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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of lornoxicam for analgesia in the early postoperative period].

Lornoxicam was used for analgesia in 64 patients on days 1-2 after extensive interventions. The drug efficiency and safety were evaluated depending on the dose and route of administration. Intravenous infusion of lornoxicam in a daily dose of 24 mg (basic therapy) did not involve the use of opioids in 35% patients and its analgesic effect was higher than that of promedol monotherapy. Combined therapy with lornoxicam and promedol allows reduction of promedol dose by 25-50% and the incidence of untoward effects by 27-44%.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Mechanism of the analgesic effect of narcotic analgetics].

A study was made of the effect of morphine, promedol, phentanyl, pentazacine and psychostimulant d,l-amphetamine on the threshold of pain sensitivity and self-stimulation of the hypothalamus and the septum in rats. Electrical stimulation of the systems of positive reinforcement of the hypothalamus and the septum, and also analgetics increased the threshold of pain sensitivity, whereas d,l-amphetamine failed to influence it. D,l-amphetamine and morphine facilitated, promedol failed to influence, phentanyl decreased and pentazacine completely depressed the hypothalamic self-stimulation. The septal self-stimulation remained unaltered under the effect of morphine, promedol, phentanyl, but was decreased under the effect of pentazacine and increased against the background of d,l-amphetamine. A conclusion was drawn that the analgetic action and that activating the positive emotion were independent effects of the psychotropic agents.

Amphetamine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of analgesic efficacy of propacetamol in the postoperative period using a double blind placebo controlled method].

The efficiency and safety of postoperative use of propacetamol was estimated in 30 patients by means of double blind placebo controlled method. The first group consisted of 15 patients to whom propacetamol was introduced intravenously in single dose of 2 g along with patient controlled anesthesia with promedol. Placebo in combination with patient control anesthesia were used in 15 patients from the 2nd group. Intravenous introducing of propacetamol in dose of 2 g in 15 minutes provides relief of pain intensity in postoperative period. So it permits to consider propacetamol as basic non-opioid analgesic. In early postoperative period combination of propacetamol and opioid analgesic (promedol) reduces demands in the latter by 44%.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The withdrawal syndrome and lipid peroxidation during the chronic administration of narcotic analgesics to rats].

Diverse behavioral disorders and the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) of biological membranes were estimated in different rat tissues after the 7-day administration and subsequent withdrawal of morphine or promedol. 24 hours after the withdrawal of the analgetics the demonstrated a high initial level of motor activity in the open field. Naloxone, an antagonist of opiate receptors, potentiated motor activity and the intensity of withdrawal syndrome (by 160%) in rats with morphine rather than promedol dependence. The behavioral disorders in dependent animals were accompanied by LPO activation in liver and brain membranes.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Influence of adrenergic-blocking agents on the pain-alleviating effect of narcotic analgesics].

The action of adrenoblocking agents on the dynamics of the pain allaying effect of narcotic analgesics, measured by the magnitude of the pain reaction threshold after irritation of the tail skin with electric current was studies in tests on mice. The beta-adreno-blocking agent (anaprillin or inderal) was found to significantly potentiate and to lengthen the action of morphine, and so did, to a lesser degree, promedol (trimeperedin) and phentanyl, while the alpha-adrenoblocking agent (phentolamine) weakened the analgesic effects of morphine and promedol, without having any essential influence on the effect of phentanyl. Phentolamine does not eliminate the potentiating effect of anapraline on the analgesic action of morphine but is capable to lessen it.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the effect of antorphine on biochemical processes].

It has been shown in experiments on rats that the effect of antorphin (0.57 mg/kg), morphine (1 mg/kg) and promedol (2 mg/kg) on catecholamine balance and phosphorylase activity correlates with changes in the carbohydrate metabolism of tissues. The action of antorphin as compared to that of morphine and promedol is associated with a decreased content of adrenaline and preservation of glycogen depot in the tissues of the heart, liver and skeletal muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Pharmacolymphography (author's transl)].

In 110 patients with different malignant tumors various pharmacological substances (Ridol (G. Richter, Hungary), Arphonad (Hoffmann, Switzerland), Xavin (Chinoin, Hungary) etc.) were used in lymphography to improve inflow of contrast medium and visualization of lymph vessels and nodes. Different substances with vasodilatatory effects of varying degree were tested. Ridol and the combination Atropin-Promedol-Pipolphen proved to have a specific lymphotropic affinity. Time of contrast medium injection could be shortened and visualization of the intermediary lymphnode sinus as well as thoracic duct improved by pharmacolymphography. The optimal method consists of i.m. Ridol application 10 to 15 minutes prior to lymphangiography and endolymphatic injection of the combination Atropin-Promedol-Pipolphen.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methods of the use of ketorolac tromethamine in patients during the early postoperative period].

