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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Malignant triton tumor of the nasal cavity.

BACKGROUND: Malignant triton tumor is usually an aggressive sarcoma consisting of a malignant schwannoma with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. However, malignant triton tumor of the nasal cavity is very rare. METHODS: A case report of a 38-year-old woman with polypoid mass, which bled easily in the right nasal cavity, and nasal obstruction is presented with a review of the literature pertaining to this unusual case. RESULTS: The malignant triton tumor was treated with wide surgical excision followed by radiation therapy. Histopathological diagnosis of the malignant triton tumor was made on the surgical specimen. The patient's postoperative course was unremarkable, and follow-up at 5 years reveals no evidence of disease. CONCLUSIONS: A malignant triton tumor in the nasal cavity is a rare disease. Head and neck surgeons should recognize the possibility of malignant triton tumor occurring in the nasal cavity.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Tumours of the nasal cavity.

Tumours of the nasal cavity are rare in domestic animals, most cases occurring in the dog. Epithelial tumours are the most common type in carnivores (dogs and cats). In general, the same types of tumour occur in domestic animals as occur in man. There was no significant predisposition for breed in dogs, but in both dogs and cats far more males than females were affected. Metastases occurred only rarely.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Rhino-sinusitis related to endosseous implants extending into the nasal cavity. A case report.

Rhino-sinusitis may develop as a result of an altered airflow in the nasal cavity causing irritation of the nasal mucosa. A patient is presented who developed recurrent rhino-sinusitis complaints following placement of endosseous implants in the maxilla. Inspection of the nasal floor revealed that two implants had perforated the floor of the nasal cavity. The part of the implants protruding in the nasal cavity was surgically resected via an endonasal approach whereupon the rhino-sinusitis complaints disappeared.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Nasal cavity carcinogenesis by N-nitrosamines: a critical appraisal.

This review is a critical appraisal of our current knowledge on nasal cavity carcinogenesis by nitrosamines. The pathology and pathogenesis of nitrosamine-induced tumors in the nasal cavity of rodents is summarized while controversies on the underlying molecular mechanisms are discussed in more detail. Investigations on the distribution of metabolically competent cell types, the cellular site(s) of nitrosamine metabolism, as well as reports on the cellular distribution and persistence of DNA-adducts strongly suggest that DNA-adducts formed from reactive metabolites are not immediately responsible for the genesis of nasal cavity tumors. A preexisting high proliferative ability has also been suggested as a factor rendering certain cell types more susceptible to the carcinogenic actions of nitrosamines in the nasal cavity. However, this hypothesis has been clearly rejected by more recent investigations. Recent studies have shown that nitrosamines can stimulate the secretion of growth factors via interaction with neurotransmitter receptors in the lungs and that this molecular mechanism is an important factor in determining the histological phenotype of the developing lung tumors. In light of the fact that secretory cells are the main sites of DNA-adduct accumulation and toxic lesions in the nasal cavities of nitrosamine treated rodents, it is suggested that similar mechanisms may mediate the genesis of nitrosamine-induced nasal cavity tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Endoscopic resection of benign and malignant tumors in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus].

Endoscopic resection of nasal and paranasal sinus tumors is more aesthetic and less invasive than conventional resection, such as Luc's operation and lateral rhinotomy. We clarified the effect of radical endoscopic tumor excision and the control of local bleeding hazardous in endoscopic surgery. Subjects were patients with benign lesions in the nasal cavity, medial wall of the maxillary sinus, ethmoid sinus, and/or sphenoid sinus without concurrent malignant lesions. Although patients selection for malignant tumor excision was based on (1) possible en bloc resection, (2) low-grade malignant tumors, and (3) tumors in the nasal cavity and adjoining paranasal sinus, the final decision was made individual. Subjects were 23 patients with benign tumor (10 inverted papilloma, 9 hemangioma, 2 juvenile angiofibroma, and 2 other tumors) and 4 with malignant tumor (olfactory neuroblastoma, acinic cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and chondroid chordoma) in the nasal and paranasal sinus. The tumor was resected en bloc except for patients with inverted papilloma (2 cases) and chondroid chordoma. Recurrence in benign tumors was zero during a mean observation of 21 months. One with chondroid chordoma, however, suffered a recurrent lesion 7 months after the initial operation. The lesion was successfully salvaged by a similar endoscopic procedure and subsequently treated with electron beam irradiation. Preoperative arterial embolization, laser coagulation, and ligation of the sphenopalatine artery were very useful in reducing blood loss during surgery and maintaining a clear endoscopic view. In intraoperative bleeding volume, less than 100 ml of bleeding occurred during surgery in 23 of 27 patients. The endoscopic excision of benign lesions in the nasal and paranasal sinus is thus as effective as conventional radical surgery. Endoscopic removal of malignant lesions remains controversial because of the small number of patients and short postoperative observation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical localisation of six glutathione S-transferases within the nasal cavity of the rat.

