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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

The antiulcerative effect of Thai Musa species in rats.

Bananas are reported to have an antipeptic ulcer effect, however, the beneficial action can be affected by many factors, including the variety. Our study was undertaken to investigate the antipeptic ulcer effect of the Palo and Horn varieties of banana, grown and consumed in the northeast of Thailand. Indomethacin and acetic acid-induced gastric lesions in rats were employed as models of peptic ulcer disease. The lengths of gastric lesions in the glandular part of the stomach were measured for the assessment of the protective effect of bananas. The healing effect was studied by histological examination of the ulcerated area. The lesions in rats treated with the extract of banana were significantly less dominant than those of the control. The average length of total lesions of rats treated with an extract of Palo or Horn bananas at a dose of 1.0 g/kg/d for 3 days prior to indomethacin administration were 4.47+/-1.2 and 1.87+/-0.44 mm, respectively, whereas those observed in the control rats were 14.56+/-2.43 mm. In the ulcer-healing model, only the Hom-banana-extract-treated group showed a beneficial effect which manifested as a milder degree of histological change than that of the indomethacin-induced-chronic-ulcer control group. However, in acetic acid-induced ulcers, the histological changes of every group were similar. The present findings indicate that bananas of different varieties have varying antipeptic ulcer effects. The extracts of Palo and Hom bananas have a prominent gastroprotective effect, whereas only the extract of Hom banana had an observed ulcer-healing effect.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo interaction between ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and the pulp of unripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca).

The absorption of quinolone antibiotics is seriously impaired by polyvalent cations due to the formation of unabsorbable complexes. M. paradisiaca Linn. (Musaceae), an important staple food in most parts of the world, has been demonstrated to contain many polyvalent cations. The aim of the work was to study the influence of concurrent administration of M. paradisiaca and ciprofloxacin HCI on the pharmacokinetic profiles of ciprofloxacin. The study was carried out in two phases in five healthy male rabbits. Phase one involved oral administration of ciprofloxacin (40 mg/kg) to rabbits, withdrawing blood from the marginal ear vein at 1, 2, 4, and 24 h intervals and checking the serum ciprofloxacin concentration. After a one-week drug "wash-out" period, the second phase started with concurrent oral administration of M. paradisiaca (800 mg/kg) and ciprofloxacin (40 mg/kg). Blood was again withdrawn and analyzed for serum ciprofloxacin content. Antimicrobial activity of the serum was also assessed and expressed as reciprocal serum inhibitory titer. Co-administration of both agents resulted in significant (P<0.05) decrease in serum concentration of ciprofloxacin at all the time interval except at the 24th hour. The following pharmacokinetic parameters were also decreased: area under the curve (81.53%), peak serum concentration (94.37%), elimination rate constant (42.35%); while increase in half-life (81.08%) and clearance rate (69.64%) were noted. Antimicrobial study showed that the antimicrobial potency against E. coli was also decreased by such concurrent administration. The pharmacokinetic parameters and antimicrobial activities of ciprofloxacin were significantly decreased when it was given concurrently with pulp of unripe plantain. Complex formation between the drug and the polyvalent cations present in plantain, leading to decrease in absorption and hence bioavailability, may be responsible for the observed antagonistic interactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

A natural flavonoid present in unripe plantain banana pulp (Musa sapientum L. var. paradisiaca) protects the gastric mucosa from aspirin-induced erosions.

The active anti-ulcerogenic ingredient was extracted from unripe plantain banana by solvent fractionation and identified by chromatography, spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography as the flavonoid leucocyanidin. Dried unripe plantain banana powder, the extracted leucocyanidin and a purified synthetic leucocyanidin demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) protective effect against aspirin-induced erosions.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Formation of volatile branched chain esters in bananas (Musa sapientum L.).

Substrates controlling the formation of branched chain volatile esters in ripening bananas were investigated by the application of alcohol and amino acid precursors to whole fruit and tissue samples. The resulting changes in the profile of the volatile esters were determined using SPME and GC. These changes revealed the selectivity characteristics of the esterification enzyme AAT, the availability of acyl CoA's for ester formation, and the role of substrate supply on volatile production. The results obtained suggest that substrate supply is a major determinant of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the resulting aroma profile.

Esterification↗
PubMed1997

Polysaccharide components from the scape of Musa paradisiaca: main structural features of water-soluble polysaccharide component.

Polysaccharide components present in the pseudo-stem (scape) of M. paradisiaca were purified from acetone powder of the scape by delignification followed by extraction with aqueous solvents into water soluble polysaccharide (WSP), EDTA-soluble polysaccharide (EDTA-SP), alkali-soluble polysaccharide (ASP) and alkali-insoluble polysaccharide (AISP) fractions. Sugar compositional analysis showed that WSP and EDTA-SP contained only D-Glc whereas ASP contained D-Glc, L-Ara and D-Xyl in approximately 1:1:10 ratio, respectively, and AISP contained D-Glc, L-Ara and D-Xyl in approximately 10:1:2 ratio, respectively. WSP was further purified by complexation with iso-amylalcohol and characterized by specific rotation, IR spectroscopy, Iodine affinity, ferricyanide number, blue value, hydrolysis with alpha-amylase and glucoamylase, and methylation linkage analysis, and shown to be a amylopectin type alpha-D-glucan.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed2002

Differential expression and characterization of three metallothionein-like genes in Cavendish banana (Musa acuminata).

