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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Set-up of a decision support system to support sustainable development of the Laguna de Bay, Philippines.

Over recent decades, population expansion, deforestation, land conversion, urbanisation, intense fisheries and industrialisation have produced massive changes in the Laguna de Bay catchment, Philippines. The resulting problems include rapid siltation of the lake, eutrophication, inputs of toxics, flooding problems and loss of biodiversity. Rational and systematic resolution of conflicting water use and water allocation interests is now urgently needed in order to ensure sustainable use of the water resources. With respect to the competing and conflicting pressures on the water resources, the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) needs to achieve comprehensive management and development of the area. In view of these problems and needs, the Government of the Netherlands was funding a two-year project entitled 'Sustainable Development of the Laguna de Bay Environment'.A comprehensive tool has been developed to support decision-making at catchment level. This consists of an ArcView GIS-database linked to a state-of-the-art modelling suite, including hydrological and waste load models for the catchment area and a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model (Delft3D) linked to a habitat evaluation module for the lake. In addition, MS Office based tools to support a stakeholder analysis and financial and economic assessments have been developed. The project also focused on technical studies relating to dredging, drinking water supply and infrastructure works. These aimed to produce technically and economically feasible solutions to water quantity and quality problems. The paper also presents the findings of a study on the development of polder islands in the Laguna de Bay, addressing the water quantity and quality problems and focusing on the application of the decision support system.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed2003

Small water and wastewater systems: pathways to sustainable development?

Globally we are faced with billions of people without access to safe water and adequate sanitation. These are generally located in developing communities. Even in developed communities the current large scale systems for supplying water, collecting wastewater and treating it are not environmentally sustainable, because it is difficult to close the cycle of water and nutrients. This paper discusses the advantages of small scale water and wastewater systems in overcoming the difficulties in providing water and wastewater systems in developing communities and in achieving sustainability in both developed and developing communities. Particular attention is given to technology and technology choice, even though technology alone does not provide the complete answer. Disadvantages of small scale systems and how they may be overcome are discussed.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed2003

Harmonizing water management and social needs: a necessary condition for sustainable development. The case of Israel's coastal aquifer.

This study focuses on the problem of most efficiently fulfilling the water requirements of society for sustainable water resources management. The goal is to coordinate effectively the social needs of the resident population with operational water resources management planning.The proposed approach consists of a pyramidal hierarchy of water resource management needs, similar to that suggested by psychologist Abraham Maslow for human social needs. The two pyramidal hierarchies can be simultaneously employed to delineate guidelines to synchronize planning for sustainable water resources development with the concerns and expectations of the resident population. In both hierarchies, higher level needs remain irrelevant and difficult to attain until lower level needs of the resident population have been fulfilled. Management planning measures employed with regard to Israel's coastal aquifer have been used to illustrate this approach. Observation of Israel's experience indicates markedly reduced effectiveness where such measures have failed to be properly synchronised with societal needs. Conversely, where hydrological management measures were successfully synchronized with societal concerns, increased efficiency towards attaining sustainable groundwater management was evident.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed1982

Prospective study of predictive factors determining borderline hypertensive individuals who develop sustained hypertension: prognostic value of increased diastolic orthostatic blood pressure tilt-test response and subsequent weight gain.

Repeat hemodynamic determinations in supine and tilting positions were performed in 23 young men with borderline hypertension (HBP). The mean duration of follow-up was 48 months. During the study 11 patients had no change in hemodynamic parameters (group II), while 12 patients exhibited significant increase in systolic (p less than 0.001) and mean (p less than 0.01) arterial pressures (BP) and in body weight (p less than 0.05) (group I). In this latter group, the initial hemodynamic pattern included supine elevations in cardiac output (CO) and heart rate (HR) and significant increase in diastolic orthostatic BP. After follow-up, the group I primary supine increases in CO and HR were followed by secondary supine increases in total peripheral resistance (p less than 0.01) and systolic (p less than 0.001) and mean (p less than 0.01) BP with lower CO (p less than 0.05) and HR (p less than 0.001). In addition, it was shown during long-term follow-up in group I patients that : (1) the increase in systolic BP per unit age was negatively correlated with initial age (p less than 0.001), (2) the increase in BP was positively correlated with weight gain (p less than 0.05), and (3) the diastolic orthostatic hypertension disappeared. This study provides evidence that, in patients with borderline HBP having supine elevations of CO and HR, the subsequent development of sustained HBP can be expected, with follow-up observation of lower supine HR and disappearance of diastolic orthostatic hypertension accompanied by rapid weight gain.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Bellagio statement on tobacco and sustainable development.

Representatives of international, national and scientific organizations met in Bellagio, Italy, in June 1995 to examine the implications of global trends in tobacco production and consumption. The 22 participants agreed that a growing pandemic of tobacco use poses a major threat to sustainable and equitable development in low-income countries. The international Development Research Centre was invited to lead a roundtable consultative process to devise a broad-based funding strategy to promote action on tobacco control.

Developing Countries↗
PubMed2005

Sustainable development of food production: a case study on scenarios for pig production.

To study future, sustainable production systems, a step-wise method was used to create three future scenarios for pig production based on different sustainability goals. The first scenario focused on animal welfare and the natural behavior of the animals. The second targeted low impacts on the environment and the efficient use of natural resources. The third scenario aimed at product quality and safety. Each scenario fulfilled different aspects of sustainability, but there were goal conflicts because no scenario fulfilled all sustainability goals. The scenarios were then parameterized. The environmental impact was calculated using the life-cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, and the economic cost was calculated from the same data set. The cost per kilo of pork was highest for the animal welfare scenario and similar for the other two scenarios. The environmental scenario had the lowest environmental impact, and the product-quality scenario the highest. The results are discussed based on different future priorities.

Animal Welfare↗
PubMed2004

[Organic agriculture and sustainable development].

Basing on the research and practice of organic agriculture at home and abroad, this paper discussed the objectives of developing green food and the principles that must be persisted in the practice in China. In the light of the arguments concerning with sustainable agriculture, we also discussed the significance of "alternative agriculture" in theory and practice. Compared with conventional high-intensity agriculture, the production approaches of organic alternatives can improve soil fertility and have fewer detrimental effects on the environment. It is unclear whether conventional agriculture can be sustained because of the shortcomings presented in this paper, and it has taken scientists approximately one century to research and practice organic farming as a representative of alternative agriculture. The development of green food in China has only gone through more than ten years, and there would be some practical and theoretical effects on the development of China's green food if we exploit an environment-friendly production pattern of organic agriculture which majors in keeping human health and maintaining sustainable agriculture.

Agriculture↗