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PubMedDate not supplied

Pneumocephalus: a rare complication of nasal myiasis.

Infestation of ear, nose, and throat by maggots, the larvae of the fly (genus Chrysomyia) [J Laryngol Otol 1976:393-399], is termed "myiasis." Prevalent in tropical countries, atrophic rhinitis is the most common predisposing factor for this condition. The maggots burrow into delicate membranes and feed on underlying structures, causing considerable destruction of tissues, resulting in complications such as extensive erosion of the nose, face, and orbit, with rarely meningitis and death as a result of intracranial involvement [J Laryngol Otol 1989;103:489-491]. We report a rare complication of pneumocephalus after atrophic rhinitis with nasal myiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

An unusual combination: lipedema with myiasis.

Lipedema refers to the abnormal deposition of subcutaneous fat causing a striking enlargement of the lower extremities that is out of proportion to the upper body. Most clinicians are unaware of this disease and thus it is seldom diagnosed correctly. Cutaneous myiasis is the infestation of skin by fly larvae. We describe an unusual case of a woman with lipedema who developed cutaneous myiasis.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2005

World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology (W.A.A.V.P.) guidelines for evaluating the efficacy of ectoparasiticides against myiasis causing parasites on ruminants.

These guidelines have been prepared to assist in the planning, conduct and interpretation of studies for the assessment of efficacy of ectoparasiticides against the myiasis causing parasites of ruminants. These guidelines specifically focus on larvicidal efficacy against myiasis causing flies. Information is provided on the selection of animals, dose determination and dose confirmation studies, field studies, record keeping and result interpretation. These guidelines advocate the use of pen facilities for dose determination and dose confirmation studies for defining therapeutic and persistent efficacy. These guidelines are also intended to assist investigators on how to conduct specific experiments, to provide specific information for registration authorities involved in the decision-making process, to assist in the approval and registration of new ectoparasiticides, and to facilitate the world-wide adoption of standard procedures.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cutaneous myiasis over tumor-lesions: presentation of three cases].

We report three cases of myiasis in patients with tumor-lesions. The first patient, a 54-year-old male, presented with laryngeal carcinoma with extensive local involvement, forming a large tumorous mass on the front of the neck that had been irradiated, where several active larvae were seen. The other two patients, females aged 101 and 87 years, respectively, presented with skin tumors on the scalp and face, and several active larvae could be seen in these tumors. After microbiological examination of the larvae removed, the species in the first case was identified as Chrysomya, while the species in the other two cases was Sarcophaga. Several risk factors for developing myiasis have been described, such as advanced age, poor hygiene, diabetes mellitus, venous insufficiency, etc. These manifestations are self-limited, but in most cases treatment is necessary. This consists of cleaning and mechanical removal of visible larvae, with or without occlusion methods.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed1986

Dermal myiasis of the eyelid.

A case report describes the clinical findings of dermal myiasis of the upper eyelid in a 6-year-old girl from South America. Dermal myiasis due to Dermatobia hominis can simulate a common furuncle and is known to occur in world travelers.

Child↗
PubMed2003

Oral myiasis by screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax.

We report a rare case of periodontal myiasis by New World screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax, an obligatory larval parasite, in a 66-year-old woman. The myiasis occurred in the anterior upper jaw associated with a pre-existent generalised periodontitis. About 40 larvae were removed from the lesion. One week later the periodontal tissues were healing normally and the patient was referred to a periodontist. As all of the larvae were in the last stage, they were probably deposited 5-7 days before.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Persistent activity of doramectin and ivermectin in the prevention of cutaneous myiasis in cattle experimentally infested with Cochliomyia hominivorax.

A study was conducted to evaluate the activity of a single administration of doramectin or ivermectin against severe, induced infestations of Cochliomyia hominivorax. Twenty-four Holstein bull calves were allocated to four groups of six animals each and treated either with saline, doramectin 1%, or either one of two formulations of ivermectin 1% at a dose rate of 200 microg/kg. On Day 12 after treatment, each calf was anesthetized and two wounds were created on the left side of the shoulder and rump of each calf and 2 h later, each wound was implanted with 100 newly hatched larvae of C. hominivorax. On Day 15 after treatment, the procedure was repeated on the right side of each calf. Wounds were examined daily for 5 days and evidence of live larvae was recorded. Doramectin provided reduction in myiasis of 90.9 and 83.3% at 12 and 15 days after treatment, respectively, compared to the saline control treatment (P < 0.0001). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the number of calves with myiasis between those treated with either of the ivermectin formulations and the saline control.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Oral myiasis. A case report.

Myiasis is a disease commonly seen in animals, especially sheep and cattle. The condition is rare in man. A patient with a neglected fractured mandible with superimposed myiasis is reported.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Vile bodies: an endoscopic approach to nasal myiasis.

