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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Influence of radiation dose rate and lung dose on interstitial pneumonitis after fractionated total body irradiation: acute parotitis may predict interstitial pneumonitis.

This study evaluated patients for the influence of the dose rate and lung dose of fractionated total body irradiation (TBI) in preparation for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) on the subsequent development of interstitial pneumonitis (IP). Sixty-six patients at our institute were treated with TBI followed by BMT. All of the patients received a total TBI dose of 12 Gy given in 6 fractions over 3 days and were divided into 3 groups according to the radiation dose rate and lung dose: group A, lung dose of 8 Gy (n = 18); group B, lung dose of 12 Gy at 8 cGy/min (n = 25); and group C, lung dose of 12 Gy at 19 cGy/min (n = 23). The overall survival rate, the cumulative incidence of relapse, and the cumulative incidence of IP were evaluated in relation to various potential indicators of future IP. There were no significant differences in survival and relapse rates between patient group A and combined groups B and C. Clinically significant IP occurred in 13 patients. The cumulative incidence of IP was significantly higher in patients who developed acute parotitis as indicated by either an elevation in the serum amylase level or parotid pain of grade 1 to 2. There was no difference in IP incidence among groups A, B, and C. There was no significant difference in IP incidence between lung dose values of 8 Gy (with lung shielding) and 12 Gy (without lung shielding) and between dose rate values of 8 cGy/min and 19 cGy/ min, at least when TBI was given in 6 fractions. The presence of acute parotitis during or just after TBI may be a predictor of IP.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nosocomial parotitis.

A total of 22 cases of acute suppurative parotitis are reviewed. The causative factors were severe primary disease with salivary gland hyposecretion related to age (77 years), dehydration, oral inactivity and drugs (19 patients). The oral hygiene was poor and permitted ascending canalicular invasion of resistant staphylococci. The mortality was 27%. The treatment, including preferably cloxacilline and incision, is discussed. To stress the importance of prophylaxis the name "nosocomial parotitis" is suggested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Antibiotic concentrations in saliva of purulent parotitis.

In patients with unilateral acute purulent parotitis treated with penicillin and doxycycline the antibiotic concentration was determined in plasma and saliva from both the healthy and the affected parotid gland. The results show that the penicillin concentrations in purulent saliva of the diseased gland is considerably higher than in non-purulent saliva of the healthy parotid gland. There was no such marked difference in concentrations of doxycycline. The possible mechanisms behind these observations are discussed as are the conclusions that can be drawn concerning treatment of acute purulent and chronic recurrent parotitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

The epidemiology of epidemic parotitis in the USSR.

Morbidity from epidemic parotitis in the USSR in the period from 1958 to 1972 ranged within the limits of 266.6 and 521.7 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. A 3--4 years cyclic recurrence of rises and falls in morbidity was observed. The bulk of cases of disease occur in the winter-spring period. In towns, parotitis is registered 3 times more frequently, in the mean, than in rural districts. More than 95% of patients in the USSR consisted of children under 15, while in Moscow, children aged 3--5 years were the most affected group. In Moscow in the period from February 1, 1972 to January 31, 1973, the morbidity in men was 493.2 per 100 000 and in women 339.5 per 100 000 (ratio 1:1.45).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Chronic recurrent parotitis in childhood].

INTRODUCTION: Chronic recurrent parotitis is an uncommon disease in childhood. Its cause remains unknown. METHODS: Retrospective study of 30 patients with recurrent parotitis followed up at our hospital during the last 4 years. Guidelines for the management of this disease, as well as the main epidemiological data, diagnostic tests performed, treatments given and outcome, are presented. RESULTS: Mean age at onset of symptoms was 6 years. The most common pattern was 34 attacks per year. The most common clinical features were pyrexia and painful swelling. Pus (through Stensen's duct) was absent in most patients. Mean duration of each episode was 1 week. CONCLUSION: The epidemiological data were similar to those found by other authors. In all cases, diagnosis was made by sialography, a technique that may itself resolve symptoms. Ultrasonography is also useful and, because it is innocuous, it could be a first step investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Acrylamid- and immunelectrophoretic separations of human parotid secretions from individuals with parotid tumors, chronic parotitis and sialadenosis (author's transl)].

