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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

"On-screen" writing and composing: two years experience with Manuscript Manager, Apple II and IBM-PC versions.

The problems of the direct composition of a biomedical manuscript on a personal computer are discussed. Most word processing software is unsuitable because literature references, once stored, cannot be rearranged if major changes are necessary. These obstacles have been overcome in Manuscript Manager, a combination of word processing and database software. As it follows Council of Biology Editors and Vancouver rules, the printouts should be technically acceptable to most leading biomedical journals.

Humans↗

When your manuscript is rejected.

Anyone who submits a manuscript for peer review is at high risk for experiencing rejection. Dealing with rejection is not easy. Sometimes major revisions, based on the reviewers' comments, can help salvage the manuscript. The only way to avoid rejection is to avoid submitting one's work. Even when rejections are received, one has the satisfaction of at least knowing that an effort was made; remember, some people never get that far. Persistence in trying can eventually help one to become a better writer and, thus, a contributor to the literature of nursing.

Humans↗

[Light optical and electron microscopic study of the microflora of the parchment of an ancient Greek manuscript].

The microflora of an ancient Greek manuscript parchment was studied using different microscopic techniques. The manuscript was found to be infected with a large number of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and with occasional micromycetes. The localisation of cells in the parchment was established, and the information was obtained pertinent to the functional state and the ultrastructural organisation of bacteria, as well as to the character of their interaction with the structural elements of the parchment.

Gram-Negative Bacteria↗

Use of computer-aided design in the preparation of technical manuscripts.

Decreased computing costs and constantly improving capability are transforming microcomputers into general rather than specialized productivity tools. This has made it possible to increase personal productivity in ways that were not previously cost-effective. We are using computer-aided design (CAD) to prepare technical illustrations for chemical and geochemical manuscripts. CAD offers several advantages over hand-drawn illustrations. Chemical structures are stored in a library of shapes and may be combined or modified to form other structures in subsequent drawings. An original drawing only has to be drawn once with a computer. The drawing may then be scaled to any size and placed in a draft of a manuscript. Revisions require a fraction of the time needed to revise a drawing by hand. All or part of the drawing may be plotted to provide a sequence of drawings without changing the original drawing.

Computer Graphics↗

The Association of American Publishers' Electronic Manuscript Project: a status report.

In July 1983, the Association of American Publishers (AAP) initiated the Electronic Manuscript Project, with the goal of an industry-wide standard and guidelines for electronic manuscript preparation. The project, viewed as a significant effort throughout the publishing and information communities, consists of six tasks designed to improve productivity and efficiency in publishing and to facilitate bibliographic processing.

Online Systems↗

Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.

In the 13 years since it was first published the "Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals" (the Vancouver style), developed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, has been widely accepted by both authors and editors; over 400 journals have stated that they will consider manuscripts that conform to its requirements. This is the fourth edition of the "Uniform requirements."

Authorship↗

Converting a presentation to a manuscript.

Presenting and publishing are closely linked. Although many authors are later asked to speak, the reverse is also true. Many presenters are asked to author manuscripts based on their presentations. This author who is experienced in professional presentations and editing gives tips to nurse authors on how to develop a manuscript from a presentation.

Humans↗

Submitting your manuscript on disk: a steep learning curve for authors and editors.

Many nursing journals are switching to state-of-the-art manuscript production systems. Most of these new systems include computerized typesetting, so some journals are requesting disk submission of manuscripts. However, computer disk submission is not without difficulties. Editors and authors alike are experiencing a fairly steep learning curve before developing a system where the author's disk can work in the publisher's production system. This article describes how authors and editors can collaborate on the disk submission system for nursing publications.

Algorithms↗

Medical practice and manuscripts in Byzantium.

Scholars, past and present, have belittled Byzantine medicine for its perceived static and derivative nature. Applied to the medicine of the centuries immediately before and after the year 1000, these criticisms, though apparently sustainable, fail to recognize its underlying vigour. It was a practical craft medicine, and one which used elements of magic and religion to compensate for the intractability of the many diseases that were not amenable to medicine. These centuries were a time when hospitals flourished in Byzantium, and this paper assembles and describes some of the manuscripts that can be associated with them. The influence of islamic medicine, which had hitherto borrowed from Byzantium, is also examined. If the Byzantine medicine of this period could not claim great originality or innovation, it had none the less distilled what was best and most useful from the long and often complex medical writings of antiquity, ensured its transmission, and preserved much from earlier times that would otherwise now be lost.

