Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “French Polynesia”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Wuchereria bancrofti filariasis in French Polynesia: age-specific patterns of microfilaremia, circulating antigen, and specific IgG and IgG4 responses according to transmission level.

The age-specific patterns of microfilaremia, Og4C3 antigenemia, anti-Brugia malayi IgG and IgG4 were assessed in 3 villages of low, medium and high transmission level for Wuchereria bancrofti filariasis. The prevalence rates for each of the 4 markers were clearly age dependent and their patterns strongly associated with the transmission level. The antigenemia prevalence rate was consistently higher than the microfilaremia prevalence rate, in all age groups. The prevalences of anti-B. malayi IgG and IgG4 responses were very similar and much higher than those of microfilaremia or antigenemia. Antibody responses reached the plateau at an earlier age and at a higher prevalence with increased intensity of transmission. For all the markers, the prevalence rates were significantly higher in males than in females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Filarial elephantiasis in French Polynesia: a study concerning the beliefs of 127 patients about the origin of their disease.

127 patients from Tahiti who were suffering from elephantiasis were interviewed about their opinion of the origin of their disease. Ancestral beliefs are still widely held even after 25 years of antifilarial campaigns which have resulted in a drastic decrease in endemicity with almost no clinical incidence. It is disappointing that the responsibility of mosquitoes is denied by a majority of patients. The explanations are to be found in the unusual evolution of this disease and in the small importance attached to sanitary education.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Efficiency of papain-treated microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti (var. pacifica) as antigen for serodiagnosis of bancroftian filariasis in French Polynesia.

Papain-treated microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti have been used as antigen for indirect fluorescent assay: 0% of non-endemic sera, 8% of healthy exposed Polynesians, 48% of clinical patients and 96% of microfilaraemic subjects were positive by this test. The geometric mean titres were 22, 41, 147 and 605 respectively. Untreated microfilariae were unsuitable for diagnostic purposes. Dirofilaria immitis adult sections showed low reactivity, giving poor discrimination between non-endemic and microfilaraemic sera. The geometric mean titres were 6 and 61 respectively.

Antigens, Helminth↗
PubMed1999

Dengue: an evaluation of dengue severity in French Polynesia based on an analysis of 403 laboratory-confirmed cases.

We conducted a retrospective study of 403 laboratory-confirmed dengue cases hospitalized in Tahiti between August 1989 and March 1997. According to standard WHO criteria, 337 of these cases were dengue fever (DF) and 64 were dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Of the 10 fatal cases, 6 were DF and 4 were DHF. As an alternative, we used a correspondence analysis procedure to define dengue severity based on basic clinical and biological criteria for which we assigned a severity score, and then selected the 50 most severe cases from this analysis. Of the latter, 17 patients had been classified as DF and 33 as DHF by the WHO criteria. From this analysis, haemorrhages and decreased platelets counts associated with hepatic disorders are the main criteria associated with the severe dengue cases. Thus in our study population, the WHO classification does not account for the overall severity of dengue; hepatic failure should be considered as a specific severe form of dengue since plasma leakage, which is the pathophysiological hallmark of DHF, is only one of the pathogenic mechanisms leading to severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Distribution of Simulium buissoni Roubaud, 1906 and S. sechani Craig & Fossati, 1995 (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Nuku-Hiva and Eiao (Marquesas Archipelago, French Polynesia)].

Nuku-Hiva and Eiao are the only islands of the Marquesas archipelago where blackflies bite humans. Knowledge of the geographic distribution of species is necessary to optimize control operations. Looking at frequency distributions of labral fan rays numbers from a large sample of larvae allowed redefinition of species. Simulium sechani Craig & Fossati, 1995, become the only species represented in Eiao. This species live in Nuku-Hiva too, but is limited to the external part of the main caldera. Presence of S. buissoni Roubaud, 1906, in all part of the island is confirmed, as is presence of S. hukaense Séchan, 1983 but in reduced number. Large samples of S. sechani extends its labral fan rays numbers. Stability of the described repartition over several decades is shown.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Tentative discrimination of adult female simulids (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Nuku-Hiva (Marquesas Archipelago, French Polynesia)].

Simulium sechani Craig & Fossati, 1995 was recently found for the first time in a part of Nuku-Hiva Island. This species coexists with Simulim buissoni Roubaud 1906, the dominant species, and always regarded as the main biting fly on the island. The problem is that optimisation of control operations needs a good knowledge of targets. The unknown female of S. sechani is the reason of this study. This study used samples collected before the description of S. sechani to try to correlate its geographical extent with easy to use biometrical parameters, and then give a first look at the possibilities of determination of adult females. Parameters used are: the numbers of maxillary and mandibular teeth, the dimension of the third antenna article and the number of apical hairs, the width and depth of the ventral plate space, and the number of hairs on the radial vein of the wing. Analysis of frequency distributions in relation with sampling sites and trapping hosts did not allow us to find convenient diagnosis characters, but contributed to new questions about isolation of insect populations in valleys and hosts usually used.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Reduction of Wuchereria bancrofti adult worm circulating antigen after annual treatments of diethylcarbamazine combined with ivermectin in French Polynesia.

