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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Prophylactic antiemetics for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparison of perphenazine, droperidol plus ondansetron, and droperidol plus metoclopramide.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the prophylactic administration of ondansetron plus droperidol, droperidol plus metoclopramide, and perphenazine to determine effects on postoperative nausea, vomiting, and sedation after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind study. SETTING: University medical center. PATIENTS: 212 ASA physical status I and II adults presenting for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomly assigned to receive one of three prophylactic antiemetic drug combinations: ondansetron 4 mg plus droperidol 0.625 mg (Group OD), droperidol 0.625 mg plus metoclopramide 10 mg (Group DM), or perphenazine 5 mg (Group P). Study drugs were administered intravenously after induction of general anesthesia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The groups were similar with respect to gender, age, weight, duration of surgery, numbers of patients receiving intraoperative atropine or ephedrine, number admitted overnight, and time to discharge home. Patients in Group P used lower total doses of opioids than did patients in Group OD. There were no significant differences in postoperative nausea, pain, or sedation scores, in numbers of patients requiring antiemetics (Group OD, 13 of 66; Group DM, 15 of 66; Group P, 14 of 68), or in numbers of patients vomiting, either in hospital or during the first postoperative day. CONCLUSIONS: These three drug regimens are equivalent for antiemetic prophylaxis before laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Amperometric detection of perphenazine at a carbon fiber micro-disk bundle electrode by capillary zone electrophoresis.

A simple method for determination of perphenazine by capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection is described. The optimum conditions of separation and detection are 1.50 x 10(-3) mol/l Na(2)B(4)O(7)-1.0 x 10(-3) mol/l NaOH (pH 9.9) for the buffer solution, 18 kV for the separation voltage, 5 kV and 5 s for the injection voltage and the injection time, and 0.80 V versus saturated calomel electrode for the detection potential, respectively. The limit of detection is 5.0 x 10(-8) mol/l or 44 amol (S/N=3). The linear range of the calibration curve is 1.00 x 10(-7) to 1.00 x 10(-4) mol/l. The relative standard deviation is 1.5% for the migration time and 2.9% for the electrophoretic current at peak maximum. The method is applied to the determination of perphenazine in human urine.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1975

Interspecies study on the effect of perphenazine on milk yield and composition.

The effects on lactation of perphenazine, a tranquillizer which increases the level of prolactin in the blood, have been studied in cows, goats, guinea-pigs and rabbits. The drug caused a significant depression of milk yield in cows, goats and rabbits, but was without effect on the milk yield of guinea-pigs. It seems probable that the inhibitory effects on lactation were due to the actions of the drug on appetite and behaviour. It is concluded that perphenazine, because of its other actions, is not a suitable agent for studying the physiological effects of increased levels of endogenous prolactin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the assay of perphenazine and its dealkylated metabolite in serum after therapeutic doses.

A new high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the assay of perphenazine and its dealkylated metabolite is presented. The procedure is based on the use of thiethylperazine maleate as internal standard. Concentrations of perphenazine and its dealkylated metabolite could be analysed simultaneously in serum from patients being treated with the drug. The intraassay variability was 6.5% and 8.5% and the interassay variability 8.9% and 11.1% for drug and metabolite, respectively.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed2001

Therapeutic drug monitoring of haloperidol, perphenazine, and zuclopenthixol in serum by a fully automated sequential solid phase extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography.

In Denmark, haloperidol, perphenazine, and zuclopenthixol are among the most frequently requested antipsychotics for therapeutic drug monitoring. With the number of requests made at the authors' laboratory, the only rational analysis is one that can measure all three drugs simultaneously. The authors therefore decided to develop an automated high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Two milliliters serum, 2.0 mL 10 mmol/L sodium phosphate buffer (pH 5.5), and 150 microL internal standard (trifluoperazine) solution were pipetted into HPLC vials and extracted on an ASPEC XL equipped with 1 mL (50 mg) Isolute C2 (EC) extraction columns and acetonitrile-methanol-ammonium acetate buffer (60:34:6) as extracting solution. Three hundred fifty microliters was analyzed by HPLC; a 150 x 4.6-mm S5CN Spherisorb column with a mobile phase of 10 mmol/L ammonium acetate buffer-methanol (1:9), a flow rate of 0.6-1.7 mL/min, and ultraviolet detection at 256 and 245 nm were used. Reproducibility was 5-12% and the lower limit of quantitation was 10, 1, and 5 nmol/L (4, 0.4, and 2 ng/mL) for haloperidol, perphenazine, and zuclopenthixol, respectively. The method was found to be sufficiently selective and robust for routine analysis.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome during perphenazine treatment.

A 50-year old woman developed symptoms of a neuroleptic malignant syndrome with myoglobinuric renal failure during treatment with perphenazine. After discontinuation of perphenazine and repetitive haemodialysis, the patient recovered. Clinical characteristics of the syndrome, differential diagnosis and various therapeutic possibilities are shortly reviewed.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1969

Chromosome abnormalities in patients treated with chlorpromazine, perphenazine, and lysergide.