Byzantium↗

[Preparing a manuscript for publication in a scientific journal].

Nowadays scientific publishing in peer reviewed international accepted journals is not easy. Rejection rates up to 75% occur. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance in the preparation of journal papers for the inexperienced scientific writer. The traditional paragraphs Abstract, Introduction, Material and Methods, Results, and Discussion are described with respect to its contents and basic message and how these sections are designed to build a logical flow. Approved suggestions for the structural outline of each paragraph are made. The significance of reference list, figures, and tables is also explained. The review of a manuscript is discussed and the criterias for acceptance of a journal paper are indicated.

Authorship↗

How to write an English medical manuscript that will be published and have impact.

English has become the international language in our world of learning. Yet to write a medical manuscript in a second language that is so difficult to master is a challenge for many doctors whose native language is not English. My aim is to convey that it need not be such a challenge if you follow a few simple rules based on the concept of "simplicity = clarity = effective communication." Your aim is to publish important research findings and contribute to medical advancement; however, your paper will have impact only if the readers can understand it easily.

Language↗

An approach to the writing of a scientific manuscript.

OBJECTIVE: Writing a scientific manuscript is one of the most important tasks facing the academician, and may also be one of the most daunting. MATERIALS: The essentials of any paper include a description of what is known, an assessment of what is unknown, a clear statement regarding the question and hypothesis being addressed by the current study, and a discussion and summary of new information that has been learned as a result of the study. CONCLUSIONS: A formulaic approach is provided to guide the author through this process.

Biomedical Research↗

"Glaucoma affecting each crystalline lens": a long-lost manuscript by Dr. William Mackenzie.

Dr. William Mackenzie was one of the great pioneers of British ophthalmology in the 19th century. We present a newly-discovered manuscript in which Mackenzie described how he performed surgery for bilateral nuclear sclerosis of the lens, in 1842-1843. This case became the focus for a discussion of the nature of "cataract" and "glaucoma" in the fourth edition of Mackenzie's great work, A practical treatise on diseases of the eye. Mackenzie is generally remembered as a great compiler of knowledge, but the text Mackenzie built around this case shows him pursuing original arguments based on his own observation. This case report gives us a vignette of Mackenzie that illustrates aspects of Mackenzie's character and achievements in an intimate way, and it dramatizes in a lively manner how some of the most fundamental concepts in ophthalmology evolved.

Cataract↗

Manuscript evolution.

Frequently, letters, words and sentences are used in undergraduate textbooks and the popular press as an analogy for the coding, transfer and corruption of information in DNA. We discuss here how the converse can be exploited, by using programs designed for biological analysis of sequence evolution to uncover the relationships between different manuscript versions of a text. We point out similarities between the evolution of DNA and the evolution of texts.

Evolution, Molecular↗

Text and illustration: the digitisation of a medieval manuscript.

This paper considers the choice of the medieval Aberdeen Bestiary as the first project in Aberdeen University Library's digitisation programme, and discusses some of the unusual features of the manuscript itself. Attention is given to the content and depth of the accompanying commentaries, and particular notice is paid to the nature and extent of the textual apparatus (translation and transcription). The factors influencing the choice of (a) PhotoCD as the image capture method, and (b) JPEG as the image format for transmission of the page images across the World Wide Web are examined. The importance of the Web design to the effectiveness of the overall resource is emphasised.

History, 20th Century↗

An early manuscript in the history of American comparative psychology: Lewis Henry Morgan's "Animal Psychology" (1857).

Lewis Henry Morgan (1818-1881) is best known as the 1st ethnographer of Native American culture, but he also wrote on animal psychology, beginning in 1843, some 50 years before the founding of comparative psychology as a scientific discipline. Although not an evolutionist, Morgan argued that animals possess many human mental abilities, such as reason and moral judgment, and he rejected the scientific utility of the concept of instinct, a view that did not gain much currency in psychology until the rise of behaviorism in the 1920s. This 1857 manuscript, which is in the Lewis Henry Morgan Papers at the University of Rochester in Rochester, New York, formed the basis for the last chapter of his 1868 monograph on the American beaver but gives additional information on his sources and an expanded criticism of the concept of instinct.

Ethology↗