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Results for “Mate Selection”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Female and male perceptions of female physical attractiveness in front-view and profile.

Two important cues to female physical attractiveness are body mass index (BMI) and shape. In front view, it seems that BMI may be more important than shape; however, is it true in profile where shape cues may be stronger? There is also the question of whether men and women have the same perception of female physical attractiveness. Some studies have suggested that they do not, but this runs contrary to mate selection theory. This predicts that women will have the same perception of female attractiveness as men do. This allows them to judge their own relative value, with respect to their peer group, and match this value with the value of a prospective mate. To clarify these issues we asked 40 male and 40 female undergraduates to rate a set of pictures of real women (50 in front-view and 50 in profile) for attractiveness. BMI was the primary predictor of attractiveness in both front and profile, and the putative visual cues to BMI showed a higher degree of view-invariance than shape cues such as the waist-hip ratio (WHR). Consistent with mate selection theory, there were no significant differences in the rating of attractiveness by male and female raters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Female and male perceptions of female physical attractiveness in front-view and profile.

Two important cues to female physical attractiveness are body mass index (BMI) and shape. In front view, it seems that BMI may be more important than shape; however, is it true in profile where shape cues may be stronger? There is also the question of whether men and women have the same perception of female physical attractiveness. Some studies have suggested that they do not, but this runs contrary to mate selection theory. This predicts that women will have the same perception of female attractiveness as men do. This allows them to judge their own relative value, with respect to their peer group, and match this value with the value of a prospective mate. To clarify these issues we asked 40 male and 40 female undergraduates to rate a set of pictures of real women (50 in front-view and 50 in profile) for attractiveness. BMI was the primary predictor of attractiveness in both front and profile, and the putative visual cues to BMI showed a higher degree of view-invariance than shape cues such as the waist-hip ratio (WHR). Consistent with mate selection theory, there were no significant differences in the rating of attractiveness by male and female raters.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The changing pattern of interracial marriage.

Recent studies have demonstrated an increased occurrence of interracial marriages in the United States, indicating important shifts in intergroup relations. The effectiveness of traditional theoretical approaches in explaining who marries whom, however, remains problematic. Recently, exchange explanations (which have typically assumed that the black partner in the union exchanges educational and economic accomplishments for the higher "status" of the white spouse) have been replaced by progressive theories emphasizing a trend away from ascriptive and toward achievement norms. We extend this approach by predicting an economic and educational gap between spouses in interracial marriages when compared with racially homogamous marriages. Using the 1980 and 1990 Public Use Microdata Sample, we find continuing evidence that racial barriers in mate selection are weakening. Further, people who intermarry, regardless of race or gender, tend to have higher educational and economic status than those in homogamous marriages. There is still limited support for the kinds of social exchanges between spouses that were implied in earlier sociological theories. We conclude that (1) socioeconomic differentials are not always consistent with the exchange perspective and (2) that recent trends are not systematically eroding these socioeconomic differentials in mate selection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Removal of the preputial glands alters the individual odors of male MHC-congenic mice and the preferences of females for these odors.

Inbred mice of MHC-congenic strains prefer to mate with mice of different MHC types. Mate selection based on MHC-type occurs through the urinary odors specific to each MHC-congenic mouse strain. Both urine and preputial gland odors of male mice have been postulated to act as female attractants and the present study examined the attraction of MHC-congenic female mice (C57BL/6J and B6-AKR.H-2k) to the urine and preputial gland odors of males. Females of both strains showed a greater attraction to the urine odors of intact males of the other MHC type, but did not show a preference for the urine odors of these males after their preputial glands were removed. There was, however, a preference for the preputial fluid of males of the other MHC type. These results indicate that the MHC-specific urinary odors of mice may arise from the preputial glands, and that it is the MHC-specific preputial gland odors of MHC-conspecific males that are used for mate selection by females.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: an evolutionary hypothesis.

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, "morning sickness", is a common contemporary complaint. Many pregnant patients note alterations in smell and taste which can precipitate "morning sickness", symptoms that characterize early gestation. Epidemiologic studies suggest that pregnancies accompanied by "morning sickness" have better outcomes than asymptomatic pregnancies. The intimate connection between immunogenetic identity, chemoidentity, and chemocommunication by olfactory mechanisms suggests a relationship between maternal symptoms and maternal accommodation of paternal antigens contained in the fetoplacental unit. Most mammalian species utilize olfaction to reduce inbreeding and thus do not require an intimate placental connection between mother and fetus. The evolution of Homo sapiens included prolonged periods of small, genetically homogeneous foraging groups which limited selection of genetically heterogeneous mates. Adaptation to this circumstance included a reduction of olfactory precision in mate selection and a more intimate association between mother and fetus, the hemochorial placenta.

Adaptation, Physiological↗