Metallothioneins (MTs) are cysteine-rich polypeptides that are involved in metal detoxification and homeostasis in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of three members (MT2A, MT2B and MT3) of the MT-like gene family from ripening banana fruit and their differential expression in various banana organs and during fruit development and ripening. All members of the MT-like gene encode small cysteine-rich polypeptides of 65-79 amino acid residues. MT2A shared a high sequence similarity (54-77%) with several type-2 MTs in plants, while MT3 was highly homologous (51-61%) with type-3 MTs. The three members expressed differentially in various organs but transcripts were generally more abundant in reproductive than vegetative organs. During fruit development, the MT2A transcript was barely detectable in ovary but increased to a high level in young fruit at 20 days after shooting (DAS) and declined gradually thereafter as fruit developed. In contrast, both MT2B and MT3 expressed poorly in young fruits (20-60 DAS) and transcripts were detected only in fruits at later stages of development. As ripening progressed, expression of MT2A decreased but that of MT3 increased. Expression of MT members during ripening appeared to be differentially regulated by ethylene, whose levels were low in FG and TY fruit but surged climacteristically in MG and declined sharply as ripening advanced further. Exogenous application of ethylene at 5 ppm or higher concentrations down-regulated MT2A expression and the inhibitory effect of ethylene could be partially suppressed by the presence of norbornadiene, an inhibitor of ethylene action. Ethylene had no effect on transcript accumulation of MT2B and MT3. However, MT3 expression was greatly enhanced in response to metals such as CdSO4, CuSO4 and ZnSO4. These results suggest that increased MT3 expression may be associated with excess metal ions present in ripening fruit tissues. This study also provided evidence, for the first time, that ethylene and metals play a regulatory role in expression of MT-like genes in banana.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

Genetic transformation of banana and plantain (Musa spp.) via particle bombardment.

We have developed a simple protocol to allow the production of transgenic banana plants. Foreign genes were delivered into embryogenic suspension cells using accelerated particles coated with DNA. Bombardment parameters were optimized for a modified particle gun resulting in high levels of transient expression of the beta-glucuronidase gene in both banana and plantain cells. Bombarded banana cells were selected with hygromycin and regenerated into plants. Molecular and histochemical characterization of transformants revealed the stable integration of the transferred genes into the banana genome.

Biolistics↗
PubMed2000

Isolation of (S)-(+)-naproxene from Musa acuminata. Inhibitory effect of naproxene and its 7-methoxy isomer on constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2.

The isolation and characterisation of (S)-(+)-6-methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid, a well known synthetic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (naproxene), from a natural source is described for the first time. We evaluated the ability of naproxene and its 7-methoxy isomer to abrogate constitutive COX-1 and inducible COX-2 activity in human A549 cells. Naproxene inhibited COX-1 (IC50 = 3.42 microM) and COX-2 (IC50 = 1.53 microM), whereas the 7-methoxy isomer had no appreciable effect on COX-1 (IC50 >> 100 microM) but also abrogated the activity of COX-2 enzyme (IC50 = 14.42 microM).

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1986

Digestion of the carbohydrates of banana (Musa paradisiaca sapientum) in the human small intestine.

The digestion and absorption from the small bowel of the carbohydrate of banana has been studied by feeding ileostomy subjects banana from six batches of different ripeness and measuring the amounts excreted in the effluent. Starch content of bananas depended on the ripeness being 37% of dry weight in the least ripe and 3% in the most ripe. Excretion of carbohydrate from banana in ileostomy effluent ranged from 4-19 g/day and was directly related to the starch content (r = 0.99). Up to 90% of the starch could be accounted for in the effluent. Complete recovery of nonstarch polysaccharides [NSP (dietary fiber)] was obtained. The amount of banana starch not hydrolyzed and absorbed from the human small intestine and therefore passing into the colon may be up to 8 times more than the NSP present in this food and depends on the state of ripeness when the fruit is eaten.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Multiplication of Musa from excised stem tips.

Rapidly multiplying cultures were established from excised shoot tips of two dessert banana clones ('Philippine Lacatan' and 'Grande Naine') and two plantain clones ('Pelipita' and 'Saba'). Apices cultured on semi-solid media produced single shoots while apices placed in liquid media produced shoot clusters. Individual shoots were induced to form multiple shoot clusters by longitudinally splitting the shoot through the apex. Shoot multiplication was stimulated maximally by 5 mg l-1 benzylaminopurine. Rooted plants were produced by treating shoots with auxins. Growth rates based on increase in f. wt of the four clones were compared. During a 4-week culture period 'Pelipita' showed a fivefold increase in f. wt while 'Grande Naine', 'Philippine Lacatan' and 'Saba' showed increases exceeding tenfold.

Adenine↗
PubMed1984

The anti-ulcerogenic activity of the unripe plantain banana (Musa species).

Various preparations of dried unripe plantain banana were found to be anti-ulcerogenic against aspirin-induced ulceration in the rat and were effective both as a prophylactic treatment and in healing ulcers already induced by aspirin. Ripe fruit bananas were inactive. The active factor(s) were water soluble and were concentrated by extraction to approximately three hundred times that in the dried banana powder. The anti-ulcerogenic action of banana preparations appears to be due to their ability to stimulate the growth of gastric mucosa. Aluminium hydroxide, cimetidine, prostaglandin E2, N6, O2-dibutyryl adenosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate but not 5-hydroxytryptamine were also anti-ulcerogenic when used prophylactically in rats but were ineffective in healing ulcers already formed by aspirin. These substances did not stimulate the growth of gastric mucosa.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