Many xenobiotics induce lesions within the nasal cavity of experimental animals which are site specific. This site selectivity may be due to regional deposition within the nasal cavity and/or the localisation of biotransformation enzymes. We have developed methodology which allows immunohistochemical localisation of xenobiotic biotransformation enzymes in transverse sections of the rat nasal cavity identical to those normally taken for pathological examination. We report the application of this methodology to six isoenzymes of the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). All six isoenzymes were predominantly located within olfactory epithelium covering the ethmoturbinates (levels III and IV) and extending forwards into the dorsal meatus (level II). Squamous and transitional epithelia showed little or no staining while respiratory epithelium was weakly stained. Within the respiratory epithelium only the ciliated columnar cells and, to a lesser extent, some of the seromucous glands contained GSTs. Within olfactory epithelium the sustentacular cells, basal cells and subepithelial glands all stained positive for GSTs. The different cell types of olfactory epithelium preferentially express different GST isoenzymes: 1-1 and 2-2 were predominantly located in the subepithelial glands; 3-3, 4-4 and 8-8 in sustentacular and basal cells; 7-7 in basal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Capillary hemangioma of the nasal cavity. Apropos of a case].

The nasal haemangiomas are a very rare cause of epistaxis and nasal obstruction. We report a case of capillary haemangioma with the appearance of a large pedunculated nasal polyp, which was located in the middle area of the right nasal cavity's roof. We also report the clinical and histopathological findings, the differential diagnosis and the therapeutic approach of these benign angiomatous tumors.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1982

Sequential changes in tumor development induced by 1,4-dinitrosopiperazine in the nasal cavity of F344 rats.

Tumor development was examined sequentially in the nasal cavity of male F344 rats given 0.01% 1,4-dinitrosopiperazine (DNP) in their drinking water for various periods. Rats were sacrificed at 10-week intervals for up to Week 50. On continuous DNP administration, simple hyperplasia of the nasal cavity epithelium was observed from Week 10, papillary hyperplasia, nodular hyperplasia, and papilloma was observed from Week 20, and carcinoma was observed from Week 30. Carcinoma was observed in 100% of the animals given DNP for 50 weeks. The carcinomas were adenocarcinomas (86%), adenosquamous cell carcinomas (10%), and undifferentiated carcinomas (4%). Simple hyperplasia was distributed evenly in the nasal cavity. Seventy % of the nodular hyperplasias and 81% of the carcinomas were located in the ethmoturbinate and about 75% of the papillary hyperplasias and papillomas were located in the nasoturbinate and maxilloturbinate. These findings suggest that nodular hyperplasia is very important as a precursor of carcinoma in the nasal cavity of rats treated with DNP and that papilloma is less important in relation to carcinoma development.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Carcinoma of the nasal cavity--results of primary and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Carcinomas of the nasal cavity are uncommon and the reported experience with radiotherapy is scarce. From 1969-1984, 62 patients with carcinoma of the nasal cavity received radiotherapy as all or part of initial treatment at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University Medical Center. Epidermoid carcinoma was the most common histologic subtype, occurring in 46 cases (73%), undifferentiated carcinoma in 10 cases (16%), and adenoid cystic carcinoma in 6 cases (10%). Minimum follow-up was 2.1 years, maximum 16.9 years, and the median was 6.9 years. Relapse-free survival and overall actuarial survival at 5 years were 47% and 52%, respectively; at 10 years, they were 42% and 32%, respectively. Of 35 recorded deaths, 16 were due to the nasal cavity carcinoma, 17 to intercurrent disease, 2 to postoperative complications. Survival was not significantly affected by histology (epidermoid vs undifferentiated), site, nodal status or treatment (radiotherapy alone vs radiotherapy + surgery). Local control was correlated significantly with tumor extent (p less than 0.04) and marginally with treatment (p = 0.15). Elective neck irradiation was not given. Nodal failure occurred in 10/52 patients (19%) with initially N0 necks. Of four patients presenting with N1 disease, one failed in the untreated contralateral neck.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Pyogenic granuloma (pregnancy tumor) of the nasal cavity. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Pyogenic granuloma is a benign lesion of unknown etiology that occurs in the skin and mucous membranes. It has been reported as a common lesion of the oral cavity and, less commonly, the nasal cavity. Although its etiology is unclear, pyogenic granuloma has long been associated with pregnancy, oral contraceptives and trauma. The term pregnancy tumor has been used to reflect the association with pregnancy; nevertheless, pyogenic granuloma is often misdiagnosed in obstetric patients. CASE: We present the case of a 37-year-old, pregnant woman with an enlarging nasal mass ultimately diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma. The patient was treated successfully with endoscopic excision of the lesion. CONCLUSION: Pyogenic granuloma is a rapidly growing lesion that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any gravid patient with a mass in the oral or nasal cavity. The lesion may result in complications of the pregnancy, and management should be individualized for each patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Numerical simulation of airflow in the human nasal cavity.

