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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effect of anthelmintics on the enzyme activities of Setaria cervi (Nematoda: Filarioidea).

The present study deals with the comparative efficacy of Hetrazan, levamisole and tetramisole on the enzyme activities of adult Setaria cervi worms. The drugs were administered orally to white rats, intraperitoneally infected with the bovine filariid, Setaria cervi. Biochemical assays revealed the decreased activities of glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-diphosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphatase in the drug-treated worms. Hetrazan was relatively more effective than tetramisole and levamisole. A possible role of these enzymes in the energy supply and survival of the worm has been briefly discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis and treatment of eye infections caused by the canine ascaris larva Toxocara canis].

UNLABELLED: In the years 1990-1993 the authors diagnosed and treated 48 children on account of uveitis probably caused by Toxocara canis. This etiology was established in 43 cases based on the characteristic clinical picture and presence of antibodies as determined by the ELISA test for Toxocara in serum, anterior chamber fluid and vitreous. Diagnostic punction of anterior chamber was done in 30 cases (in 18 titres were positive, in 7 higher than in serum), in 3 the level of antibodies were determined in vitreous. In 30 patients Hetrazan, in 3 Hetrazan and Mintezol was applied; in 31 together with Encorton. SURGICAL TREATMENT: vitrectomy and lensectomy were done in 9 children. Improvement of visual acuity was achieved in 41.9% of cases, deterioration in 9.3%. In 33 cases the active signs of vitritis recovered after 2-6 months of treatment, recurrence was observed in 4. An increase of serum titres was found in 10 children in early period after treatment, in 15 they decreased after 6-18 months and in 18 treatment had no influence on the titres level. A relationship was found between the level of titres in anterior chamber and vitreous and the activity and duration of intraocular inflammation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Vitreoretinal dirofilariasis].

The present paper reports on a 41-year-old patient who complained of moving shadows and impaired vision after vacations in southern Europe and central Africa. On ophthalmoscopic examination the cause was found to be an extremely agile worm, whitish, as thin as an end-artery, and approx. 6 mm long, in front of the macula and later in the vitreous. Following treatment with Hetrazan (diethylcarbamazine) and Mintizol (thiabendazole) the worm could no longer be detected. On the basis of morphologic and chemical studies normal helminth worms were ruled out, as were human filariae. It may be assumed with reasonable confidence that the worm observed was an animal parasite of the genus Dirofilaria.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Use of levamisole in parasitic infections.

Levamisole is a drug of choice for treatment of ascariasis. With recommended dosages, it is virtually free of side effects. Single doses of 50 to 150mg will eliminate all parasites in 90 to 100% of ascariasis patients irrespective of worm burden. Activity against hookworms has been demonstrated for levamisole but the most effective treatment regimen has not been determined. Further drug trials are needed for better assessment of efficacy. Levamisole has little or no curative action on infections with whipworms and pinworms. It may have some activity against strongyloides but confirmatory studies are needed. It has been shown that levamisole has significant activity against microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. It is not, however, as effective as diethylcarbamazine ('Hetrazan'), and side reactions are greater. In tolerated doses, levamisole does not have significant action on adult forms or microfilariae of Onchoceea volvulus. The drug applied topically, however, may find a place in treatment of ocular onchocerciasis. Limited trials with levamisole for toxoplasmosis and chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis have given promising results, and further studies are indicated.

Ascariasis↗
PubMed1973

Efficacy Of Mass Treatment For Control Of Human Filariasis.

This study was carried out for three years from 1968 to 1970. Three coastal villages and four remote islets of Che Ju Island were surveyed and 90% of all inhabitants were blood smeared. These study areas were grouped into five according to its characteristic for evaluation of mass treatment with diethylcarbamazine citrate (Hetrazan U.S.P.) and insecticide spray in control of human filariasis. To set baseline up for control group, placebo was administered. Followings are the results obtained: 1. 81.1% of all mf positives accepted and completed the mass chemotherapy; main reason for refusal was side reactions told by neighboring villagers who experienced them. 2. 6 mg of hetrazan/kg B.W. X12 doses given every day turned mf postives to mf negative in 92.1%. The patients who had high mf density remained mf positive in 16.5% whereas only 2.1% for low mf density. 3. 73.8% of mf positives after the treatment showed marked decrease in mf density. Most of them to less than 15n mg/20 mm(3) of blood that can not infect mosquito effectively. 4. Mosquito infection rates were also dropped markedly in areas where mf positive were mass treated. 5. Side reaction induced by diethylcarbamazine was frequent(64%-90%) and various. The most frequent symptom was headache and fever. 6. DDT spray did not influence human mf rate and mosquito infection rate.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Loaiasis (Loa loa) in an African student in Indiana.

Loaiasis was seen in an African student in Indiana, who had non-specific complaints, leukocyte count of 8,400/mm3, a 47% eosinophilia, and a high Loa loa microfilaremia. Successful treatment with diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan) produced no allergic manifestations and no reactions to the adult parasites were evident.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Lung manifestation of visceral larva migration syndrome due to Toxocara canis infection].

