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Results for “Genetics, Behavioral”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Behavior, genetics and biochemistry of an allele of the mutant mouse spastic, spaAlb.

A new autosomal recessive mutation, characterized by an early defect in righting reflex and stiffened gait, progression to severe spasticity, tremor and rigidity, and death before weaning, appeared spontaneously on the C57BL/6 background. It was shown to be an allele of the mutant spastic spa, and shall be known as spaAlb. Mutant levels of [3H]strychnine binding are less than 10% of control levels in the brainstem and spinal cord. Autoradiographic examination of the distribution of [3H]strychnine binding sites in the mutant confirm a greatly reduced level of binding compared to control in all areas of the spinal cord, brainstem, and midbrain.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Behavioral genetics.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Genetics, Behavioral↗
PubMed1999

Behavioral genetics as a tool for developmental psychology: anxiety and depression in children and adolescents.

Over the past decade there has been a huge increase in the number of behavioral genetic studies looking into anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. There are now enough data in this area to make a review of the results useful. This paper begins with an outline of the methods used in such research and moves on to review the results in extant studies. Overall, these studies indicate modest to moderate genetic influence on both anxiety and depression. However, behavioral genetic methods are also paramount for exploring environmental influences in addition to genetic influences. Shared environment (that which makes family members resemble one another) is rarely identified in adult studies of personality or psychopathology and does not appear to be a significant influence for depression but it is for anxiety. Nonshared environment, which makes family members differ from one another, is found to be a significant influence for both anxiety and depression. Patterns within these results due to rater effects, age effects, sex effects, the precise phenotype measured, and the study design are explored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Evolutionary behavioral genetics in Drosophila.

Behavioral genes have a special evolutionary interest because they are potentially involved in speciation and in many forms of adaptation. Dozens of loci affecting different aspects of behavior have been already identified and cloned in Drosophila. Some of these genes determine variation in such ethologically complex phenotypes as the male "love song" that is produced during courtship and the locomotor "sleep-wake" activity cycles that are controlled by the circadian clock. Although the evolutionary analysis of most behavioral genes in Drosophila is relatively new, it has already given important insights into the forces shaping the molecular variation at these loci and their functional consequences.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Evolution and path models in human behavioral genetics.

The evolutionary implications of the path-analysis model most often used in human behavior genetics are examined. With directional selection, a model of pure vertical environmental transmission does not respond in a fully adaptive fashion. Unless the coefficients of transmission are exactly 0.50, the population mean will not equilibrate at the selective optimum over time. If there is both genetic and vertical environmental transmission, then the population mean can equilibrate at the selective optimum. In the presence of genetic transmission, vertical environmental transmission increases population fitness and has a strong effect on the rapid movement of the mean toward the selective optimum. This raises the intriguing paradox of why empirical evidence suggests that vertical environmental transmission is usually small when it possesses such important fitness properties.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed2001

Behavior genetic modeling of human fertility: findings from a contemporary Danish Twin Study.

Behavior genetic designs and analysis can be used to address issues of central importance to demography. We use this methodology to document genetic influence on human fertility. Our data come from Danish twin pairs born from 1953 to 1959, measured on age at first attempt to get pregnant (FirstTry) and number of children (NumCh). Behavior genetic models were fitted using structural equation modeling and DF analysis. A consistent medium-level additive genetic influence was found for NumCh, equal across genders; a stronger genetic influence was identified for FirstTry, greater for females than for males. A bivariate analysis indicated significant shared genetic variance between NumCh and FirstTry.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Behavioral genetic analyses of self-reported anxiety at 7 years of age.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct behavioral genetic analyses of self-reported childhood anxiety at 7 years of age. METHOD: Three hundred twenty-six same-sex twin pairs (174 monozygotic, 152 dizygotic) completed the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale at 7 years of age. Behavioral genetic analyses were conducted on the total and subscale scores. RESULTS: Monozygotic within-pair correlations were higher than dizygotic correlations for physiological and social anxiety symptoms, suggesting heritable influences on these aspects. These results were found to be statistically significant with structural equation modeling. CONCLUSION: Certain symptoms of self-reported anxiety in children 7 years of age seem to result, at least in part, from genetic factors. Physiological and social anxiety symptoms, which may be related to behavioral inhibition, appear to be genetically influenced. These results are linked to previous findings in older children and adults.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed1997

A behavior-genetic approach to multiple chemical sensitivity.

This report emphasizes the application of behavior-genetic designs to the study of sensitivity to toxic chemicals, and features of multiple chemical sensitivity and substance abuse that are polar opposites. The implications of these issues for future research are discussed in relation to twin, adoption, and sibling pair studies, as well as in relation to the degree to which genetically selected lines of rodents that have been developed in the alcoholism field are applicable to multiple chemical sensitivity.

Adoption↗