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A Persian Gulf War support group: process, viability, and flexibility.

Observations of a Persian Gulf War support group suggest that the support group is a viable approach to ameliorating the stress of war among those personally affected. Cohesiveness developed readily, and facilitated a social support network. Therapeutic factors are compared with previous support group literature, and existential issues appear to be involved in groups addressing an uncontrollable stressor and/or the possibility of death. The volatility of the stressor produced variations in group character (supportive psychotherapy versus support versus self-help), necessitating a flexible leadership role. Observations are offered toward clarifying the nature of support groups in general.

Group Processes↗

Effects of expert and non-expert facilitators on the small-group process and on student performance.

At the University of Michigan Medical School in 1990, the authors investigated the effects of faculty facilitators' levels of content expertise on the educational process and learning outcomes of small-group teaching sessions. The study was conducted in a microbiology course for second-year students in which four small-group sessions were used to replace 38 hours of lecture and laboratory time. The interactions between 11 expert and ten non-expert faculty facilitators and 156 students were observed and coded. The students' levels of knowledge and satisfaction were measured. The results indicate that, although significant differences in faculty-student interactions were not observed, the students in the 11 groups led by the content experts had higher levels of satisfaction and higher examination scores.

Attitude↗