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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Disinfection of endoscopes in gastroenterology. Bacteriologic evaluation of the procedure employed in the endoscopic unit at the Mongi Slim Hospital of Tunisia].

An evaluation was made of the incidence of contamination of the endoscopes during gastroscopy and colonoscopy and of the efficacy of the disinfection procedure used in our digestive endoscopy unit. Serial bacteriological samples were made before and after the endoscopy session and also between patient procedures. These samples were taken on the endoscopes and their accessories and also on the walls, examination table, gloves and the uniforms of the staff. Over 60 p. cent of the samples were positive showing that the disinfection technique was not bacteriologicaly satisfactory. Most of the micro-organisms found were opportunists. Firm guidelines regarding adequate disinfection are important and regular micro-biological control of disinfection procedures must be performed.

Disinfection↗
PubMed1990

Coronal computed tomography.

The authors describe a method of direct coronal computed tomography (CT) of the body for infants and children who are introduced onto the gantry in a lateral decubitus position transversely across the examination table. Scans are planned from a lateral scout view, with the number of coronal scans ranging from four to six. Images are more informative and detail is sharper than routine axial cuts with coronal reformations. This method is valuable in resolving complex problems related to disease adjacent to the diaphragm and can accurately demonstrate the extension and relation of lesions to neighboring structures.

Hernia, Diaphragmatic↗
PubMed1990

[Pelvimetry using computerized tomography. I. Theoretical and methodical fundamentals].

The first part of our article deals with the basic aspects of using computed tomography in obstetrical pelvimetry. A macerated osseous female pelvis was used to measure the true conjugate, the transverse plane of the pelvic inlet, the interspinous line and the distance between the ischial tuberosities. The same pelvis was then examined computed tomographically. A lateral and a posterior-anterior scan, and a single scan through the iliac spines were performed. The results of the direct measurement agreed highly with the values achieved computed tomographically if the phantom was positioned exactly on the mid-line of the examination-table, if not, the true conjugate was elongated. Measurements of the superficial and the intravaginal radiation dose in patients demonstrated a significantly lower risk in computed tomography than in conventional x-ray methods. We recommend computed tomography in obstetrics as a safe, accurate and reliable method.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Heart volume during short-term head-down tilt (-6 degrees) in comparison with horizontal body position.

The immediate effect of head-down tilt (5 min., -6 degrees) on heart volume was investigated in nine healthy male volunteers. Heart volumes were determined by the X-ray method of Kahlstorf and Rohrer as modified by Musshoff and Reindell. Biplane chest orthodiagrams were taken after 5 min of rest in a prone horizontal position (control values) and 5 min after tilting the examination table into a -6 degrees head-down tilt position. After 5 min head-down tilt, cardiac volumes had increased significantly (+ 5.2%). The results indicate that head-down tilt leads to an immediate increase in heart volume, which is similar in terms of elapsed time to results of immersion experiments conducted by other researchers, but not in terms of percent of increase.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1986

[Arthropods as coproscopic findings in dogs and cats].

A review is given on arthropodes which might occur in faeces of dog and cat in Central Europe in correspondence to their route and way of infestation, including findings based on our own faecal examinations. Tables are given for the diagnosis of preimaginal stages and a key for the identification of imagines. The veterinary importance of such coprological findings as well as possible therapeutic measures are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Selective effect of propolis in the isolation of Listeria monocytogenes (author's transl)].

Propolis is a substance produced by honeybees. It is inhibitory to some bacteria species, mainly Gram-positive bacteria, but less inhibitory to Listeria monocytogenes (L.m) than to the other Gram-positive bacteria tested. In order to obtain selective growth of L.m. from contaminated samples, the effect of propolis in plating media and broths on various strains of bacteria was examined. Table I shows the effect of increasing concentrations of propolis in tryptose-agar (TA). L.m. tolerated higher concentrations of propolis than Streptococcus viridans and Staphylococcus aureus. L.m. grew well in tryptosebroth (TB) that contained 0.15 mg propolis pr. ml medium, while Streptococcus viridans and Streptococcus agalactiae were completely inhibited as seen in Table II. Table III shows that when serum was added to the agar, the inhibitory effect was reduced. It can also be seen that Gram-negative bacteria grew quite well on media that contained 0.19 mg propolis pr. ml. To reduce the growth of Gram-negative bacteria, nalidixic acid was added to the medium. Table IV illustrates growth of various species of bacteria in tryptosephosphatebroth (TFB) with or without propolis and nalidixic acid. Most of the strains tested were inhibited, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to some extent faecal streptococci were able to grow in the medium that contained the selective substances. As a conclusion it seems that propolis may be a valuable additive to a medium for the selective isolation of L.m.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Low-risk amniocentesis in the third trimester under ultrasound control.

Amniocentesis was performed under ultrasound control on 501 third-trimester gravidae out of the 509 referred. Eight patients were excluded based on the ultrasound examination, since practically no amniotic fluid could be detected. Ultrasound was used to find a pocket of amniotic fluid in which the puncture would carry no risk to the foetus. The puncture was made immediately after the examination, on the same examination table. In 17% of cases the puncture was made in the lower uterine segment behind the foetal neck. A diagnostic sample of the amniotic fluid was obtained in 87.4% of cases. In the other 12.6%, the sample either could not be obtained (7.8%) or contained blood (4.8%). In 1.8% of cases the membranes ruptured within 24 hours of the puncture. In no case could any damage be shown either to the foetus or to the placenta, nor were there any signs of intrauterine infection.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1981

[Lower limb length measurement. Precision orthoradiographic methods (author's transl)].

