Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Pisiform Bone”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The ulnar tunnel at the wrist (Guyon's canal): normal MR anatomy and variants.

The ulnar tunnel (Guyon's canal) is a fibroosseous tunnel along the anteromedial portion of the wrist that contains the ulnar nerve and artery. As with the adjacent carpal tunnel, its main clinical significance is that it may cause nerve compression. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the anatomy of this area could be depicted in sufficient detail by MR imaging for MR to be useful in the evaluation of patients with ulnar neuropathy. MR studies of 36 wrists of volunteers were reviewed with attention to the size and shape of the canal, its anatomic boundaries, the presence of anomalous muscles, the size and bifurcation of the ulnar nerve, and the presence of a fibrous or muscular arch overlying the deep motor branch of the ulnar nerve. T1-weighted transverse MR images of 3-mm-thick sections were obtained by using either an extremity coil or dedicated wrist coil. Excellent anatomic delineation was achieved. The boundaries and shape of the canal varied from proximal to distal, but no statistical differences were present in the mean cross-sectional area of the canal. Anomalous muscles were present in the canal in nine (25%) of 36 wrists; six (67%) of the nine were bilateral. The ulnar nerve had a mean diameter of 3 mm and bifurcated an average distance of 12 mm from the proximal margin of the pisiform bone. Delineation of the fibromuscular arch at the origin of the flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle was limited by imager resolution, but 50% were judged to be fibrous and 50% to be muscular. Our results show that MR images depict the ulnar tunnel in excellent detail. Since those structures associated with ulnar neuropathy are clearly delineated by MR, the procedure should be useful in the evaluation of patients suspected of having ulnar nerve compression within the tunnel.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

The anatomy of Nikyo (Aikido's second teaching).

Nikyo is the second teaching of Aikido (ni-two, kyo-teaching, in Japanese). It is a joint-lock technique that results in extreme pain. It allows one to control an opponent by destroying his will to continue fighting. Nikyo is accomplished by flexing and adducting an opponent's wrist producing an instantaneous sharp pain that causes him to fall to his knees involuntarily to alleviate the pressure. The exact etiology of the pain elicited by this technique has been obscure to many practitioners. The usual explanations have been nerve compression, joint capsular stretch, tendon/muscle strain, or partial ligamentous disruption. Studies of a cadaver's wrist have shown that Nikyo forcibly compresses the pisiform bone against the ulna, two bones that do not normally articulate. The intense pain thereby produced results from stimulation of the periosteal nerves in these bony surfaces.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1992

A variant of flexor carpi ulnaris causing ulnar nerve compression.

Anatomical variations of the muscles and nerves around the wrist are common. Knowledge of such variations is derived from 2 sources: anatomical dissections and clinically reported cases. We present a case of duplication of the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris with splitting of the ulnar nerve. The ulnar slip of the tendon was inserted into the pisiform bone and the radial slip into the proximal phalanx of the ring finger. The anatomical literature and the clinically reported cases of variations of the flexor carpi ulnaris are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Ulnar nerve neuropathy in the wrist region: surgical findings].

The author describes the operative findings in 20 cases of compression of the ulnar nerve at the wrist. Adhesions with or without compression of the nerve, neuroma formation and compression by a ganglion are the most frequent findings. In some cases an enlarged artery is compressing the nerve. In one case a loose pisiform bone was causing the irritation. Despite clinical and electromyographical symptoms there was no pathological finding in 2 cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

[Morphometry using computerized tomography of the wrist in idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome. Comparison of pre- and postoperative findings].

Alteration of carpal morphometry after surgical release of the carpal tunnel was investigated in 22 patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome, using pre- and postoperative computed tomography. The morphometric evaluation showed an increase in carpal volume which was due to a palmar soft-tissue prolapse in 90% and to an increase of the carpal arch cross sectional area in about 10%. The carpal tunnel release caused a palmar opening of the canal most commonly at the pisiform bone. There was also a variation in form and an increase in volume of Guyon's canal. The results are discussed and related to the postoperative complaints.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The 'loge de Guyon'. A contribution to the clinical anatomy of the human hand].

In 40 hands of adults the 'loge de Guyon', a narrow bounded area within the proximal hypothenar region, has been dissected to realize an exact determination of the important characteristics of size. Beside measurements of the wall structures in the region of the pisiform bone, the hook of hamate and the entrances of the loge, variations of muscles and the position of the ulnar artery and nerve with their terminal branches have also been examined. The deep palmar branch of the ulnar artery crosses the rami of the ulnar nerve on the palmar side in 65% of cases. The branch of the artery crosses on the dorsal side in 30% and in 5% the ramus profundus of the ulnar artery runs between both terminal branches of the ulnar nerve. The clinical significance of the loge is emphasized, whereas the irregular nomenclature in the national and international literature is discussed in detail.

Hand↗
PubMed1977

[An accessory muscle and additional variants of the forearm].

A report is given on an accessory muscle of the forearm. The muscle originates from the medial epicondyle and the fascia of the forearm and inserts into the pisiform bone and retinaculum. The accessory muscle has a great similarity with the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle.

Forearm↗
PubMed1980

A peculiar variation of the musculature of the front of the forearm.

On the front of the right forearm of an adult male individual a hitherto undescribed supernumerary muscle was observed. This fusiform muscle originated from the lateral aspect of the coronoid process of the ulna and the lateral margin of the radius, distal to the attachment of the supinator muscle, and inserted - through the intermediary of an aponeurotic structure enveloping the synovial sheaths of the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles as well as of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus muscles - to the pisiform bone, the pisohamate ligament and the tubercles of the trapezium and the scaphoid bone. It is argued that the muscle belongs to the group of the deep flexor muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[An anatomical study of the carpal tunnel for endoscopic carpal tunnel release].