Analgesia with nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) becomes a pressing problem today. One such drug is ketorolak tromethamine (KT), characterized by expressed analgesic activity comparable with that of opioid analgesics morphine or promedol. Our purpose was to assess KT efficacy in analgesia performed by different methods, including analgesia controlled by the patient (ACP) after surgery. In medium severe and strong pain KT was used in group I (n = 60) "as needed" in a dose of 30 mg up to 3-4 times a day, in group 2 (n = 12) by the ACP method, in group 3 (n = 16) KT was incessantly infused in a daily dose of up to 120 mg, and in group 4 (n = 11) KT was injected 3-4 times a day in a dose of 30 mg in combination with morphine ACP. The results indicate a high efficacy of KT: 83% after a single injection. Combined use of KT and promedol decreased the dose by 40-50%. Side effects were observed in 15% of patients: most often it was a sense of fever and sweating (in 4% of patients), nausea and vomiting (in 2%), insomnia (in 2%). ACP and planned injections in a daily dose of 90-120 mg is the optimal method of analgesia in patients after extensive surgical interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Caudal epidural anesthesia in children operated on in the area of the lumbosacral segments].

Analgesia of children operated on the lumbosacral segments is discussed. Balanced total anesthesia was used with caudal epidural blocking by a combination of alpha 2-agonist clofelin, local amide anesthetic bupivacaine, and narcotic analgesic promedol. Injection of a combination of clofelin (0.01% solution) in a dose of 1 microgram/kg, standard dose of 0.25% bupivacaine solution with adrenaline (1:200,000) in a dose of 0.3 ml/kg, and promedol in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg into the epidural space via the caudal approach in the presence of superficial anesthesia with halothane (0.2-0.4 vol/%), nitrogen oxide and oxygen in 2:1 ratio ensured adequate analgesia and effective neurovegetative protection both during the operation and the first 25 h after it.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A hypothesis of the possible mechanism of the action of analgesic agents at the neuronal level].

The opiate analgetic promedol and non-opiate analgetics analgin, clonidine, baclofen, tolibut, vasopressin and calcitonin given in adequate doses block the inward electrosensitive sodium transmembrane ionic current of neurons. Like some drugs which do not exhibit any analgetic effect, promedol, analgin, clonidine, vasopressin and calcitonin also block the electrosensitive delayed potassium current. It is assumed that the blocking of the sodium ionic current may be one of the potential analgetic mechanisms at the neuronal level.

Analgesics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Postoperative analgesia using moradol in emergency surgery].

Moradol was used for postoperative analgesia in 39 patients subject to urgent surgery. Promedol was used as a control. It has been found that a marked pain syndrome in the early postoperative period in patients examined was characterized by certain deviations of the parameters studied. Moradol, as compared to promedol, has a better analgesic effect, causing milder respiration and hemodynamic changes. With intravenous drug injection, a more profound analgesia is associated with a greater respiratory depression.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The central hemodynamics and hormonal status before, during and after urologic operations in children].

Urological operations in children are made as a rule to correct congenital malformations. The prevention of operative injury to the child' body is secured only in conditions of adequate anesthesiological defense. This is possible only in availability of rapid information on cardiovascular, oxygen metabolic and hormonal statuses. Central hemodynamics, oxygen metabolism and hormonal findings have been summarized for 89 children. The above parameters were measured before and during plastic reconstruction of the upper urinary tract. Initially hyperkinetic hemodynamics because of inadequate premedication to control psychoemotional lability, changed for stable and hypokinetic circulation to the end of the operative intervention as a result of neuroleptanalgesia. Eukinetic trends were induced by balanced promedol analgesia throughout the operation. Concentrations of hydrocortisone, aldosterone and STH were on the increase, while T3 and T4 levels lowered. Hyperkinetic and eukinetic hemodynamics were observed postoperatively after neuroleptanalgesia and balanced promedol-including analgesia, respectively.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of the components of general anesthesia on the level of carcinoembryonic antigen in the blood serum of patients with cancer of the large intestine].

