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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

The impact of pressure on drug treatment for addicted foreigners facing deportation in Germany.

Qualitative findings from interviews with addictions professionals at long-term residential treatment centers are presented in an exploration of the mutual effects of alternative measures to treatment under the Narcotics Act and residence-terminating measures under the Foreigners Act on drug-treatment access and quality for addicted foreigners facing drug-related charges in Germany. Results indicate that pressure associated with contradictory drug and migration policies led to reduced access to treatment but not necessarily quality of treatment. Treatment motivation and pressures associated with the uncertainty and threats of deportation as well as inconsistent application of drug and migration laws are discussed along with recommendations for future research.

Coercion↗
PubMed2002

Migration, markets, and mangrove resource use on Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia.

Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia, is a prototype of an island economy prone to economic crowding. Average family size is large, the habitable land area is small, economic activity is limited, and household dependence on natural resources for fuel and food is high. We analyze how economic crowding--and its mitigation through trade and migration policies--affects mangrove resource use. A comparison of household survey data from 1996 and 2000 indicates that despite decreases in US aid and public-sector jobs, average household consumption of mangrove resources has not increased. Migration and remittances have allowed the purchase of imported fuel and building materials substituting for mangrove wood. Despite changing preferences and shifts toward import consumption, population growth and further declines in US financial support will likely cause aggregate demand for mangrove and upland wood to rise. Moreover, continued emigration may accelerate the export of mangrove crabs to off-island Kosraeans.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The equivalence of United States census data for persons of Russian stock or descent with American Jews: an evaluation.

While the U.S. Bureau of the Census has had a long-standing policy of abstaining from enumerating the religious beliefs or backgrounds of the American people, at least two-thirds of the Jewish population of the United States has been enumerated in decennial censuses and sample surveys in the guise of persons of Russian stock or origin. This has come about through the migration policy of the old Russian Empire and the statistical categories utilized by American immigration authorities and by the U. S. Bureau of the Census for immigrants and their children. Comparisons between the returns from an ethnic survey and a survey on the religious composition demonstrate the close congruence between persons of Russian stock or descent and American Jews on the national level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Major obstacles to control of irregular migrations: prerequisites to policy.

This paper examines 3 basic obstacles thwarting all attempts to reduce irregular migration. The 1st, rather well known and analyzed, underscores the dependency of all regulation of migratory flows on the system of economic and political relations between developed and developing countries. The 2nd obstacle resides in the persistance and growth of subsequent dependent irregular migration. This obstacle also reveals the relative autonomy of population movements compared with the employment situation in the labor market. The 3rd generally ignored obstacle is the role played by migration itself, particularly the discriminatory status of foreign workers in the labor market, in producing irregular migration.

Demography↗
PubMed1988

Royal Decree No. 1339/1987 on channels of institutional participation for Spaniards resident abroad, 30 October 1987.

This Decree establishes Councils of Resident Spaniards in consular districts with at least 700 absent voters. The activities of the Councils are to be developed around 1) civil and labor rights of Spaniards in consular districts under international law; 2) the insertion of Spanish students in the country's educational system, actions that under local or international law can be undertaken to ensure the maintenance of cultural ties to Spain, and, in general, typical activities abroad that provide education about Spain; 3) the participation of Spanish residents in the political life of Spain, in conformity with Spanish legislation, legislation of the country of residence, and international law; and 4) social and cultural actions favoring Spaniards. The Decree also sets forth the structure and functions of the General Emigration Council, which was established by Article 8.5 of Royal Decree No. 530/1985 of 8 April 1985. Among its functions are the following: 1) to carry out research on questions and problems affecting emigrants; 2) to formulate proposals and recommendations with respect to the objectives and the application of the principles inspiring migration policy; 3) to keep informed of the actions of administrative agencies competent in this matter; and 4) to approve regulations for the functioning of the Council.

Culture↗
PubMed1989

International migration, international relations and foreign policy.

Recent literature on migration, international relations, and foreign policy is reviewed in this article, stressing applications of global systems paradigms, studies of state entry and exit rules, and anatomies of domestic policy-setting processes on migration. After a concise assessment of the contemporary theory of global political economy, the paper argues for seeking mid-range generalizations on the international relations of migration. It also suggests that analysis begin with the policy-setting processes of the state. Especially through the use of comparative perspectives available from domestic policy making studies and from the field of international comparative public policy, this approach offers the opportunity to fix empirically the political roles of transnational social forces, which often present themselves as participants in domestic policy contests. Promising future directions in the study of state-to-state relations are also evaluated, with the anticipation that verifying regional or other intermediate patterns of world migration politics may contribute to more general theories of international political economy.

