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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Retinal circulation in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment demonstrated by videofluorescence angiography and image analysis. I. The condition of retinal circulation before retinal detachment surgery].

The retinal circulation in cases of retinal detachment was studied in eight eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Retinal mean circulation times of the detachment areas and the non-detachment areas were measured by a system using videofluorescence angiography and image analysis with dye dilution technique. The mean circulation times were 4.05 +/- 1.13 seconds (mean +/- standard deviation) in the non-detachment areas and 6.59 +/- 2.91 seconds in the detachment areas. The difference between the two areas was statistically significant (p less than 0.03). The results demonstrated that the velocity of retinal circulation is slower in retinal detachment area.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Vitrectomy for nondiabetic vitreous hemorrhage. Not associated with vascular disease.

Forty-nine consecutive eyes with nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage not associated with retinal or choroidal vascular disease underwent vitrectomy. Etiologies included vitreous hemorrhage during anterior segment surgery (22 eyes), blunt trauma (8 eyes), retinal tears with and without retinal detachment (8 eyes), Terson's syndrome (2 eyes), avulsed retinal vessel (1 eye), and idiopathic cases (8 eyes). The final visual acuity improved in 48 eyes (98%). Follow-up was 6-91 months (mean, 20 months). Of the 49 eyes, 40 eyes (82%) had a best postoperative visual acuity of 20/100 or better, 31 eyes (63%) had visual acuity of 20/40 or better, and 12 eyes (24%) had visual acuity of 20/20. The major complications included intraoperative iatrogenic retinal breaks (5 eyes), postoperative progressive cataract (7 eyes), late retinal detachment (4 eyes) and recurrent vitreous hemorrhage (2 eyes). The major complication associated with later visual loss was progressive cataract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Vascular and rhegmatogenous peripheral retinal changes in essential systemic arterial hypertension].

The authors examined the peripheral retina of 106 patients affected by essential hypertension grading from 1st to 3rd, as classified by WHO. Research of peripheral retinal vascular alterations and of theoretically possible resulting degenerative changes (lattice degeneration, while without pressure and snail tract degeneration) was carried out. The study included a control group of 39 healthy subjects. A statistical analysis of the resulting data was performed. This showed that the frequency of retinal peripheral vasculopathy is higher in the hypertensive group and is significantly related to the severity of hypertensive retinal angiopathy. In the same way, the incidence of peripheral retinal degenerative changes proved to be significantly higher among the hypertensive group than in the control group. However, a correlation between the frequency of retinal degenerative processes and the presence of vascular changes could not be assessed. The results obtained are discussed, suggesting that peripheral retinal angiopathy could act as a risk factor leading to degenerative alterations on a formerly predisposed retinal tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Incidence of lipid changes in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, retinal vein occlusion and primary chronic glaucoma].

Several studies suggest that vascular factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, retinal vein occlusion and primary chronic glaucoma. We explored the lipoprotein abnormalities in three groups of 45 patients suffering from each of these diseases compared to three control groups. We did not find significant abnormalities of cholesterol, cholesterol lipoproteins, nor Apolipoprotein B. The only significant abnormality was the presence of a higher rate of hypertriglyceridemia in the retinal vein occlusion and primary chronic glaucoma groups in comparison with their control group. In these two affections, hypertriglyceridemia should be systematically researched and treated.

Apolipoproteins B↗
PubMed1985

Giant retinal tears, retinal detachment and retinitis pigmentosa.

A patient with retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural deafness presented with bilateral giant retinal tears and a unilateral retinal detachment. The peripheral visual field loss could have been erroneously ascribed to the primary retinal dystrophy. A retinal detachment must be considered in patients with a sudden loss of visual acuity or field even if they have a primary retinal dystrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Preinjection with sodium fluorescein aids discrimination in vitreous surgery.

To discriminate formed and opacified vitreous from lacunae and irrigating solution during closed vitrectomy, sodium fluorescein solution was injected intravenously 18 to 20 hours prior to the operation. Vitreous gel became yellowish-green and helped in the resection of opacified vitreous, especially when ultraviolet light was used. The higher the total amount of fluorescein in the vitreous of patients with impaired blood-retinal barriers, the stronger the vitreous gel was stained. Neurosensory retina and hard proliferative vitreous membrane, however, did not stain well. This method can be useful to the beginning vitreous surgeon and in teaching surgical procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Funduscopically controlled scotometry.

The following is a brief summary of the results in our ten groups of cases. The positive features of laser scotometry are emphasized. The normal response is well defined: there are no uncertain blind spot margins. The peripheral field is probably extended beyond 60 degrees nasally and superiorly. The size and shape of the small central scotomas associated with macular holes are easily defined and correlated directly with the visible edge of the hole. This result is distinct from the intact subjective response with cystoid maculopathy and surface wrinkling retinopathy. Plotting the margins of peripheral abnormalities such as retinal detachments, retinoschisis, and lattice degeneration is easily done. Schisis is distinguished by an absolute scotoma. This scotometry is facilitated by a larger "normal" field with the laser instrument. Lattice degeneration causes a field defect. A branch retinal artery occlusion shows a slightly jagged border, difficult to detect by standard methods. A cotton-wool spot does not show a total nerve-fiber-bundle defect. Small absolute scotomas are correlated with degenerative changes within nevi. Degenerative changes over small melanomas--ie, the orange spots--also produce absolute field defects. "Bear track" lesions have a normal field, whereas dense black isolated lesions are associated with absolute scotomas. In macular degeneration the bright laser test object is usually visible to the patient within detachments of neuroepithelium, detachments of the pigment epithelium, and over recent subretinal neovascularization. Response is absent over sharply-defined zones of pigment atrophy and over late subretinal fibrovascular mounds. In contrast to the degenerative cases, a selection of hereditary cases showed no direct correlation between the zone of pigment atrophy and the zone of absolute scotoma. The scotoma was much larger than the atrophic region, extending to the edge of the cream-colored subretinal spots. The laser target method sharply defines the absolute scotoma associated with papilledema. It also detects a slit-like nerve-fiber-bundle defect, suggesting progressive damage. Small, but possibly not the earliest, scotomas associated with glaucoma can be detected with laser scotometry. In some cases they are detected when the Goldmann perimetric field is normal. Late residual visual fields are easily defined, since fixation can be directly monitored. The vertical border of hemianopic defects can be defined within one degree of accuracy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Automatic exposure control in retinal laser therapy.