The effect of calipsol and thiopental (the most frequent drugs used for basis anesthesia), as well as their combinations with narcotic analgesics fentanyl, morphine, promedole and a neuroleptic droperidol on the level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with colonic cancer has been studied. A significant effect of anesthetics on CEA level in the postoperative period has been established. The lowest CEA level was observed when calipsol, morphine, and promedole were used as components of narcotic analgesics.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The anodyne action of narcotic analgesics and clofelin under increased atmospheric pressure].

Rat experiments have revealed that gradual increases in atmospheric pressure up to 1.1 MPa progressively alters the vocalization threshold in electrical stimulation of the tail root. Substitution of air for heliox (79.1% helium and 20.9% oxygen) leads to attenuation of the analgesic effect of hyperbarism. It is postulated that hyperbaric analgesia is due mainly to the elevated partial pressure of nitrogen. Morphine and promedol in doses of 2.5 mg/kg and clofeline in a dose of 0.1 mg failed to change analgesic effects when atmospheric pressure was increased up to 0.7 and 1.1 MPa. The analgesic effect of morphine and promedol in doses of 5 mg/kg and buprenorphine in a dose of 0.035 mg/kg under similar conditions increased during the whole period of isopression, while that of clofeline in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg increased only in the first few minutes of isopression. The analgesic action of morphoeceptine in a dose of 5 mg/kg decreased during isopression. The possible mechanisms of hyperbaric analgesia and the specific features of the analgesic action of different drugs at elevated atmospheric pressure are discussed.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Correlation between the effectiveness of premedication and neuroanatomic protection during surgery with NLA and the initial state of the autonomic nervous system].

The study was performed on 94 urological patients, aged 15 to 78 years, subjected to planned operations. The initial autonomic tone, autonomic reactivity, autonomic maintenance of the activity, ACTH and cortisol content have been investigated in the ward and in the operation room with concomitant premedication with pipolphen in combination with promedol and diazepam in combination with promedol. Tactile and pain thresholds were studied in patients on premedication in the ward and the operation room. It has been noted that positive effect of premedication, an increase in the pain threshold and adequate neuroautonomic protection do not only depend on the presence or absence of diazepam in premedication, but also on the initial autonomic tone, autonomic reactivity, and autonomic maintenance of the activity. The above parameters in their turn depend on the functional state of the autonomic nervous system, the patient's age, concomitant diseases, and other factors determining general physical status of the patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Effect of narcotic analgesics on impulse conduction along the afferent pathways of visceral nerves].

Experiments were conducted on chloralose-anesthetized cats. The action of morphine and promedol upon the potentials of the cortical and subcortical structures occurring after the visceral nerve stimulation was studied. Morphine proved to depress the potentials evoked by stimulation of the inferior cardiac and vagus nerves, in the specific, associative and nonspecific structures of the brain; promedol produced an analogous effect. Morphine also inhibited the potentials occurring after the stimulation of the splanchnic nerve in the associative and nonspecific structures; depression of the responses in the specific pathways was less pronounced.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of opioid analgesics on potential-gated ion channels in the pond snail neurons].

The effects of opioid analgesics morphine, promedol, tramadol, and butorphanol on the transmembrane calcium, sodium, and potassium (fast and slow) ion currents in pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) neurons were studied by intracellular dialysis and membrane potential (voltage-clamp) measurements. It was established that all these drugs produce a dose-dependent reversible inhibition of the ion currents (sodium calcium potassium) and reduce nonspecific leak currents, thus producing a stabilizing action upon the sample membrane. The current-inhibiting effect of morphine was not eliminated by naloxone (500 microM); moreover, the latter drug significantly inhibited the ion currents as well.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of anesthesia in children operated on for extrahepatic portal hypertension].

Portocaval shunting reliably preventing hemorrhages from esophagogastric veins is most often used in surgery for extrahepatic portal hypertension (EPH) in children. Difficulties of anesthesia for this intervention consists in essential alteration of volume bloodflow as a result of massive outflow of deposited blood to systemic circulation through the new bypass. This necessitates search for an adequate method of general anesthesia and variants of infusion therapy for surgical venous shunting in children with EPH. Sixty-eight children aged 1-15 years with the EPH syndrome were subjected to elective surgery under general analgesia (multicomponent balanced neuroanesthesia with evaluation of some hemodynamic and metabolic parameters). The proposed protocol of general anesthesia in combination with epidural analgesia by local anesthetics and promedole and infusion therapy in the hypervolemic hemodilution mode create the most favorable conditions for adaptation of hemodynamics to increased preloand.

Adolescent↗