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PubMedDate not supplied

[Nonverbal communication of elderly patients facing the pain process].

This qualitative study aims at identifying which mechanisms are used by elderly patients to express pain when they are not able to use verbal communication. It relies on the accounts and interpretations of 6 nurses working in a clinical service unit dedicated to the treatment of the elderly at a hospital in São Paulo. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, recorded and transcribed for hermeneutic analysis. Data were grouped together in selected analytical categories related to pain and communication, which showed that nurses' interactions with patients notice attitudes and changes. The prompt interpretation and identification of these cues and symptoms of pain lead to better nursing care.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Personality, emotional state, and perception of nonverbal communications.

The study investigated whether emotionally provoking disagreements between 36 marriage partners influenced their ability to identify each other's feelings from tone of voice cues. The results suggested that among the males the ability of stable introverts to identify increased after disagreements, while that of neurotic introverts decreased (p smaller than 0.01).

Cues↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experiences of voluntary visitors with nonverbal communication in interaction with confused elderly patients in nursing homes].

20 confused elderly in nursing homes (average age 82), who were socially isolated and dependent of nursing care resulting from dementia and institutional factors, were visited by students of social work and student nurses of the elderly. The voluntary visitors were trained in client-centered therapy, reality orientation, non-verbal communication, sensory training, reinforcing daily functions and occupational therapy. The experiences with verbal and non-verbal communication (visual and hearing contact and touching) and with difficulties with the confused elderly, with feelings and the environmental factors are described. The visiting results in better understanding of the confused elderly and in increasing of supporting relationship. Confusion was ameliorated only in some confused elderly. Recommendations are given for voluntary visitors.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Nonverbal communications and psychotherapy].

The authors review the research on non-verbal communications in therapy; they distinguish between psychoanalytic, psychiatric, phenomenological and ecosystemic approaches and compare their respective methodologies. They show that the structural approach is the most advanced as far as systematic description of non-verbal behavior is concerned and therefore is presently the most promising for the inference of the therapeutic process.

Humans↗
PubMed1976

Clothing as a nonverbal communicator or sexual attitudes and behavior.

To test the hypotheses that people believe that certain kinds and styles of clothing are indicative of liberal sexual attitudes and behavior and these beliefs are correct, questionnaires were filled out by 259 subjects. These questionnaires asked each subject for the frequencies with which he wore various items and styles of clothing, his attitude toward premarital sexual relations, the number of persons with whom he had had sexual relations, the frequencies with which he believed sexually liberal men and women wore various items and styles of clothing, and the frequencies with which he felt sexually conservative men and women wore various items and styles of clothing. Correlations showed that, although subjects believed that a large number of items and styles of clothing are indicative of liberal sexual attitudes and behavior, only a few items and styles actually were associated with liberal sexual attitudes and reported behavior.

Attitude↗
PubMed2005

[Analysis of nonverbal communication of ostomy patients due to bowel cancer in a focus group].

This study aimed to analyze the frequency of efficient and inefficient behavior in members of a group of ostomy patients due to bowel cancer. An exploratory and observational field study took place at a public service hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. The population consisted of 5 persons who joined in a group. After approval by the institutional Ethics Committee, 5 meetings were held in October and November 2001, guided by the following themes "me before getting ill", "me ill and the treatment", "me recovering with an ostomy", "me and daily life", "me in this group". Data were collected through videotaping of the meetings and field diary records, and were subject to quantitative analysis by means of tables and graphs, on the basis of an established model. The preponderance of rigidity and competitiveness in the intragroup relationships was explicit and determined stagnation and stereotyped attitudes in interaction.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Nonverbal communication by the presurgical patient].

Throughout human history, besides oral language, man has used other forms of communication which are known as non-verbal. From the three components of the basic structure of human communication, language, paralanguage and kinesthesia, we have chosen the last one, kinesthesia, to develop our project. Kinesthesia studies the gestures, mannerisms and postures, or in other words all body movements and positions which occur as part of our speech or independent to it. This project proposes to analyze presurgical patients' kinesthetic manifestations. We have observed that some patients do not verbally express their fears, anxieties, nervousness, etc; nonetheless, bodies do respond with similar gestures and movements in persons of varying age, sex, socio-cultural level and pathology. It is difficult to be certain what another human being feels at any given moment. One may ask a person, but he/she can refuse to answer, he/she can lie or maybe he/she does not even know what his/her feeling is. In spite of the fact that the level of information a patient possesses is higher all the time, since this is one of the primary objectives all health professionals have, one doubt remains: Will a person who has all the possible information regarding his/her surgery at his/her disposition feel the same degree of anxiety as the person who does not have such complete information available to him/her?

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Verbal and nonverbal communication of events in learning-disability subtypes.

This study compared a group of nondisabled children (ND) with groups of learning-disabled children who were primarily impaired in reading and arithmetic skills (Reading-Arithmetic Disabled; RAD) and arithmetic but not reading (Arithmetic Disabled; AD) on a set of tasks involving comprehension and production of verbally and nonverbally presented events. Children viewed videotaped scenarios presented in verbal (narrative) and nonverbal (puppet actors) formats and were asked to describe or enact with puppets the events depicted in the stories. Rourke (1978, 1982) has shown that RAD children have problems with verbal skills, whereas AD children have problems with nonverbal skills. Consequently, it was hypothesized that children's performance in comprehending and reproducing stories would be related to the type of learning disability. Results showed that RAD children made more errors than AD children with verbal presentations and describe-responses, whereas AD children made more errors than RAD children with nonverbal presentations and enact-responses. In addition, learning disabled children were more likely than controls to misinterpret affect and motivation depicted in the stories. These results show that learning disabled children have problems with social communication skills, but that the nature of these problems varies with the type of learning disability.

Affect↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of chronic global aphasia with a nonverbal communication system.

Four chronic global aphasics were treated with Blissymbols (C. K. Bliss, 1965, Semantography-Blissymbolics, Sydney: Semantography Pub.). As soon as possible the therapeutic communication was based solely on the use of the symbols. Three patients seemed to benefit from therapy. In one case therapy had to be discontinued because of massive perseveration. In one patient expression of needs relied solely on the use of the symbols. In another, expressive speech could be restored to such an extent that communication by the use of symbols was discontinued.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Constipation--a sign of a disease to be treated surgically, or a symptom to be deciphered as nonverbal communication?

Constipation is not a sign but a symptom, which is not measurable scientifically. It has emotional components and must be dealt with in a holistic manner. The scientific approach aims only at the physiological derangement and serves to place the complaint in a more objective perspective. An algorithm can be constructed to select treatment including surgery, but there is no gold standard at present because the natural history of the symptoms is unknown. Most physicians confuse normality with epidemiology, neglecting in the process the evolution of mankind in terms of behavior. Constipation now means less than five stools per week, while it used to mean three. Thus, all complaints should be addressed. As for surgery, it should be performed in few, high select patients with no dysfunction other than that in the colon and in conjunction with a fully normal thorough psychological evaluation.

Adult↗