An anatomical study of the carpal tunnel was performed to characterize the transverse carpal ligament, enabling improved endoscopic carpal tunnel release. One hundred wrist joints obtained from 50 cadavers were studied. The width of the transverse carpal ligament (TCL) was found to be narrower in females than in males, and there was no significant difference in the width of the ligament between the right and the left wrist joints. The length of the TCL was not significantly different between males and females or between the right and left wrist joints. On the sagittal plane, the TCL was spindle-shaped and its thickest part was in the distal third. The thickness of the TCL had a significant negative correlation with age. The width of the TCL had a significant positive correlation with both its length (p < 0.01) and the thickness of its distal part (p < 0.01). Neither the distance between the distal edge of the TCL and the superficial palmar arch nor the distance between the radial edge of the pisiform bone and the ulnar artery at the distal edge of the TCL were significantly correlated with sex, laterality, or age. These results indicated that the width and thickness of the TCL and the ulnar artery can be predicted by calculating the length of the TCL percutaneously, thus enabling a safe and reliable endoscopic carpal tunnel release to be performed clinically without any complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Ligamentous anatomy of the medial carpal region.

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the ligamentous anatomy of the medial carpus in order to characterize the pathologic basis of pisiform subluxation secondary to traumatic ligament rupture. Medial carpal ligamentous anatomy has been studied in the past by anatomic dissection and analyzed in terms of comparative morphology. A review of this literature reveals that the anatomy of the region requires further definition. We have performed cadaveric dissections that reveal that the ulnar or medial carpal ligament complex is composed of three structures: (1) the triangular fibrocartilage, (2) the meniscus homologue, and (3) the ulnar collateral ligament. We conclude that the medial carpal ligament complex has an insertion into the pisiform bone.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Are the effects of local joint movement on blood flow limited to the vertebral and internal carotid arteries? Doppler studies of the ulnar artery.

OBJECTIVE: To determine what effect wrist extension has on ulnar artery blood flow. DESIGN AND SETTING: This is a descriptive study performed at a private chiropractic clinic. SUBJECT SELECTION: Sixty-three ulnar arteries were examined from thirty-two volunteers, 15 men and 17 women, whose ages ranged from 21-75 yr. Only wrists that were asymptomatic and freely mobile were candidates for ulnar artery examination. INTERVENTION: The arteries were insonated approximately 2 cm proximal to the pisiform bone using a continuous-wave Doppler flow meter in the neutral position and during passive wrist extension to the limit with the fingers straightened. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The persistence or loss of Doppler signals. RESULTS: Doppler signals from 83% (0.99 confidence interval: 68% < p < 93%) of arteries stopped. In 4% of vessels, the signals were markedly reduced; in 13%, they remained apparently unchanged. CONCLUSION: Blood flow in ulnar arteries can be severely restricted during wrist extension. By using Doppler ultrasound, the ulnar artery may provide a good model of local joint movement effects on arterial blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Traumatic dislocation of the hamate and pisiform: a case report and review of the literature.

Isolated dislocation of the hamate bone and pisiform bone is rare. We describe the simultaneous complete dislocation of both the hamate and pisiform bones in a 27-year-old man who crushed his right hand in a rolling press. An open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wires was performed. Four weeks later, the Kirschner wires were removed and rehabilitation was started. At 6 months follow-up, the patient had minimal pain and full range of motion in the affected wrist joint and fingers. However, grip strength was 50% compared to his unaffected left hand, and sensation of the ulnar nerve area was reduced to almost 30% of that of his left hand. It appears that the ulnar nerve injury was the largest contributing factor to the poor outcome of our patient. Evaluation of soft-tissue injuries, especially nerve injury, is important in the treatment of complex carpal dislocations.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Movements of the pisiform and triquetrum bones and their significance for kinematics of the ulnar wrist].

The purpose of this study is to investigate carpal kinematics with respect to the pisotriquetral joint, before and after pisi-form excision. Five cadaver-hands were studied and a custom-designed plexi-glass-fixation device was used to standardize the wrists for exact passive movements in flexion and extension as well as in ulnar and radial abduction. Five sets of motion were registered before and after excision of the pisiform. Motion of the triquetrum and pisiform were studied by 3D-Motion Analysing Software System (peak 54). The results indicated that the excision of the pisiform does have an influence on the kinematics of the wrist. The movement of the triquetrum was increased after removal of the pisiform. Although the differences in measurement were only a few of millimetres and degrees, we know from the dorsal and palmar intercalated segment instabilities that even minor instabilities can act as a predisposing factor for arthrosis. Therefore, the excision of pisiform must be carefully considered. The common joint between the triquetrum and pisiform supports and indicates relation of their movements. However, the correlation for flexion/extension and radial deviation was high, an obvious correlation of the movements for ulnar deviation was not verifiable.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

[Replacement of the semilunar bone by the pisiform. Description of a new technique for the treatment of Kienboeck's disease].

Kienböck's disease treatment at stage III is difficult. We now present a new technic of replacement of the lunate by the pisiform with its vascular supply and attached to the flexor carpi ulnaris. Nine cases have been operated, on the first one in May 1979, with a follow up of 3 years. For the moment results are fair but we have to wait more to know if the technic is valuable.

Carpal Bones↗