthropathy to ear, nose, and throat symptoms in patients with temporomandibular disorders has been poorly investigated in spite of its importance in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to see whether persons with more severe arthropathy have more ear, nose, and throat symptoms. Anamnestic and clinical evaluations were obtained at admission for 815 subjects with signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders of arthrogenic origin in physical tests. The severity of arthropathy was evaluated by a clinical index scoring joint sounds, tenderness to temporomandibular palpation, and pain severity in the temporomandibular joint region. Univariate analysis showed that the severity of arthropathy was significantly associated with ear, nose, and throat symptoms as a whole (P < .001) and specifically with deafness (P < .001) and dizziness (P < .05); however, tinnitus and earache were not statistically significantly associated. Multiple analysis showed deafness to be the only ear, nose, and throat variable independently associated with severity of arthropathy (P < .01). These findings lead to the conclusion that there is a considerable association between temporomandibular disorders of arthrogenic origin and ear, nose, and throat symptoms, especially deafness. They also suggest that further investigations should be done to compare the specific roles of craniocervical arthritis versus temporomandibular disorders in the etiology of ear, nose, and throat symptoms related to craniomandibular and craniocervical joint involvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Streptococcal sore throat followup program in a hospital clinic, New York City.

To improve followup and treatment of patients with streptococcal sore throat at St. Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center, New York City, a simple and inexpensive method was devised for recalling and treating untreated patients with positive throat cultures and culturing household contacts. The program was conducted by a clinic nurse and a secretary, with only occasional assistance from a physician. All services were free for those without Medicaid coverage. The secretary sent notification letters to all patients with positive cultures urging them to return for treatment and emphasizing the need for their contacts to come for screening. The secretary, trained in the throat culturing technique, also performed the laboratory work on the cultures from contacts. The clinic nurse swabbed the throats of all contacts and administered treatment, according to a standing-order protocol, to all with culture-proved streptococcal sore throat. A comparison of initially untreated patients with positive cultures seen 3 months before and 6 months after the program was started revealed that 46 percent returned for treatment after the notification letter was sent; before the program only 21 percent returned for treatment. No attempt had been made to reach household contacts before the program began. The rate of streptococcal sore throat in contacts was 14 percent, and in the clinic patients it was 11 percent during the first 6 months of the program.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Intermittent throat tightness in a 37-year-old woman.

Intermittent throat tightness with dysphagia can be a complaint with numerous potential underlying causes. It was useful to think of this patient's complaints as secondary to an allergic, neuromuscular, or mechanical/structural disorder. Dysphagia can usually be separated into two broad categories according to location: oropharyngeal or esophageal. The patient typically can help one localize the area of involvement by pointing to the area where the difficulty in swallowing is felt to be present. This patient pointed to the throat area. Helpful diagnostic studies in the evaluation of oropharyngeal dysphagia include barium swallow with cine-esophagogram, rhinopharyngoscopy, or upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. It was interesting that this patient was referred to the Allergy Service because a physician felt that intermittent laryngeal angioedema was also a possible consideration. It is known that dysphagia, hoarseness, and sensations of throat tightness or closing frequently accompany this entity. The finding of a palpable thyroid was the clue that further evaluation of this organ was also indicated. Alfonso et al have reported on tracheal or esophageal compression secondary to benign thyroid disease. In their series, goiter, though previously felt to be associated with a low incidence, was reported to have an overall high incidence. Of the several types of thyroid disease encountered, they noted thyroiditis was associated with the highest likelihood of compression and a 67% frequency of associated obstruction. Our patient's scan and uptake findings are consistent with thyroiditis although multinodular goiter may occasionally show similar results. This case reminds us that in the differential of laryngeal angioedema and complaints associated with the throat or referred in the throat area, local extrinsic compression secondary to masses should be included. In this patient, a goiter, of which the extent of gland enlargement may not be fully appreciable on physical examination, was determined to be the etiology of her complaints. She was placed on a thyroid hormone suppression treatment regimen. At a followup visit several months later, she noted marked improvement of her symptoms with resolution of her dysphagia and episodes of throat tightness.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A comparison of different endotracheal tubes. Tracheal cuff seal, peak centering and the incidence of postoperative sore throat].

