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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1963

Communication of science information.

There are obvious limitations to normative studies of the kind described. Many of the studies dealt with special content areas-for example, mental health-and thus may not provide a sound basis for generalization. Selection of the various samples presented still greater problems. In some cases, the universe was so ill-defined (for example, that of science writers) that conventional sampling procedures were of doubtful significance. There were also limitations of subject availability and funds. Thus, we tended to proceed on an ad hoc basis, using more-or-less intact groups where we could find them-a group of scientists or a group of science writers attending an NSF-sponsored seminar; news editors from papers in the State of Wisconsin; and so on.

Communication↗
PubMed2003

Information science. Going, going, gone: lost Internet references.

The use of Internet references in academic literature is common, and Internet references are frequently inaccessible. The extent of Internet referencing and Internet reference activity in medical or scientific publications was systematically examined in more than 1000 articles published between 2000 and 2003 in the New England Journal of Medicine, The Journal of the American Medical Association, and Science. Internet references accounted for 2.6% of all references (672/25548) and in articles 27 months old, 13% of Internet references were inactive. Publishers, librarians, and readers need to reassess policies, archiving systems, and other resources for addressing Internet reference attrition to prevent further information loss.

Information Storage and Retrieval↗
PubMed1995

Building a digital library for the health sciences: information space complementing information place.

In 1990, the University of California, San Francisco, dedicated a new library to serve the faculty, staff, and students and to meet their academic information needs for several decades to come. Major environmental changes present new and additional information management challenges, which can effectively be handled only through the widespread use of computing and computing technologies. Over the next five years, a three-pronged strategy will be followed. We are refining the current physical, paper-based library through the continuous application of technology for modernization and functional improvement. At the same time, we have begun the planning, design, and implementation of a "free-standing" Digital Library of the Health Sciences, focusing on the innovative application of technology. To ensure complementarity and product integrity where the two libraries interface, we will look to technology to transform these separate entities into an eventual, integral whole.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1981

Ophthalmology's characteristics as a specialty, from an information science viewpoint.

Ophthalmology is the medical specialty most oriented toward outpatient care. Hospitalization of eye patients is necessary in only a small percentage of cases requiring surgery. Many more ophthalmologic patients have non-surgical diseases, and even more have no disease, but require preventive check-ups and eyeglasses for benign refractive conditions. Many patients are self-referred or referred non-specifically by other physicians. Ophthalmologic practice is like primary care, with a large throughput of patients, many of whom are normal. The ophthalmologist uses sophisticated instruments and does lengthy and difficult examinations in the private office, when gathering data on which to base medical judgments in the search for patients with serious disease. Data gathering is seldom delegated to distant laboratories. Getting medical information into a computer system poses serious problems that limit the present availability of computerized medical record keeping systems.

Computers↗
PubMed1981

Geographical variation in disease presentation. Does it constitute a problem and can information science help?

This paper assesses the extent and importance of geographical variation in disease presentation in relation to automated systems for clinical decision making. Reference is made to studies carried out by the World Organization of Gastroenterology involving 1,500 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, 6,000 patients with acute abdominal pain, and 1,300 patients with upper GI bleeding. These studies indicate that geographical variation in disease presentation (both regarding prior probability of disease and conditional probability of symptoms in each disease) is so great as to constitute a considerable potential threat to the widespread introduction of any automated decision-making system. It is suggested that there is an urgent need for the creation of large-scale multinational case series where diseases and symptoms are adequately and reproducibly defined in advance. Reference to studies previously mentioned is used to adduce evidence of the benefits of such large-scale data bases.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2001

Clinical implications of research on countertransference: science informing practice.

This article presents a clinically oriented synthesis of research findings pertaining to countertransference (CT). Findings are organized around five therapy-relevant questions concerning the origins, triggers, manifestations, management, and effects of CT. To date, research has focused primarily on impediments posed by therapists' CT reactions and mechanisms for managing them. It is argued that future research needs to be directed toward better understanding how therapists can use CT to enhance their work with clients.

Cognition↗