In a chromosome study on leucocyte cultures made in 13 patients treated with chlorpromazine, 15 treated with perphenazine, and nine treated with lysergide, a significantly higher frequency of gaps, breaks, and hypodiploid cells in the patients treated with perphenazine and lysergide occurred compared with the 41 controls studied. It is concluded that if some drugs can induce major chromosome abnormalities, and less toxic alternatives are available, the latter should be used in preference.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Amoxapine versus amitriptyline combined with perphenazine in the treatment of psychotic depression.

In a double-blind study lasting for 4 weeks, the authors compared the effectiveness of amoxapine, an antidepressant with potential antipsychotic properties, with a combination of amitriptyline plus perphenazine in the treatment of 38 patients who had the diagnosis of major depression with psychotic features (psychotic or delusional depression). Patients in each group showed similar improvement in depression and psychosis. There was a tendency for the patients treated with amitriptyline plus perphenazine to have higher global response rates. However, the patients given amoxapine had significantly fewer extrapyramidal side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Perphenazine-induced priapism.

A 29-year-old man experienced four episodes of prolonged painful erection while being treated with perphenazine for paranoid schizophrenia. Each episode of priapism lasted five hours or longer. On two occasions, aspiration of blood from the corpora cavernosa resulted in detumescence; the other episodes were successfully managed with operative shunting of blood from the congested cavernosa. Perphenazine was discontinued after the fourth episode of priapism and antipsychotic treatment with thiothixene was subsequently initiated. During 16 months of follow-up, the patient has reported normal erections without repeat episodes of priapism.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Estrogen in high doses inhibits perphenazine-induced prolactin release.

We investigated the effects of high doses of estrogen on the basal and stimulated secretion of PRL. Daily administration of 0.1 micrograms estradiol benzoate to female mice for 4 weeks significantly increased the amplitude of PRL release induced by perphenazine. A dose of 1.0 micrograms had no stimulatory effect, while doses of 10, 20, and 50 micrograms completely prevented the release of PRL in response to perphenazine. The rise in basal serum PRL concentrations seen at lower doses of estradiol benzoate was also minimized with 20- and 50-micrigrams doses. At the same time, PRL concentrations within the pituitary gland as well as pituitary weight consistently increased in response to all high doses of estradiol benzoate tested, although the increment at the highest dose (50 micrograms) was somewhat smaller. These results suggest that prolonged administration of estrogen in large amounts may be detrimental to the natural, acute release of PRL. We postulate that this effect may account, in part, for the observed mammostatic and antigalactic effects of high doses of estrogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of bromocriptine and perphenazine on male accessory sex glands II. Ultrastructure of the seminal vesicles.

The effects of prolactin (PRL) and androgen on the seminal vesicles of immature C3H/HeJ mice were studied. Glands from controls exhibited secretory activity and full differentiation. Glands from castrates were small, markedly atrophic with some stromal hyperplasia and moderate leukocytic infiltration. Testosterone-treated castrates were similar to intact controls. Perphenazine appeared to stimulate the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), Golgi, and secretory activity of the epithelium in the intact and castrated mice. Normal secretory granules were not made in the perphenazine-treated castrates, but a flocculent material usually was present in the RER, Golgi, and secretory vacuoles. Bromocriptine reduced cell height and secretory activity in intact mice and promoted anaplasia and epithelial proliferation in castrates. PRL seems to be required for the seminal vesicles to complete and maintain cytological development, but the effect of PRL may be different in the presence or absence of testicular androgens.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of perphenazine and bromocriptine on male accessory sex glands. III. The prostate gland.

The in vivo morphologic effects of androgen, perphenazine (a prolactin release stimulator), and bromocriptine (a prolactin release inhibitor) on the ventral prostate glands of immature intact and castrate C3H/HeJ mice were studied. Normal prostatic stromal and epithelial development was controlled by testicular androgens. Stromal proliferation and epithelial degeneration followed prepubertal castration at 21 d of age. These changes were reversed after 17-19 or 35-37 d of testosterone administration for 2 wk. In castrate mice, perphenazine administration produced near normal epithelial morphology, whereas bromocriptine stimulated principal cell hyperplasia with basal cell enlargement and increased mitotic activity. In the absence of testicular androgens, prolactin may partially control epithelial proliferation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Ovarian responses to perphenazine-induced prolactin secretion in the rats: Effect of ovulation, stress, and steroids.