UNLABELLED: The study objective was to evaluate cuff seal, tube tip position and incidence of postoperative sore throat in three different endotracheal tubes: the reusable Rüsch "red rubber" tube (low-volume, high-pressure cuff) and the disposable Rüsch "Super Safety Clear" and Mallinckrodt "lo-pro" tubes (both high-volume, low-pressure cuffs). METHODS: In a prospective randomized trial, 150 consecutive patients scheduled for minor orthopaedic surgery under standardized general anaesthesia, including standardized cuff pressure control, were allocated to one of the three types of endotracheal tube. Leakage and intratracheal tube tip position were investigated by means of fiberoptic tracheoscopy via the endotracheal tube, preceded by pharyngeal instillation of indigocarmine. The semi-standardized interviews for the recording of postoperative sore throat were performed once a day under double-blind conditions from the day of operation to postoperative day 3. Statistical independence testing was based on the chi 2-test, significance was assumed at P < 0.05. MAIN RESULTS: A past-cuff leakage of the pharyngeally instilled dye was found in three patients with "red rubber" tubes. In all of these cases the tracheal cross section deviated markedly from circular. The tips of the "Super Safety Clear" tubes tended to be better centred (P = 0.099). Bad tip position, however, had little influence on postoperative throat complaints (P = 0.394). The differences in incidence of postoperative throat complaints between the "red rubber" (48.9%), "Super Safety Clear" (35.6%) and "lo-pro" tubes (34.1%) did not reach the 5% level (P = 0.288). Such complaints, however, were significantly more frequent in females and in obese patients who exceeded their Broca weights by more than 25%. By contrast, postoperative throat complaints did not vary statistically significantly by age group, tracheal cross-sectional shape, use of atropine or duration of intubation. CONCLUSION: Despite the economic (usable up to 100 times) and ecological (less PVC waste) advantages of the rubber tube, the disposable tubes with high-volume, low-pressure cuffs tended to be superior regarding cuff seal, tube tip position and incidence of postoperative throat complaints. Nevertheless, the continued use of "red rubber" type reusable tubes may be justified in cases where the tube has to stay in place for only a short time.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Do patients with sore throat benefit from penicillin? A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial with penicillin V in general practice.

BACKGROUND: The effect of antibiotic therapy in sore throat is questionable and this dilemma has been complicated by the emergence of multiple resistant strains of micro-organisms. AIM: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was undertaken in patients aged 4-60 years to assess the efficacy of penicillin V on the clinical course and bacteriological response in patients with sore throat in general practice. METHOD: Two hundred and thirty-nine patients presenting with an acute sore throat to 37 general practices in the Netherlands who were clinically suspected of group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GABHS) were randomized for treatment with penicillin V (n = 121) or placebo (n = 118). Resolution of sore throat, fever and return to daily activities were evaluated by the general practitioner 2 days after the start of treatment and by the patients keeping a diary for 7 days. The result of throat culture after 2 days was evaluated. RESULTS: A difference in resolution of sore throat was present after 2 days in all patients, but was a result of GABHS-positive patients (n = 111; 46%) in favour of those randomized for penicillin V (adjusted odds ratio 5.3; 95% CI 1.9-15.1). An effect in the course of fever was also seen in GABHS-positive patients (adjusted odds ratio 5.3; 95% CI 1.02-27.7). A difference of 1-2 days was seen in clinical recovery. No difference was found in daily activities between the treatment groups. After 2 days, 4% of the penicillin-treated patients harboured GABHS compared with 75% of the placebo group. CONCLUSION: Only GABHS-positive patients benefit from penicillin V in their clinical cure in the first few days. Therefore, rapid testing is necessary. Treatment may be beneficial with regard to the clinical course, but it is not necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The effect of glycopyrrolate premedication on postoperative sore throat.

Patients given general endotracheal anesthesia commonly experience postoperative sore throat and/or hoarseness. Our study examined whether the occurrence of postoperative sore throat was associated with the use of a glycopyrrolate premedication and found that it was. We randomly assigned 120 patients undergoing general endotracheal anesthesia for routine surgery to receive a preoperative mediation including or excluding glycopyrrolate. We controlled for factors known to increase the risk of a postoperative sore throat. After surgery, an interviewer, unaware of the subject's group assignment, questioned each subject about the presence of a sore throat and, if present, asked the patient to rate its severity. We found that patients who did not receive preoperative glycopyrrolate were significantly less likely to report having a sore throat or reported having a less severe sore throat than patients who did receive glycopyrrolate.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
PubMed2005

Expression of cathelicidin in recurrent throat infection.

BACKGROUND: Epithelial cells can be called the first line of a defense barrier to microorganisms by the innate immune system. The antimicrobial peptides are the major participants of this system. Cathelicidins are a family of peptides thought to provide an innate defensive barrier against a variety of potential microbial pathogens. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the expression of the cathelicidin in recurrent throat infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining were performed for 10 palatine tonsil tissues with hypertrophy and 10 palatine tonsil tissues with recurrent throat infection. RESULTS: Cathelicidin mRNA transcripts were detected in recurrent throat infection. The expression levels of cathelicidin mRNA in recurrent throat infection was significantly higher compared with those in hypertrophic tonsils. Cathelicidin protein was localized on the tonsillar surface epithelium and inflammatory cells in the tonsillar crypt of recurrent throat infection patients. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that cathelicidin is one of antimicrobial peptides in the human palatine tonsils, and that cathelicidin may also play an important role in innate host defense of human tonsils.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Rescue treatment and prevention of asthma using magnesium throat lozenges: Hypothesis for a mouth-lung biologically closed electric circuit.