After previous examinations in normal parotid glands in this paper secretion of proteins in parotid glands with pleomorphic adenomas, Whartin tumors, parotid carcinomas, chronic parotitis and sialadenosis should be studied. Different discelectrophoretic and immunelectrophoretic runs were done. Thereby we got the following changes in electrophoreses: Pleomorphic adenomas generally show a more palid pattern in band-structure, caused by the diminished proteinconcentration in the secretions. Most remarkable are thereby the c1 and d1-4-bands. Immunelectrophoretic separations are normal. Whartin tumors show a different bandpattern in the anodal near gel region, which is enpowered by immunelectrophoretic runs. Secretions from parotid carcinomas show a characteristic change in bandstructure. There are found added bands which result from serumproteins as immunelectrophoretic examinations proof. The same is found in glands with parotitis in contrary to glands with sialadenosis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1991

Parotitis in a three-year-old.

Facial swelling cannot routinely be attributed to dento-alveolar infections until a thorough head, neck and oral examination has been completed. Facial swelling from parotitis is not commonly encountered in the pediatric patient. The purpose of this report was to document a case of unilateral parotid gland infection presumably secondary to traumatic obstruction of Stenson's duct. The parotitis resolved following a course of oral penicillin VK and lemon juice to stimulate salivary flow. Several parotid gland disorders which involve facial swelling were discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

[Chronic recurrent parotitis in children. Apropos of 25 cases].

The clinical, analytical and radiological findings of 25 cases of recurrent parotitis aging 2 to 12 years are reviewed. The greater incidence in males, the preferentially unilateral localization and the absence of an associated pathology or immunological defect is pointed out, considering the chronic recurrent parotitis and independent pathology. The value of sialography as a diagnostic method is confirmed, finding alterations in 90% of cases. The alterations of the acinar system represented as sialectasias were the most commonly found (86.9%), following in order of frequency the alterations of the ductal system (70%). Spontaneous recuperation with less frequent episodes in adolescence is common, and complications are rare, so that we consider symptomatic treatment appropriate, reserving surgical treatment for complicated cases.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Recurrent parotitis in children. A report of 102 cases.

This article presents 102 cases of recurrent parotitis in children with studies of clinical findings, sialographic manifestations, dynamic functions of the parotid gland examined with radionuclide, laboratory findings and follow-up studies of 28 cases with sialography. The following conclusions are reached: 1. Retrograde infection induced by the mumps virus and upper respiratory infection seem to play a major role in the etiology of recurrent parotitis. Familial abnormalities are potential factors. Incomplete immune functions of the children are factors related to the pathogenesis, and following growth and development of the immune system, this disease will undergo remission; 2. Sequential scintigraphy shows normal uptake and retarded excretion function of the parotid; 3. Long-term follow-up studies demonstrate that the patients are free from symptoms for many years, but the punctate dilatation in sialography may diminish, disappear, or be unchanged; and 4. If the disease is not cured in childhood, it may continue into adulthood and healing will take place eventually. Relationship with Sjogren's syndrome has not been revealed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Nosocomial gram-negative parotitis.

Nosocomial parotitis is an uncommon postoperative complication, usually affecting elderly, debilitated, dehydrated patients. The preponderance of gram-positive pathogens has been emphasized. The authors present two cases of gram-negative parotitis and review the literature on this condition. Because the organisms producing nosocomial infection in patients receiving intensive care are commonly gram-negative bacilli, treatment should be based on the findings of Gram's staining of the pus obtained from Stensen's duct, altered when necessary by the final culture results.

Cross Infection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recognition and management of acute suppurative parotitis.

Acute suppurative parotitis (ASP) is a rare infectious process occurring after surgery or in debilitated patients. This case describes a 41-year-old man who was hospitalized initially for acute bacterial endocarditis. Late in the hospital course his recovery was complicated by the development of ASP. Subsequent cultures of blood and parotid-fluid samples grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Despite early empiric antibiotic therapy followed by more specific therapy with an aminoglycoside, the patient continued to experience severe pain, swelling, and facial-nerve palsy. Surgical incision and drainage of the parotid gland was accomplished on the ninth day after onset of ASP, and the patient experienced a rapid resolution of the disease process. Acute suppurative parotitis was originally attributed to infection with gram-positive organisms, primarily Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. More recently, reports of ASP caused by gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria have been published. This review describes the etiology, pathogenesis, microbiology, and clinical features of ASP. Nonpharmacologic, pharmacologic, and surgical management of the disease is discussed. Although ASP is a rare occurrence in the hospital setting, early recognition and appropriate management are important in avoiding serious morbidity and mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Glandular kallikrein in chronic recurrent parotitis].