A single injection of 2.5 mg perphenazine (PH)/kg body wt to rats on the day of estrus (day 0) did not result in increased serum progesterone 24 hr later. Continued daily injections, however, resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in serum progesterone between days 1 and 3 and a 1.6-fold increase between days 3 and 5 to a final concentration of 58 plus or minus 4 ng/ml on day 5 in serially anesthetized and bled rats. Neither daily administration of 5.0 nor 10.0 mg PH/kg body wt to rats subjected to the stressful conditions of this regimen resulted in further increases in serum progesterone, but the 5.0 mg dose of PH in unstressed rats bled only on day 5 resulted in a highly significant increase in serum progesterone to 110 plus or minus 7 ng/ml. In unstressed rats the increase in serum progesterone over control values after five daily injections of 2.5 mg PH/kg body wt could be attributed to decreased 20alpha-reduction of progesterone, but when the dose of PH was increased to 5.0 mg/kg, a highly significant increase in both progesterone and total progestins occurred indicating that prolactin can increase steroidogenesis as well as reduce 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. After inhibition of ovulation, the 5.0 mg daily dose of PH resulted in serum progesterone of only 25 plus or minus 8 ng/ml on day 5 in unstressed rats. Thus, serum progesterone in ovulating rats treated with PH originated primarily in the corpora lutea. Perphenazine, 5.0 mg/kg, administered only on estrus and the first day of diestrus was sufficient to induce pseudopregnancy of 14.5 plus or minus 1.6 days. No evidence for gonadotropin stimulation of the ovaries of any rats was observed. The effect of stress on the progesterone response was not mimicked by administration of cortisol acetate and is assumed to be medicated by suppression of prolactin secretion.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Capillary zone electrophoresis determination of perphenazine in pharmaceutical preparations and in human serum.

Perphenazine belongs to the group of phenothiazine-based neuroleptic drugs frequently used in the long-term treatment of psychotic disorders. In this work, a new capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method for the rapid determination of perphenazine (PPZ) in pharmaceutical preparations and human blood serum was developed. Using solid-phase extraction (SPE) as a preclean/purification and preconcentration step before CZE analysis, a detection limit of 3 ng/mL for the monitoring of PPZ in blood serum (for a signal-to-noise ratio of 3) was reached.

Acetonitriles↗
PubMed1991

[Therapy control of perphenazine in paranoid conditions. 1. Organizational aspects].

A prospective investigation was carried out in the Department of Psychiatry, Odense University Hospital, on therapy control by serum monitoring of the neuroleptic, perphenazine for a period of one year. Newly admitted patients requiring treatment for paranoid symptoms, excluding mania, were offered medication with perphenazine (fixed dosage, oral or parenteral (depot)) which would be serum-monitored. A global record was made of the therapeutic effect and the side-effects by the physicians in the department. In the investigation period, 605 admissions were registered in the department, of them 363 were prospectively registered in the investigation. In all 199 were found to satisfy the inclusion criteria. Either one or two blood tests were carried out on each of 141 patients in the treatment period, i.e. six weeks. The gap in registration is consistent with the result from other investigations. Participation in the investigation varied from ward to ward (33%-87%). The reason for the variation is mainly due to different treatment procedures and traditions. The main conclusion drawn from the investigation is that it is possible to set up a stable treatment/serum-monitored system. In the majority of cases, the team of physicians in the department succeeded in finding the dosage most appropriate on the basis of the serum concentration level. Laboratory recommendations were followed in 93% of the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Prolactin response to perphenazine. A sensitive and specific test for pituitary tumor in hyperprolactinemic women.

A simple biochemical screening test for prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors is needed because computed tomography is expensive and may be insensitive in the detection of microadenomas. We compared serial prolactin levels following perphenazine stimulation in 20 women with histologically documented tumors to those in 22 normal controls. In addition, seven women who were diagnosed as having functional (nontumor) hyperprolactinemia were tested. All subjects were given perphenazine, 8 mg orally. Baseline and hourly serum prolactins for six hours were compared. A 200% or greater response occurred in all control patients and functional hyperprolactinemic subjects within six hours following medication. Without exception, tumor patients exhibited a markedly blunted or absent response. This markedly diminished response pattern was compatible with the presence of a pituitary adenoma and suggests that the presence of a tumor interferes with normal pituitary secretory responsiveness.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Long-term depot neuroleptic treatment with perphenazine decanoate. II. Different depot intervals in the last 6 months of a 12 month study of 42 drug monitored psychotic patients.

In order to investigate the feasibility of administering perphenazine decanoate (PD) at three week intervals the 42 patients participating in the previously reported open, prospective 12 month study were, after six months, treated according to the following scheme: 21 patients continued to receive injections every two weeks (group I), whereas in the remaining 21 patients the intervals between injections were extended to 3 weeks (group II). Both groups continued to respond equally well to therapy. Moreover it was observed that the mean daily dose of perphenazine was significantly reduced when using 3 weeks intervals. This study demonstrates that PD administered every 3 weeks is a safe and effective remedy for maintenance therapy in psychotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

GABAergic, dopaminergic and cholinergic interactions in perphenazine-induced catatonia in rats.

Anticatatonic effects of systemic and intracerebroventricularly administered GABAergic agents (GABA, muscimol piracetam, sod. valproate) were studied in rats against perphenazine-induced catatonia. All GABAergic agents, except piracetam, were found to posses anticatatonic actions as they significantly blocked perphenazine-induced catatonia. When these GABAergic agents were administered simultaneously with anticholinergic (scopolamine) or dopaminergic (bromocriptine) substances there was potentiation of the anticatatonic effect. The protective effect of GABAergic agonists and GABA antagonist and its modification by anticholinergic and dopaminergic agents has been explained on the basis of neurotransmitter interaction.

Animals↗