Nasal myiasis is the infestation of the nasal cavities by larvae (maggots) of Diptera flies. Several species of flies deposit their ova in the nose and the larvae feed on the host's tissues. We present a case of nasal myiasis by larvae of Oestrus ovis--Sheep Nasal Bot Fly. The larvae of Oestrus ovis are well known parasites in the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses of sheep and goat. In Britain very rarely larvae may be deposited in the eye, nostrils or outer ear of man, usually husbandry workers. Reputedly, the larvae never survive beyond the first stage with acute catarrhal symptoms lasting only a few days. This is the first reported case in the UK of an urban-dwelling patient infected by mature, third instar larvae of O. ovis. His nasal infestation resolved after endoscopic removal of the live maggots.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Palpebral myiasis in a Danish traveler caused by the human bot-fly (Dermatobia hominis).

PURPOSE: To demonstrate a case of palpebral myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis in a Dane traveling in the Brazilian rain forest. METHODS: Surgical removal and histological examination. RESULTS: Within three weeks after returning from the Brazilian rain forest, the patient developed a localized swelling of the left upper eyelid and follicular conjunctivitis. A funnel containing a larva was found between the cilia. The larva was excised together with surrounding inflammatory tissue. The clinical findings as well as zoological and pathological examinations indicated a case of palpebral myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis. The larva was removed in its third stage four weeks from symptom debut. CONCLUSIONS: Infestation with Dermatobia hominis should be suspected when itching and red swelling of the lid are present in patients who have been to Central and South America.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal myiasis: a case report and a role of the Internet.

Maggot infestation (myiasis) can occur in the newborn baby. However, neonatal myiasis is rare, and there is no published literature on this subject. Rapid useful information on such an esoteric clinical case can be obtained by searching the Internet. Effective medical management includes complete removal of the maggots and offering reassurance to the distraught parents.

Ear↗
PubMed2000

Oral myiasis: a case report.

Oral myiasis is a rare condition caused by the invasion of tissues by larvae of flies. A case of gingival myiasis is presented in a 12-year-old boy with learning disability. The patient was unaware of the lesion, although it produced a swelling partially covering the teeth. The lesion was treated with ether, which forced the larvae out, and irrigated with warm saline solution. Follow-up examination revealed complete subsidence and healing of the lesion.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Molecular characterization of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene of Oestridae species causing obligate myiasis.

A 688-bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene was sequenced from larvae of 18 species of Oestridae causing obligate myiasis. Larvae belonged to the four Oestridae subfamilies (Cuterebrinae, Gasterophilinae, Hypodermatinae and Oestrinae), which are commonly found throughout the world. Analysis of both nucleotide and amino acid data was performed. Nucleotide sequences included 385 conserved sites and 303 variable sites; mean nucleotide variation between all species was 18.1% and variation within each subfamily ranged from 5.3% to 13.34%. Intraspecific pairwise divergences ranged from 0.14% to 1.59%, and interspecific variation ranged from 0.7% to 27%. Of the 229 amino acids, 76 were variable (60 of which were phylogenetically informative), with some highly conserved residues identified within each subfamily. Phylogenetic analysis showed a strong divergence among the four subfamilies, concordant with classical taxonomy based on morphological and biological features. This study provides the first molecular data set for myiasis-causing Oestridae species, providing an essential database for the molecular identification of these parasites and the assessment of phylogenetic relationships within family Oestridae.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Myiasis in a pregnant woman and an effective, sterile method of surgical extraction.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis involves the infestation of tissue with dipterous fly larvae and is common in many tropical and subtropical areas. We describe a patient in her sixth month of pregnancy who returned from Belize with myiasis detected in the right popliteal fossa. Multiple surgical techniques have been described in the past outlining various ways to extract the botfly larva. No single standardized technique for surgical extraction of larvae has been adopted. OBJECTIVE: To describe a highly effective, sterile method of extraction used in a pregnant patient with botfly infestation. METHODS: A combination of injection with plain 1% lidocaine, sterile occlusion with polymyxin B sulfate ointment and a cruciform incision was used to extract the larva. RESULTS: The botfly larva was easily and completely extracted without remnants of the larval body being left in the skin. CONCLUSION: The sterile technique we describe allows for quick and easy extraction of the larva without risk of secondary infection or need for antibiotics. This method is especially appropriate for pregnant patients or those with medical conditions precluding a completely competent immune response to potential secondary infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Human nasal myiasis due to Oestrus ovis].

One case of human nasal myiasis caused by second and third instar larvae of Oestrus ovis was observed in Lille (North France). Oestrosis is a common myiasis of sheep and goats in Mediterranean and Tropical countries. The authors examine the oestrosis pathogenesis in the usual host (sheep) or in humans, and analyse the epidemiology, the symptomatology and the treatment of human oestrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Dermatobia hominis myiasis among travelers returning from South America.

Dermatobia hominis is the most common cause of myiasis in Central and South America, affecting mammals and humans, causing nonhealing furuncle-like lesions. During the years 1994 to 1999, 14 Israeli travelers returning from South America were diagnosed with D hominis myiasis. The approach consists of correct diagnosis and a proper removal of the larvae, after which the patients heal with no complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Human cutaneous myiasis due to mixed infestation in a drug addict.

Soft tissue infestation by maggots of flies (myiasis) is a well-recognized complication of neglected wounds. Mixed infestation by larvae of more than one species of fly is a rarity. We report, for the first time in India, one such case of cutaneous myiasis due to mixed infestation--in this instance by Chrysomya bezziana and Sarcophaga sp. in a drug addict.

Adult↗