Salivary kallikrein was measured in the parotid saliva of 11 patients suffering from chronic recurrent parotitis and 15 healthy control persons. While in the control group kallikrein levels from 1-4 U/l could be registrated, the results obtained from patients were significantly elevated and varied between 23,45 U/l and 89,41 U/l. Release of kallikrein from destroyed duct cells is suggested to be the origin of the elevated salivary levels of this enzyme in chronic recurrent parotitis. A leakage of glandular kallikrein into the interstitial fluid and thereby release of kallidin from kininogen is discussed as a possible mechanism in the development of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical aspects and treatment of postoperative parotitis].

The clinical picture and treatment of postoperative parotitis in 31 patients are described. An early operation is recommended in case of the failure of conservative therapy. 22 patients were operated upon, 11 out of them recovered, and 11 died. Postoperative parotitis is directly responsible for the death of three out of them.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Serum autoantibodies in recurrent parotitis in children.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent parotitis in children is a relatively frequent disease, the pathogenesis of which has not been cleared yet. OBJECTIVES: The possibility of autoimmune mechanisms participating in the disease development was evaluated. METHODS: 20 sera samples from patients with recurrent parotitis in children were examined. The presence of autoantibodies was tested on cryostat sections of the parotid gland tissue using direct immunofluorescence. RESULTS: In 17 sera the presence of autoantibodies reacting with the cytoplasm of acinar cells and in 8 antibodies reacting with the cytoplasm of ductal cells were found. Mostly they were of IgM class, less frequently the IgG type. Anti-nuclear antibodies were not identified. CONCLUSIONS: With regard to the clinical finding of isolated and mostly unilateral affliction of the parotid gland, the found autoantibodies cannot be considered pathognomic, causing an autoimmune disease. It is assumed that these autoantibodies are produced in response to the primary damage of the salivary gland, the cause of which has not been fully explained so far. (Tab. 1, Fig. 4, Ref. 14.).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The activity of the glutathione antioxidative system in the blood of patients with acute nonepidemic parotitis].

Activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and malate dehydrogenase were measured in the blood of 38 patients with acute nonepidemic parotitis and the status of glutathione antioxidant system assessed. The predominance of free-radical processes in the mechanisms of impairment of the parotid gland was confirmed. Increased level of lipid peroxidation products and decompensation of glutathione antioxidant system were found to be due to incompetence of the malate shuttle and low activity of G-6-PDH. A conclusion is made about the necessity of revising current approaches to prevention and therapy of acute nonepidemic parotitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The auto-oxidative system of the acinar cells in acute postoperative parotitis].

The major constituents of acinar cell auto-oxidative system in acute postoperative parotitis were determined in experiments on 32 dogs. Two types of cellular reactions were identified: free-radical processes with increased levels of lipid peroxidation products and insufficiency of enzymatic and nonenzymatic glutathion antioxidants and reaction of defense metabolism inhibition. A conclusion is made about the necessity of altering the current methods for prevention and therapy of postoperative parotitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Salivary factors in children with recurrent parotitis. Part 2: Protein, albumin, amylase, IgA, lactoferrin lysozyme and kallikrein concentrations.

The concentrations of total protein, albumin, amylase, IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme and kallikrein in parotid saliva from 17 children with juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) in a non-active phase of disease and in healthy controls of the same number, sex and age were analysed after gustatory stimulation with 1%, 2% and 6% citric acid. There was a great individual variation in all analysed variables, especially in saliva from the diseased glands. Significantly raised levels of albumin, IgA, lactoferrin and kallikrein were found in the saliva from the JRP-children compared with the controls (p < 0.01-0.001), while total protein and alpha-amylase did not differ significantly. The sialo-chemical findings are discussed in the light of histological and bacteriological findings and support the hypothesis that the etiology of juvenile recurrent parotitis is a combination of congenital malformation of portions of the salivary ducts and a set-in infection.

Adolescent↗