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PubMedDate not supplied

Rhinomanometry. I. Simple equipment.

A rhinomanometer for clinical work and research is presented. It adheres to the principle that pressure and flow should be recorded X-Y wise. A storage oscilloscope is used and the tracing pencilled down on a preprinted diagram via an oscillotracer. Anterior and posterior rhinomanometry can be performed. In the former variety, one nostril is occluded and connected to the pressure transducer by an adhesive tape. This does not deform or irritate the nasal airway. A mask for anaesthesia connects the nose to the pneumotachograph. Miniature transducers mounted on the pneumotachograph provide mechanical advantages. Simple means that allow dynamic calibration of the rhinomanometer are described. The cost to set up and operate the equipment is low.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed2001

[Specific aspects of rhinomanometry in children with nasal septum deformity in the region of absorbing part of the nasal valve].

Available are original data on rhinomanometry in children with nasal septum distortion in the anterior part. Nasal patency before and after anemisation of the mucosa was measured in health and disease. Pressure in collapse of the nasal valve in children is higher than in adults, while dynamic range of the valve action in growing flow of the inspired air is more noticeable. In distortion of the nasal septum at the level of the absorbing part of the nasal valve anemisation reduces the air flow while the dynamic range is not detected. It is discussed whether early surgical intervention in children under sparing approach to nasal structures is valid.

Child↗
PubMed1976

The present status of rhinomanometry.

Rhinomanometry is today a routine method that may be used in private specialist practice, if X-Y recording is used. The results become clinical statements only when directly compared with mirror findings, i.e. by functional analysis of structure or when physiological variance is taken into account by reagibility tests. In those cases this elegant technique becomes indeed indispensable.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Positional rhinomanometry in hypertrophic vasomotor chronic rhinitis: considerations before and after functional surgery of turbinates].

The Authors report their experience regarding Positional Active Rhinomanometry performed before and after surgery in hypertrophic-vasomotor chronic rhinitis. Twenty-five patients suffering of hypertrophy of the turbinates and/or nasal vasomotor disorders were examined pre-operatively and 3, 6 and 12 months after inferior submucosal turbinoplasty. Tests were performed in the seated, supina, homolateral and contralateral positions with regard to the fossa in question. Values were compared with those of forty normal subjects. Pre-operative examinations showed a large number of paradoxical responses and very high increase in nasal resistance. Postoperative values were quite similar to those of normal subjects, a demonstration of the efficacy of surgical treatment of turbinates hyper-reactivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Statistical value of the various mathematical models in rhinomanometry].

By means of rhinomanometry, analogue physiological transnasal pressure and corresponding flow signals are simultaneously recorded during quiet nasal breathing. In order to describe the sigmoid shaped pressure/flow curves or relationship, several mathematical models have been developed. In this study, the authors wanted to demonstrate which model best describes the curvilinearity of the pressure/flow curves. By their approach, they found that polynomial models like delta p = K0 + K1V + K2V2 as well as the Broms' polar coordinate model best fit the recorded pressure/flow data. Since the parameters and exponents of such a model characterize the degree of laminar and turbulent behaviour of transnasal flow, a diagnostic potential may be offered in the future, to qualify and quantify the phenomenon of nasal obstruction.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Optimal sample frequency in computerized rhinomanometry. Development and method.

The authors studied the pressure/flow signals generated during active anterior rhinomanometry of 25 subjects, presenting a normal transnasal breathing. By means of a Fourier transformation, the frequency content of these signals was analyzed. This investigation demonstrated clearly that signals with a frequency of more than 50 Hz no longer yield any further information about the transnasal ventilation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nasal dimorphism and respiratory dysfunction. Preoperative selection of patients and follow-up using computerized rhinomanometry].