An anatomically correct finite element mesh of the right human nasal cavity was constructed from CAT scans of a healthy adult nose. The steady-state Navier-Stokes and continuity equations were solved numerically to determine the laminar airflow patterns in the nasal cavity at quiet breathing flow rates. In the main nasal passages, the highest inspiratory air speed occurred along the nasal floor (below the inferior turbinate), and a second lower peak occurred in the middle of the airway (between the inferior and middle turbinates and the septum). Nearly 30 percent of the inspired volumetric flow passed below the inferior turbinate and about 10 percent passed through the olfactory airway. Secondary flows were induced by curvature and rapid changes in cross-sectional area of the airways, but the secondary velocities were small in comparison with the axial velocity through most of the main nasal passages. The flow patterns changed very little as total half-nasal flow rate varied between resting breathing rates of 125 m/s and 200 ml/s. During expiration, the peaks in velocity were smaller than inspiration, and the flow was more uniform in the turbinate region. Inspiratory streamline patterns in the model were determined by introducing neutrally buoyant point particles at various locations on the external naris plane, and tracking their path based on the computed flow field. Only the stream from the ventral tip of the naris reached the olfactory airway. The numerically computed velocity field was compared with the experimentally measured velocity field in a large scale (20x) physical model, which was built by scaling up from the same CAT scans. The numerical results showed good agreement with the experimental measurements at different locations in the airways, and confirmed that at resting breathing flow rates, airflow through the nasal cavity is laminar.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Melanoma of the nasal cavity].

Presenting a case of nasal Melanoma, in a patient previously diagnosed and treated from Rhabdomyosarcoma of the same nasal cavity. In our Department has been treated with surgery plus thymostimulin (TP-1 Serono) after surgery. Subject reviewed and clinic features, diagnostic difficulties and nowadays immunotherapy commented.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2000

Virtual endoscopy of the nasal cavity in comparison with fiberoptic endoscopy.

PURPOSE: To apply virtual-endoscopic mode to display the nasal cavity and to evaluate clinical application of virtual endoscopy in comparison with nasal fiberoptic endoscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven patients were examined by virtual endoscopy after axial spiral computed tomography (CT) scanning was performed. In addition, 9 out of these 11 patients underwent fiberoptic endoscopy. Spiral CT scanning was performed with 1-mm collimation, 0.5- to 1-mm increment, 25-250 mA s, and pitch 1-2. Virtual endoscopy was performed by Explorer software package. RESULTS: Virtual endoscopy could clearly demonstrate anatomic structures in the nasal cavity, septal deviation, stenosis and obstruction of the middle meatus, turbinate hyperplasia, and pathological masses larger than 3 mm in diameter. However, "false adhesions" may appear in virtual endoscopy. The main limitation of virtual endoscopy was the inability to evaluate mucosa and its surface. CONCLUSION: Virtual endoscopy of the nasal cavity is a new and noninvasive method. It can demonstrate normal and pathological structures in the nasal cavity. Its ability to visualize is comparable with fiberoptic endoscopy except for evaluating mucosal surface and secretions. In the future, this method will probably be a basic instrument of computer-assisted surgery in the midfacial region.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Epidemiologic analysis of 72 carcinomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to define the epidemiological aspects of carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 72 carcinomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Various sites, age and sex distribution, drug consumption, TNM stage grouping and treatment were reported. RESULTS: The average age was 63. Seventy- five percent of patients (54/72) were male and 25% (18/72) female. The site of origin was paranasal sinuses in 46 patients (64%), 30 in ethmoid sinus, 15 in maxillary sinus and 1 in sphenoid sinus. Twenty-six patients (36%) were located in nasal cavity. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent histological type in both localizations. The 5-year adjusted survival rate for all patients was 60% (IC: 54-66), 36% (IC: 28-44) for paranasal sinus carcinoma and 86% (IC: 79-93) for nasal cavity carcinoma. The 5-year adjusted survival rate according to the T distribution in 46 carcinomas paranasal sinus was 80% T2, 71% T3, 19% T4a and 6% T4b.(p = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: Carcinoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses represent a group of tumors that differ from the rest of carcinomas of the head and neck.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity. Clinical case report and discussion.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity is a disease more likely to affect men than women; it is characterized by a T cell immunophenotype and is often associated with involvement of the paranasal structures and with high recurrence rates. Many authors report that its extremely poor prognosis depends on tumour stage and extension into the paranasal sinuses. Patients with Ann Arbor stage IE limited to only one nasal cavity have better survival rates than those with the same stage but with tumour extension beyond the nasal cavity. Patients with stages IIE, IIIE and IV have a very poor prognosis that does not seem to be affected by the use of conventional chemotherapy. Optimal treatment for the disease is not yet known. The use of radiotherapy alone has been reported in initial stages of the disease; however, given that its prognosis is burdened by frequent local or systemic recurrence or both, combined modality therapy has been applied in all stages. In this case report we describe a case of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nasal cavity localized at the middle turbinate, in combination with an updated literature review.