Retinal laser spots are often over- or underexposed due to inhomogeneities of fundus pigmentation or variations in the radiation power impinging on the retina. We developed a method to control the exposure time of each individual spot of retinal laser photocoagulation in real time. The laser light reflected from the spot area is recorded by a detector. The intensity of this light increases during the exposure due to bleaching of the retinal pigment. If the reflected light reaches a predefined level, the laser apparatus is immediately stopped by a computer, which controls the whole process. The procedure was tested in enucleated porcine eyes. After verification of the proper function, a pilot study in a small collective of 19 patients (20 eyes, 25 sessions) with clear optical media was performed. In all cases, the apparatus worked safely. Visible indications for overexposed spots, particularly bleeding in extreme cases, did not occur. However, about 2%-5% of the spots were underexposed, mainly due to eye movements of the patient during the coagulation. Large variations in the automatically controlled exposure time confirm the difficulty in properly adjusting this parameter without such an automatic device. However, to be applicable to patients with opaque optical media, the method must be improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Clinical evaluation of multifocal electroretinogram.

PURPOSE: To compare the multifocal electroretinogram (ERG) system to conventional ganzfeld and focal ERGs obtained from patients with known retinal diseases to assess its clinical applicability. METHODS: A multi-input system analysis was used to explore the field topography of ERG responses to local luminance modulation in patients with retinitis pigmentosa, pericentral pigmentary retinal dystrophy, branch retinal arterial occlusion, or idiopathic macular hole. RESULTS: The dysfunctional areas measured by multifocal ERG were compatible with those assumed by combined findings of ganzfeld and focal ERGs. However, the wave shapes of multifocal ERG in the retina with arterial occlusion differed from those of conventional focal ERG, suggesting that the negative and positive deflections shown in the first-order kernel of multifocal ERG may not correspond to conventional a- and b-waves of ERG. CONCLUSIONS: The multifocal ERG system is available for electroretinographic field mapping at the clinical level.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Retinal hemodynamics after pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade.

Pars plana vitrectomy with silicone-oil tamponade is frequently performed in cases of complicated retinal detachment. Because of the lower specific gravity and the lower surface tension of silicone oil in comparison with the aqueous phase of the vitreous, an influence on the blood flow in the retinal vessels would be expected. However, not only the silicone oil but also the operative trauma and a buckling procedure may have an influence on the retinal blood flow. To examine this question we measured the arteriovenous passage time in the silicone-oil-filled eye and in the contralateral eye in 14 cases using a laser scan ophthalmoscope at 3-5 days after surgery. The arteriovenous passage time is a parameter for the retinal microicirculation. In all cases we found a prolonged arteriovenous passage time in the silicone-oil-filled eye in comparison with the contralateral eye (mean value +/- SD, 2.5 +/- 0.8 vs 1.25 +/- 0.25 s; P < 0.01). The prolongation of arteriovenous passage times observed in silicone-oil-filled eyes indicates that the microcirculation is worsened at least during the early postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Isolated ocular recurrence of relapsing polychondritis. Apropos of a case].

Ocular manifestations of relapsing polychondritis occur in 60% of patients, most often in association with other systemic manifestations of the disease. Episcleritis is the most common manifestation, but scleral perforation, retinal vasculitis, optic neuritis and necrotizing scleritis can lead to blindness and require the use of immunosuppressive agents. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman with diffuse bilateral scleritis as the single manifestation of relapsing polychondritis. High dose steroids were used with success.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Micro-vitreoretinal surgery and silicone oil for treatment of perforating injuries with retinal detachments].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic value and effects of micro-vitreoretinal surgery (M-VRS), retinotomy and silicone oil (SiO) for perforating injuries with retinal detachment (PIRD). METHODS: 64 cases of PIRD were treated with M-VRS, retinotomies and SiO. RESULTS: The retina was totally reattached in 58 cases or a rate of 90.6%, which dropped to 73.5% in 3-15 months postoperatively. Visual acuity of 64.7% was counting fingers or better, and 17.6% > or = 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: This method can cure PIRD that were not cured with routine M-VRS, and 1/6 cases were out of blindness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Retinal detachment after perforating injuries of the eye. I. Analysis of anamnestic data related to the injury, analysis of deficiencies in the primary care of the eye injury and principles of prevention of post-traumatic retinal detachment].

In 1977-1987 the authors operated by the cryosurgical method 69 patients on account of detachment of the retina. The detachment occurred in 37 patients after simple perforation of the eye and in 32 patients after perforation with a foreign intraocular body. In all patients the perforation penetrated as far as the vitreous body. In the first part of the paper the authors analyze in detail anamnestic data related to the injury: age, mechanism of injury, rapidity and method of surgical treatment, chemical nature of foreign body and its size, rapidity and method of extraction of the foreign body. In the subsequent part the authors define the principles of prevention of post-traumatic detachment of the retina during surgical treatment of the injury. Finally the basic shortcomings of primary treatment of the injury from the aspect of detachment of the retina are outlined, as recorded in the group treated by the authors.

Adolescent↗