Indications and results of corrective nasal surgery are at times uncertain with the traditional clinical evaluation. To find more certain parameters a study was made with active anterior computerized rhinomanometry (C.R.) pre- and post-operatively in 50 patients randomly chosen from those proposed for rhinoseptoplasty during 1990. The level of total basal resistance (TR) and total residual resistance after pharmacological decongestion were used as objective indicators of respiratory stenosis. Clinically these patients showed some degree of nasal deformity, usually associated with septal deviation. Difficulty in breathing did not always correspond to the level of TR recorded. At times habit or psychological factors related to nasal aesthetics could play an important role. Using CR it was possible to divide the patients into three categories: a) the first (9 patients with normal total basal resistance) required treatment for exclusively aesthetic reasons; b) the second (18 patients with increased basal TR but normal residual TR) required treatment of the conchae and medical therapy; c) the third (23 patients with increased basal and residual TR) had the broadest functional and aesthetic indications. Six months after surgery normal residual TR was found in 96% of these cases. Only 12% of the patients were functionally unsatisfactory, with residual anatomical alteration (4%), phlogosis (4%) or sensations "sine materia" (4%). The present experience confirms the value of CR as an objective test for surgical selection and functional results.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of rhinomanometry in otorhinolaryngologic examination of patients].

Clinical applicability of anterior passive rhinomanometry to identify nasal breathing disorders during wide-scale physical examinations and therapeutic procedures was investigated. The method proved highly accurate and informative; it was not time consuming and can be performed with the use of available equipment. Therefore, the method can be recommended of wide application in practical otorhinolaryngology.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

Patency of nasofrontal duct during the healing process of trephined acute frontal sinusitis. A clinical application of modern rhinomanometry.

Thirty-one patients suffering from acute frontal sinusitis were treated by trephination. The patency of the nasofrontal duct was measured daily via the ventilation tube by computerized rhinomanometry until the tube was removed. According to the air flow changes inside the frontal sinus during normal nasal breathing, the duct was assessed as open, partially open or obstructed. The further healing process was assessed by clinical and radiological examination during a two-month postoperative follow-up. Statistical analysis of the results shows that both the favourable healing process and recurrences can be predicted with this method to a very high level of significance. The method is simple and rapid and it helps to determine the correct time for the withdrawal of the irrigation tube in individual patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Assessment of nasal obstruction. A comparison between rhinomanometry and nasal inspiratory peak flow.

In several conditions objective assessment of nasal obstruction would be of great value. In this study we have compared two different methods for this purpose. Anterior rhinomanometry is a well established method, which measures nasal airway resistance (NAR). This was compared with nasal inspiratory peak flow (NIPF) measured with a Youlten peak flow meter. The assessments were undertaken in patients with allergic rhinitis, before and after challenge with hyperosmolar saline solution. After challenge there was a fall in NIPF value as a mean of 17.4%, that was mirrored by a rise in NAR of 15.6%. There was also a statistically significant negative linear correlation between these two methods (p less than 0.01). We conclude that NIPF is a cheap, easily performed and quick method suitable for assessing nasal airway patency in e.g. allergics during treatment and during challenge.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1990

[Anterior rhinomanometry].

Assessment of the anterior rhinomanometry on 9 normal persons with the aim to know the variations between several individuals and in each one. The examination, performed on 3 consecutive days, showed a great interindividual variability and an acceptable individual variability. Accordingly the AA. recommend to realize the test in all but on the same subject, in series because of the wide interpersonal variability verified, specially when the number of cases is short.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Postural rhinomanometry in normal subjects].

Measurement of decubitus-caused variations in air flow resistance through the nasal cavities indicates the vascular reactivity of turbinate cavernous tissue and makes it possible to evaluate the variable component in nasal resistance; a component usually suppressed by previous pharmacological vasoconstriction. The aim of the present work has been to indicate normative values regarding variations in nasal resistance in different types of decubitus. The latter will be referenced for future studies regarding nasal vasomotor pathologies (specific or aspecific hyperreactivity). Eighty nasal cavities from normal subjects were examined by means of Anterior Active Rhinomanometry in the following positions: seated, supine, homolateral and contralateral to the fossa in question. As absolute values are highly variable even in normal subjects, the resistance variations in decubitus were expressed in percentage of basal value (seated position). In every decubitus there is an average increase in resistance due to the increased venous pressure in the cephalic area although the greatest statistical significance and lowest scattering of values is found in the supine position with 20 degrees head-trunk angle. Mean values and standard deviations are given and will be referenced for further studies on rhinopathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Role of rhinomanometry in childhood mite allergy apropos of 76 cases].

