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Results for “Social Behavior Disorders”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

An open pilot study of citalopram for behavioral disturbances of dementia. Plasma levels and real-time observations.

Citalopram, in European studies, has shown some early promise for treatment of poststroke depression and behavioral complications of dementia. An open pilot study of citalopram was conducted in 16 patients with dementia and behavioral disturbances. Citalopram was well tolerated by 13 of the patients, and 9 had a clinically impressive response. A significant overall mean reduction in disruptive vocalizations was observed by means of a novel technique of computer-assisted real-time observation. The mean citalopram plasma level-to-dose ratio was found to be twice that previously reported in younger patients. These pilot findings should encourage future placebo concentration-controlled trials.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neighborhood income and physical and social disorder in Canada: associations with young children's competencies.

This study examined the association of census level, observational, and parent-reported neighborhood characteristics on the verbal and behavioral competencies of a national sample of Canadian preschoolers (N = 3,350). Children's verbal ability scores were positively associated with residing in neighborhoods with affluent residents and negatively associated with residing in neighborhoods with poor residents and in neighborhoods with low cohesion, even after controlling for family socioeconomic factors. Behavior problem scores were higher when children lived in neighborhoods that had fewer affluent residents, high unemployment rates, and neighborhoods with low cohesion, after controlling for family socioeconomic factors. These findings are discussed in light of neighborhood studies of children in the United States in the mid-1990s.

Aggression↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of an intensive therapy program for treatment of severe behavioral disorders in mentally handicapped patients with autistic or psychotic behavior].

The development of severely disturbed and socially accepted behavior in mentally handicapped persons with autistic or psychotic symptoms is documented before, during and after an intensive therapy program conducted in a residential institution for mentally handicapped persons. Seven single case studies were made as long term observation with a duration between 18 and 33 weeks, mostly with a multiple baseline design. One or two follow ups with at least four weeks length were conducted in six out of seven cases up to four years after the end of the intensive therapy. The main results show (1) the decrease of disturbed behavior and the increase of socially accepted behavior during the therapy program, and (2) the significant reduction of the disturbed behavior patterns taking place during the baseline phase before the beginning of the therapy in all cases but one. The results are discussed under the aspects of a possible explanation for the findings and their impact on the discussion about psychotherapy research.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

A guide to differentiated developmental diagnosis with a case demonstrating its use.

The great influx of children needing assessment has presented all diagnosticians with a large body of patients whose conflicts are relatively unfamiliar ones. These children do not fit into the expectable pattern of normal development, nor is an adult-oriented frame of reference of much help in understanding them. What seems needed is a schema in which the developmental deficiencies of these children are related to their present functioning. This paper introduces a guide covering five aspects of development. The guide gives descriptions of normal functioning at ages 0 to 1 1/2, 1 1/2 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 10, and also shows the persistence of this functioning as it is reflected in the attitudes, feelings, and behavior of primary school children. A case illustration is presented that demonstrates the use of the guide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

How do I look with my minds eye: perspective taking in social phobic imagery.

This study explored perspective taking in social phobics' images of past anxiety-provoking social situations and non-social situations. For images of social situations, social phobics were significantly more likely than non-patient controls to take an observer perspective, viewing themselves as if from an external point of view. In contrast, social phobics and controls did not differ in the perspective taken in images of non-social situations, which were generally viewed from a field perspective (seeing the situation as if looking out through their own eyes). The clinical significance of these findings is briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Disorders of facial recognition, social behaviour and affect after combined bilateral amygdalotomy and subcaudate tractotomy--a clinical and experimental study.

A case of a 37-year-old patient, 10 years after bilateral amygdalotomy and subcaudate tractotomy for chronic self-mutilation, is described. The clinical picture revealed a complex mental state, including disorders of facial recognition, social behaviour, affect and elements of the Kluver-Bucy syndrome. Mild selective deficits were demonstrated psychometrically in the recognition of familiar and unfamiliar faces. Certain features have been described in rhesus monkeys, but have not previously been reported in humans. Primate studies are discussed, with particular reference to the role of the amygdala in facial recognition.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Phenomenal characteristics of autobiographical memories for social and non-social events in social phobia.

Previous studies failed to show clear differences between people with social phobia and non-anxious individuals regarding the specificity and affective intensity of their autobiographical memories for social events. However, these studies did not assess the subjective experience associated with remembering. In this study, people with social phobia and non-anxious control participants recalled social and non-social events, and rated the phenomenal characteristics of their memories. The memories of people with social phobia for social events contained fewer sensorial details but more self-referential information than controls' memories. In addition, people with social phobia remembered social situations from an observer perspective, viewing themselves as if from outside, to a greater extent than controls. By contrast, the two groups did not differ concerning their memories for non-social events. These findings are discussed in relation to cognitive models of social phobia.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Psychotherapy in combination with antidepressant drugs in patients with severe masked depressions.

Masked depressions rival overt depressions in frequency, but unfortunately an early correct diagnosis is rarely made. Psychotherapy in combination with antidepressant drugs is the treatment of choice in these patients, most of whom are severely ill by the time they are first seen by a psychiatrist. The nature of this syndrome and an overview of the treatment procedure is outlined in this paper.

Acting Out↗