Hodgkin Disease↗
PubMed1986

Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.

Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (ITAC) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses may occur sporadically or as an occupational-related hazard, especially in cases of wood dust exposure. The clinical and pathologic features of 17 cases of sporadic-type ITAC are presented and compared to those among woodworkers. Both groups are analyzed collectively to define further the biological spectrum of this rare neoplasm. Histologically, five variants of ITAC were recognized: papillary, colonic, solid, mucinous, and mixed. The nine men and eight women in this series ranged from 31 to 80 years of age. Eight tumors originated in the maxillary sinus, seven in the nasal cavity, and two in the ethmoid sinus. Unilateral nasal obstruction and epistaxis, averaging 6.8 months in duration, were the most common symptoms. At least four of the patients are known to have died of their disease. In contrast, ITAC in woodworkers occurs primarily in men, originates almost exclusively in the nasal cavity or ethmoid sinus, and has a better prognosis. Data pooled from 213 cases of ITAC indicate that 53% of patients have experienced local recurrences following therapy, 8% (range 0-22%) have developed cervical lymph node and 13% (range 0-29%) distant metastases, and 60% have died of their disease. Of those dying, 80% did so within 3 years of diagnosis (range 1 month to 9.1 years).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

[Malignomas of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses: clinical characteristics, therapy and prognosis of different tumor types].

BACKGROUND: Malignomas of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses count for less than 3 % of the ENT-malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective chart review reports about 46 patients that were first diagnosed and treated with a nasal cavity or paranasal sinus malignancy between 1998 and 2002 in the ENT department of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum. RESULTS: 18 of 46 malignomas were squamous cell carcinomas. At initial diagnose, already 52 % of malignomas were staged T4. Accordingly the origin in 17 % of malignomas could not be determined anymore. Additional 43 % of malignomas originated from the nasal cavity, another 20 % from the maxillary sinus. 11 of 46 patients (24 %) showed histological proven nodal involvement at initial diagnose. 92 % of patients underwent surgical therapy. 25 patients were radiated postoperatively. Over-all 1-year-survival-rate was 75 %, over-all 2-year-survival-rate was 47 %. Beside patients age, tumor free margins at initial surgery and absence of nodal involvement correlated to improved survival. 16 (76 %) of the 21 patients who died had local recurrence. Maxillary sinus malignomas recurred more often than malignomas of the ethmoid and the nasal cavity. CONCLUSIONS: Malignancies of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are very often diagnosed in advanced T-stages because of unspecific symptoms. The limited prognosis mainly depends on free surgical margins at the first resection and nodal involvement at the first diagnose. For improvement in outcome of nasal and paranasal sinuses malignancies, prospective multi-center trials are necessary.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

Immunotherapy decreases antigen-induced eosinophil cell migration into the nasal cavity.

We investigated the effect of immunotherapy (IT) on eosinophil (EOS) migration into the nasal cavity after nasal provocation with ragweed antigen and during seasonal exposure. In the first study, three groups of subjects participated: one group with no treatment (N = 19), one group with 10 months of IT, reaching maintenance at 2 micrograms of Amb a I (antigen E) (N = 15), and one group with 22 months of IT, reaching maintenance at 24 micrograms of Amb a I (N = 10). The percent of EOSs in nasal lavages performed during December before and 24 hours after nasal challenge with ragweed extract was determined. No significant difference between groups existed before challenge. The no treatment group demonstrated a significant increase in the percent of EOSs from 26% to 69.5% (p less than 0.008), whereas the treated groups demonstrated no significant change. In the second study, 45 patients were divided into four groups based on maintenance dose in micrograms of Amb a I and duration of treatment: (1) no treatment (N = 15), (2) 1 year at 2 micrograms (N = 13), (3) 2 years at 2 micrograms (N = 11), and (4) 3 years at 24 micrograms (N = 9). Nasal mucosal brushings were done during the ragweed season. A significantly smaller percentage of EOSs in 3-year IT-treated individuals was obtained compared to the control group (18 versus 8.4; p less than 0.04). The smaller dose of IT, regardless of duration, did not reveal a reduction compared to that in the no-treatment group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens↗