Place for Passive Anterior Rhinomanometry (PAR) in mite allergic children. PAR is a simple method to investigate chronic or recurrent rhinopathies in children. Among 59 investigations with a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract, we found 27 positive responses, 3 doubtful results and 32 negative explorations. Nasal sensitization is usually important: the liminal dose is less than 250 mcg in 17/28 cases. Most children have no bronchial sensitivity. None of 14 children with negative cutaneous and RAST tests have nasal sensitivity. When cutaneous and RAST tests are both positive, 12/16 positive PAR are found. We note a nasal sensitivity in 3/5 cases with only cutaneous test positive and 12/26 cases with only RAST tests positive. For other mites a nasal sensitivity is found in 8 out of 14 explorations (Tyrophagus and Glyciphagus especially). Among all patients when cutaneous tests, RAST tests and history are doubtful for the real part played by mites in the child rhinopathy, nasal exploration allows more explicit diagnostic and therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A new technique using a nasal cast for anterior rhinomanometry.

A new method of sealing a pressure sensing tube into the nostril for anterior rhinomanometry is described. This involves the use of a nasal cast made from dental impression material. The results demonstrate that the nasal cast technique gives the same resistance values as the standard nasal tape technique. Obstruction of one nostril with a nasal cast for fifteen minutes is shown to have no effect on nasal resistance. The advantages of the nasal cast method compared with the nasal tape method are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Measuring errors in rhinomanometry].

Using active anterior and posterior rhinomanometry there are possible several falsifications. This might occur by incorrect technical handling as well as non-optimal conditions during measuring.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic value of passive anterior rhinomanometry in everyday allergological practice. 4 years' experience].

Passive anterior rhinomanometry used for nasal provocation tests in respiratory allergology is a very easy test to perform. On the basis of five years' experience, the authors analyse their opinion concerning this technique and review the value of nasal challenge tests in allergic rhinitis. The only real problem is that of the quality of the allergen used, this being the essential factor in terms of correlation with other diagnostic tests (for D.P.: 66.6% between challenge test and skin tests, and 78.5% between challenge test and RAST). Indications are very wide and the results of nasal challenge provide a substantial diagnostic argument when taking therapeutic decisions. However it cannot serve as a substitute for the bronchial challenge test in cases of combined rhinitis and asthma since there are differences in sensitivity and reactivity between the nasal and bronchial mucosae.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1979

[Measuring nasal resistance using passive anterior rhinomanometry. Results in normal subjects, bronchially hyperreactive and manifestly obstructed patients].

The values of nasal resistance measured by passive, anterior rhinomanometry are reported. The results of measurements on a group of healthy probands correlate significantly with those gained by wholebody-plethysmography. Three of four patients with bronchial hyperreactivity, on acetylcholine, had an increase of nasal resistance after endonasal application of this agents. Ten patients with 'COLD' had normal nasal resistance values; no increase of the values could be demonstrated, after local acetylcholine application.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1978

[Comparability of lung and nasal resistance. possibilities of comparison of rhinomanometry and bodyplethysmography (author's transl)].

Only a harmonical balance between the lung and nasal resistance garant an optimal respiratory mechanism. Therefore both resistances should not be judged separately. Up to now different methods of measurement of both resistance have been used. The substruction method has certain drawbacks in determining nasal resistance. On the other hand nasal resistance determined by rhinomanometry only becomes comparable to lung resistance if registered by a special simplified method. The problems of comparing quantitively both resistances are discussed and a solution is proposed.

Airway Resistance↗