32 year-old patient was hospitalized because of disseminated lung lesions. 2 years earlier he manifested chorioditis. Exact disease history suggested suspicion of toxocare infection. The diagnosis was confirmed by serological tests with anti-Toxocara canis antibodies, bronchial lavage and chest CT scan. Administration of 450 mg of dietylokarbamasin (Hetrazan) resulted in complete resolution of pulmonary lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1957

Outbreak of filariasis (Wuchereria malayi) among French and North African servicemen in North Vietnam.

In 1951 about 150 servicemen returning to Algeria from Tonking, North Vietnam, were found to show symptoms of filariasis. This article describes the investigation of the outbreak. Since on leaving the filarious area many of the patients recovered spontaneously and others were cured by treatment with arsenic or Hetrazan, the author concludes that severe, permanent and incurable lesions result only when constant reinfestation takes place.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Epidemiological characteristics and control of filariasis in Hunan Province].

Of 98 counties or cities in Hunan Province, 55 were endemic areas of filariasis. The average microfilaria rate was 5.64% (180,046/3,194,102), and the incidence of advanced filariasis, including elephantiasis and hydrocele was 3.29%. The number of filariasis patients in the whole province was estimated to be 1.63 million, comprising 1.25 million of microfilaremia cases, Culex fatigans and Anopheles hyrcanus sinensis were the major vectors of bancroftian and malayan filariasis respectively in the province. Control strategies concentrated on the elimination of infection source were implemented on the basis of extensive investigations, and the ensuing examination and treatment of filariasis cases in pilot areas prior to the implementation of province-wide filariasis control. Repeated blood examinations and medications for 3-4 times were carried out in hypo-endemic areas of malayan filariasis, whereas mass treatment with hetrazan-medicated salt containing 0.2% to 0.5% DEC was carried out in meso- and hyper-endemic areas of bancroftian filariasis as well as those situated in remote mountainous regions for six months. Subsequent evaluation and clearance checking showed that microfilaria rate of the whole province has already dropped to less than 1%. That filariasis was basically eliminated in Hunan was recognized by the Evaluation Mission Group sent by the Ministry of Public Health in 1986.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Subcutaneous dirofilariasis: infection with Dirofilaria repens].

A female patient resident in Germany is described, who had developed dirofilariasis presenting as a hard subcutaneous nodule at the glabella. Dirofilaria repens was isolated after surgical removal of the skin lesion. She was treated with diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan) for 4 weeks. Exposures related to infection with Dirofilaria repens are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Onchocerciasis in expatriates on the Ivory Coast.

Six cases of onchocerciasis were diagnosed in expatriates working on a hydroelectric dam project in Taabo (Ivory Coast) between 1977 and 1978. Taabo is in the forest area of the Bandama River, where onchocerciasis is hyperendemic. The six patients had lived in the area from 20 months to four years. In the early 1970s four of them had worked at the Kossou Dam, a similar project 125 miles up the Bandama River. Diagnoses were confirmed by demonstrating microfilariae in biopsy specimens taken from the skin overlying the iliac crest. A seventh case was diagnosed clinically as tropical filarial pulmonary eosinophilia. The six patients with microfilariae in the skin were treated successfully with diethylcarbamazine (Notezine, Hetrazan) and suramin (Moranyl). The patient with pulmonary involvement responded dramatically to treatment with diethylcarbamazine. The overall effects of onchocerciasis are poorly understood, though it is now one of the major tropical diseases, affecting millions of people living in central and western Africa, Yemen, and Central America. Medical treatment is successful, but few preventive measures are available for the disease; larvicides are subject to resistance, and their effects are transient.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Loa loa: ocular filariasis in an African student in Missouri.

Ocular filariasis was observed in an African student living in Missouri. The adult female Loa loa worm was seen migrating under the conjunctiva. There was 34% eosinophilia and a high microfilaremia. The patient was successfully treated with diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan) with no appearance of allergic manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Human pleuropulmonary gnathostomiasis: a case report from Israel.

We report a case of human gnathostomiasis presenting with bilateral pleural effusion and probable pericardial involvement. The diagnosis was made on the basis of the patient's country of origin (Nepal), the course of the disease, marked eosinophilia and the identification of Gnathostoma in a thoracic skin biopsy. The patient responded, presumably, to treatment with diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan). This case is unique in its presentation and occurrence in Israel (although not necessarily acquired in Israel).

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical course and treatment of toxocariasis in children].

Toxocariasis is a parasitic disease. Larvae of Toxocara canis, as intra-tissular parasites, can survive in human organism for 10 years. Clinical symptoms depend on massiveness of infection, organ localisation and defensive reactions of patients. 74 children were observed (in age from 1 year 8 months to 15 years). 70% of them had intraocular lesions which is the most serious complication of toxocariasis. Larva of T. canis is neurotropic. EEG revealed abnormalities in 73% of patients. The diagnosis of toxocariasis was confirmed by immunoenzymatic reaction ELISA with T. canis antigen. The patients were treated with hetrazan, if intraocular lesions were present prednisone was added. Improvement was achieved in 78% of children with intraocular lesions, in the rest effectiveness of the treatment is questionable.

Adolescent↗