Demography↗
PubMed1997

Immigration theory for a new century: some problems and opportunities.

"This essay examines some of the pitfalls in contemporary immigration theory and reviews some of the most promising developments in research in this field. As a data-driven field [of] study, immigration has not had to contend with grand generalizations for highly abstract theorizing. On the contrary, the bias has run in the opposite direction, that is toward ground-level studies of particular migrant groups or analysis of official migration policies. As the distillate of past research in the field and a source of guidance for future work, theory represents one of the most valuable products of our collective intellectual endeavor. Ways to foster it and problems presented by certain common misunderstandings about the meaning and scope of scientific theorizing are discussed." The geographical focus is on the United States.

Americas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ethical concerns in nurse migration.

International nurse migration is natural and to be expected. Recently, however, those who have fostered nurse migration believe that it will solve nursing shortages in developed countries and offer nurse migrants better working conditions and an improved quality of life. Whether natural or manipulated, migration flow patterns largely occur from developing to developed countries. In this article, nurse migration is examined using primary health care (PHC) as an ethical framework. The unmanaged flow of nurse migrants from developing to developed countries is inconsistent with "health for all" principles. Removing key health personnel from countries experiencing resource shortages is contrary to PHC equity. Often, nurse migrants are placed in vulnerable, inequitable work roles, and employing nurse migrants fails to address basic causes of nurse shortages in developed countries, such as dissatisfaction with work conditions and decreased funding for academic settings. Nurse migration policies and procedures can be developed to satisfy PHC ethics criteria if they (1) leave developing countries enhanced rather than depleted, (2) contribute to country health outcomes consistent with essential care for all people, (3) are based on community participation, (4) address common nursing labor issues, and (5) involve equitable and clear financial arrangements.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Credentialling immigrant physicians in Israel.

Credentialling of immigrant physicians is discussed in the context of two sets of high-priority values which have remained constant in Israel since its founding: (a) an open, non-selective migration policy which has resulted in the entry of thousands of immigrant physicians, (b) the high priority accorded to quality health care. These values and their social implications are discussed in terms of the licensing procedures before 1988 and after that date when more stringent procedures were initiated. These processes are discussed with special reference to the large number of immigrant physicians that have come to Israel from the former Soviet Union since 1989.

Credentialing↗
PubMed2002

[22-year-old patient with left groin pain].

A 22 year old man from Ethiopia suffered from progressive left inguinal pain and weight loss for ten months. The pain aggravated with leg movement, in particular with flexion of the left hip. ESR and CRP were slightly elevated, and a PPD was strongly positive. Abdominal ultrasound was normal but CT-scan revealed a left sided psoas abscess. Pott's disease was suspected and tuberculostatic therapy with INH, PZA, ETH, RIF was initiated immediately. A MRI of the spine excluded spondylodiscitis. Primary Tb psoas abscess was diagnosed. Treatment response after 5 weeks was clinically insufficient and CT-scan showed enlargement of the abscess. Treatment adherence was verified by drug prescriptions and INH urinary stix testing. M. tuberculosis, suspected microscopically in the puncture fluid, grew in culture and was fully drug sensitive. After 12 weeks, surgical abscess debridement had to be performed due to disease progression. The patient's health state improved considerably the first two postoperative months, inflammatory markers normalized, although a small residual abscess was still visible on CT. Subsequently, three months after surgery, pain reemerged, CT showed abscess progression. The patient had to be reoperated. Tb psoas abscess was a frequently described complication of Tb spondylodiscitis (Pott's disease) the first half of the last century and became rare thereafter in the Western hemisphere. However, the last two decades, due to migration policies and a worldwide increase of Tb epidemic because of socioeconomic destabilization and spread of the HIV-pandemic, Tb reemerged in Western countries. Therefore, physicians should be aware of atypical manifestations of tuberculosis. Primary Tb psoas abscess is extremely rare. Only four cases are described in the literature. In analogy to Pott's disease, therapy consists of tuberculostatic treatment, supported by surgical debridement.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Selected urban population characteristics of Moscow.

"This paper investigates total and regional population characteristics in Moscow [Russia] during 1979-1989, specifically nationality, age, sex and education and their interrelationships. Population dynamics of Russians, Ukrainians, Jews, and, to a lesser extent, other groups are examined based on a regionalization scheme dividing the city into Inner Zone and Outer Zone [regions]. The same spatial framework is employed in an analysis of changes in the age and sex structures of the city's overall population, as well as in levels of education. Linkages between these characteristics and rates of housing construction, recent demographic history, and city migration policy are explored."

Age Distribution↗