Circulating filarial antigen (CFA), determined with Og4C3 ELISA, is a marker of Wuchereria bancrofti adult worm infection. The reduction of CFA over 2 years was determined in 185 microfilaremic and 111 amicrofilaremic but CFA+ adults given an annual dose of either diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or ivermectin or the two combined. Reduction of CFA level was good with DEC but weak with ivermectin and followed the same pattern in amicrofilaremic and microfilaremic groups. Combinations and DEC alone had a similar impact on CFA level. CFA clearance was observed in amicrofilaremic but not in microfilaremic persons in all DEC-containing treatments. However, the highest clearance rate was observed in persons treated with DEC at 6 mg/kg combined with ivermectin. Continuous reduction of CFA level after repeated treatments shows that elimination of W. bancrofti infection, monitored by CFA clearance, might be achieved within a few years with annual treatments of DEC combined with ivermectin.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Release of Mesocyclops aspericornis (Copepoda) for control of larval Aedes polynesiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) in land crab burrows on an atoll of French Polynesia.

On Tereia Island, Rangiroa Atoll, 14,321 land crab burrows were treated with the copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis from January to June 1986, to control larvae of Aedes polynesiensis marks. In October 1987, the entire island of Tereia was retreated (17,300 burrows), and the neighboring island, Voisin, was left untreated as a control. From 5 to 15 mo after treatment, burrows with M. aspericornis contained an average of 2 Ae. polynesiensis immatures compared with 97 immatures from untreated burrows. Long-term larval control was successful in low-lying areas where burrows remained wet or were reflooded. Although there may have been other contributing factors, the major reason for lack of persistence of M. aspericornis in burrows over the entire island appeared to be poor resistance to desiccation. From all treated burrows in October 1987, M. aspericornis subsequently was found in 89.5, 39.1, and 24.1% of burrows sampled 5, 8, and 15 mo after treatment, respectively. The broad-scale results for Tereia indicated that there was no reduction of adult biting indices when compared with Voisin. Mark-release experiments on four occasions indicated that Ae. polynesiensis had a limited flight range and that the probability for interisland movement was low.

Aedes↗
PubMed1994

Insecticide susceptibility in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from French Polynesia.

Susceptibility to six organophosphate (OP), two pyrethroid (PY), and one carbamate (C) insecticides was investigated in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say, Aedes aegypti (L.), and Aedes polynesiensis Marks larvae from the island of Tahiti. Cx. p. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti were compared with susceptible reference strains treated simultaneously. A low, but significant, resistance to bromophos (4.6x), chlorpyrifos (5.7x), fenthion (2.4x), fenitrothion (5.0x), temephos (4.3x) and permethrin (2.1x) was found in Cx. p. quinquefasciatus, and to malathion (1.5x), temephos (2.3x), permethrin (1.8x) and propoxur (1.7x) in Ae. aegypti. Cx. p. quinquefasciatus was shown to possess over-produced esterases A2 and B2, which are known to be involved in resistance to OPs in other countries. Ae. polynesiensis was less resistant than the Ae. aegypti reference strain to all insecticides except temephos (1.8x) and permethrin (6.7x). To determine whether Ae. polynesiensis had developed resistance to these insecticides in Tahiti, a geographical survey covering 12 islands of the Society, Tuamotu, Tubuai, Marquesas, and Gambier archipelagoes was undertaken with three insecticides (temephos, deltamethrin, and permethrin). Two- to threefold variations in LC50S were observed among collections. Results are discussed in relationship to the level of insecticide exposure on the different islands.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Ecology of the biting midge Leptoconops albiventris in French Polynesia. II. Location of breeding sites and larval microdistribution.

The habitat of the immature stages of Leptoconops albiventris de Meijere (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) was found to be in beach sand located above the high tide level near creeping vegetation. The immatures were restricted to a narrow strip and most occurred in the upper 6 cm of sand. Within a given breeding site, larvae were aggregated in their distribution. Eggs were layed on the bare sand surface, from which the larvae apparently dispersed to the plant-covered sand and to deeper strata, before returning to the surface for pupation and emergence. The nature of these breeding sites suggests that it is possible to control L. albiventris populations. Recovery of immature stages from sand samples by a flotation method is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Ecology of the biting midge Leptoconops albiventris in French Polynesia. III. Influence of abiotic factors on breeding sites. Towards ecological control?

Correspondance Analysis was used to determine the significant abiotic factors influencing the ecology of the immature stages of Leptoconops albiventris (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). The breeding places required strict environmental conditions: fine and well-sorted sand, with low conductivity and humidity. However, the microdistribution of the immature stages within a breeding site does not depend on such factors. Modifying physical parameters in the larval breeding areas might be an important component in future ecological control programmes against L. albiventris populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

HLA in two islands of French Polynesia.

The HLA-A, B, and C antigens of 243 individuals from two Polynesian islands, Maiao and Hiva Oa, have been characterized. 328 haplotypes were defined by family analysis. Most frequent antigens were A2, A11, Aw24, A26 , Aw34 ; Bw38, Bw39 , Bw48 , Bw55 , Bw56 , Bw60 ; Cwl, Cw3, and Cw4. Several other antigens were present at low frequency or were present on only one island. New variants of Bw22 and B40 were found. Despite an overall similarity in antigens of the two islands, the combination of HLA-A, B and C antigens on the haplotype were distinctive. Of 328 total haplotypes identified, 65 were unique. Thirteen of these (20%) were present on both islands. Twenty-eight (43%) were unique to Hiva Oa and 24 (37%) were unique to Maiao . Significant, positive linkage disequilibrium values (delta) for HLA-A, B and HLA-B, C antigens were also different for the two populations.

Alleles↗