In the rescue treatment of acute asthma, injected and inhalant magnesium are relatively weak having demonstrated value only in severe illness, although theoretical and laboratory considerations suggest that magnesium should be strongly effective as an asthma rescue agent. It was hypothesized that a mouth-lung biologically closed electric circuit (BCEC) exists capable of nearly instantly transporting positively charged magnesium ions from the mouth and throat into the lungs. One hundred milligram magnesium (magnesium chloride) 4-g throat lozenges producing 100+ mM magnesium ion concentration in saliva were tested to determine if they had beneficial effects in asthma rescue and prevention. Subjects were selected based solely on need for asthma rescue, and lozenges were used as needed. Case histories are presented showing the nearly immediate effect of magnesium chloride throat lozenges in terminating and preventing asthma attacks. Throat lozenges containing magnesium chloride produced much more rapid and stronger benefits than has been reported for inhaled and injected magnesium. An added benefit from magnesium chloride lozenge treatment of asthma was relaxation. In this first report of its kind, magnesium chloride throat lozenges appeared to provide rescue benefits in the treatment of asthma equivalent to pharmaceutical asthma drugs. Countering these benefits, strong ionic magnesium solutions greatly increase rhinovirus, herpesvirus and Candida albicans in vitro, and appear to worsen these infections in humans. Magnesium lozenges releasing concentrated magnesium ions appear contraindicated during common colds, oral herpes infections, chronic rhinosinusitis, oral and respiratory infections in general, and their use must immediately be terminated if respiratory or oral symptoms worsen. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trials in people without respiratory or oral infections are needed to determine magnesium lozenge safety, and the extent by which drug treatment of asthma can be reduced.

Asthma↗
PubMed2006

Reducing variation in antibacterial prescribing rates for 'cough/cold' and sore throat between 1993 and 2001: regional analyses using the general practice research database.

OBJECTIVE: To use the General Practice Research Database (GPRD) to explore the regional variation in prescribing for single diagnostic episodes of 'cough/cold' and sore throat and how this changed between 1993 and 2001. METHODS: Data from the GPRD was used to conduct a longitudinal survey of morbidity and antibiotic prescribing data. RESULTS: Nationally there has been a substantial reduction in diagnosed episodes per 1000 patient years at risk for both diagnoses: from 104.6 (104.0-105.2) to 86.5 (86.0-86.9) for cough/cold (-17.3%) and from 102.8 (102.2-103.4) to 69.2 (68.8-69.6) for sore throat (-32.6%). In addition to the changes in diagnostic rate there have been reductions in diagnosis-related prescribing: from 41.8% to 34.8% of cough/cold episodes (-7.0%) and from 77.3% to 60.8% of sore throat episodes (-16.4%). These aggregated data conceal wide regional variations. For cough/cold the change in prescribing rate during the study varied from -16.0% to +5.3% and for sore throat from -28.3% to -7.3%. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to a substantial reduction in diagnosis of cough/cold and sore throat, there has been a reduction in diagnosis-related prescribing episodes in almost all regions. Although there continues to be regional variation in diagnosis-related prescribing this has reduced substantially over the 9-year study period.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

Lidocaine in the endotracheal tube cuff reduces postoperative sore throat.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that continuous application of local anesthesia at the contact area between the endotracheal tube cuff and trachea would reduce both the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat by blocking the tracheal pain receptors with local anesthetic delivered via endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff. DESIGN: Double-blind randomized study. SETTING: University affiliate hospital. PATIENTS: 106 ASA physical status I and II patients. INTERVENTIONS: Patients' ETT cuffs were inflated with either air or lidocaine. The cuffs of the lidocaine group were prefilled with lidocaine for 90 minutes prior to intubation to saturate the cuff membrane. One hour and 24 hours following extubation, patients were asked about the presence and severity of postoperative sore throat. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: There was no difference between groups in demographics or anesthetic management. The incidence of sore throat was significantly different at the 24-hour evaluation (59% air vs. 32% lidocaine, p = 0.01). Severity of sore throat was significantly worse with air at both evaluation periods (1 hour = 18.7 +/- 27.0 air vs. 7.90 +/- 18.1 lidocaine, p = 0.02; 24 hours = 25.6 +/- 27.5 air vs. 14.5 +/- 24.8 lidocaine, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Using lidocaine to inflate the ETT cuff decreases the severity of postoperative sore throat at one hour, and both the incidence and severity at 24 hours.

Adult↗