The precision of the Bell-Thompson method for measuring lower limb length can be considerably improved by three simple additional procedures: estimating the distance between the anatomical plane and the examination table; marking the diaphragm opening area on the film; automatically correcting errors due to projection conicity and obliqueness of the segment measured by means of a programmable pocket calculator.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Placement of the urethral stent made of shape memory alloy in management of benign prostatic hypertrophy for debilitated patients.

PURPOSE: A new urethral stent made of shape memory alloy was placed to relieve prostatic obstruction in 17 patients in whom other approaches were contraindicated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients were unable to tolerate intervention with sedation and positioning. Placement of the shape memory alloy stent mounted on a 16F Foley catheter is similar to insertion of a urethral catheter except for the heat-sensitive expansion. RESULTS: Each device was easily implanted with the patient on a flat examination table. There was no migration or incrustation of the shape memory alloy stent during the indwelling period. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical results demonstrate that the shape memory alloy urethral stent might be the only choice for management of prostatic obstruction in debilitated patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Disabilities give some physicians a fresh insight into their profession.

Most physicians see disabilities only in the patients they treat, but some doctors speak from personal experience when they say disabilities should not be a barrier to practising medicine. Neurologist Gordon Robinson of Vancouver says the spinal problems that left him a paraplegic could not stop him from practising. Many aspects of his work didn't really require the use of his legs. He could still see patients in the office much as he had before simply by using an examining table that could be lowered. However, it may be more difficult convincing colleagues that physical disabilities are not an insurmountable barrier.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1995

'I fell down the stairs.' Physicians can help by learning to recognize the signs of domestic violence.

The baby lay on the examining table, his elbow swollen to grotesque proportions like some jumbo orange had sprouted from his tiny arm. And Diana Fite, MD, remembers wondering how the 1-year-old child could have sustained such an awful fracture from just falling out of bed. In 2 years as an emergency physician, she'd seen her share of injuries from out-of-bed falls--usually split lips, minor head lacerations, or, at worst, fractured clavicles. But nothing like what this baby had.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1995

Magnetic resonance imaging of the aging brain in Down syndrome.

MRI studies to date have confirmed and expanded upon findings of morphologic differences between the brains of subjects with DS and those of the general population found by CT and post-mortem examination. [table; see text] Hippocam pal and neocortical structures are smaller in DS while unexpectedly the parahippocampal gyrus was found to be larger. MRI has demonstrated that subjects with DS develop signs associated with [table; see text] brain aging at an earlier age. These findings include increased rate of dilatation of ventricles, increased peripheral atrophy, and increased deep white matter lesions. In addition, changes that are associated with AD occur earlier in the DS population. Functional studies reveal decreasing cerebral perfusion with age in adults with DS, a pattern similar to non-DS subjects with clinically progressive dementia, and provide evidence for altered blood-brain barrier permeability. Dynamic MRI studies have also shown adults with DS to have fluctuating cortical CSF volumes, similar to some elderly non-DS subjects and subjects with shunted hydrocephalus. This is a new finding in brain aging that suggests a relationship between aging in DS and edematous states of the brain.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spiral X-ray computed tomography: a new modality of scanner imaging].

Spiral computed tomography is a new imaging modality that presents several advantages when compared to conventional and dynamic computed tomography. It consists in a continuous rotation of the X-Ray tube around the anatomical area to be explored, simultaneously with a move of the examination table at a constant speed. Advantages are the short acquisition time (below one minute), optimization of the intravenous injection of the iodinated contrast material, acquisition of a gapless volume of data which can be post-processed, permitting axial reconstructed sections which are perfectly contiguous, as well as an easy access to 2D multiplanar and 3D reconstructions, with the benefit of a substantial decrease in patients' radiation. This paper will review the prominent advantages, as well as the current limitations, of this new imaging modality.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

NIH Consensus statement. Bioelectrical impedance analysis in body composition measurement. National Institutes of Health Technology Assessment Conference Statement. December 12-14, 1994.

OBJECTIVE: To provide physicians with a responsible assessment of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technology for body composition measurement. PARTICIPANTS: A non-Federal, nonadvocate, 13-member panel representing the fields of nutrition, pediatrics, surgery, public health, biomedical engineering, epidemiology, and biostatistics. In addition, 20 experts in nutrition, pediatrics, metabolism, biomedical engineering, physiology, and epidemiology presented data to the panel and a conference audience of 220. EVIDENCE: The literature was searched through Medline and an extensive bibliography of reference was provided to the panel and the conference audience. Experts prepared abstracts with relevant citations from the literature. Scientific evidence was given precedence over clinical anecdotal experience. ASSESSMENT PROCESS: The panel, answering predefined questions, developed their conclusions based on the scientific evidence presented in open forum and the scientific literature. The panel composed a draft statement that was read in its entirety and circulated to the experts and the audience for comment. Thereafter, the panel resolved conflicting recommendations and released a revised statement at the end of the conference. The panel finalized the revisions within a few weeks after conference. CONCLUSIONS: BIA provides a reliable estimate of total body water under most conditions. It can be a useful technique for body composition analysis in healthy individuals and in those with a number of chronic conditions such as mild-to-moderate obesity, diabetes mellitus, and other medical conditions in which major disturbances of water distribution are not prominent. BIA values are affected by numerous variables including body position, hydration status, consumption of food and beverages, ambient air and skin temperature, recent physical activity, and conductance of the examining table. Reliable BIA requires standardization and control of these variables. A specific, well-defined procedure for performing routine BIA measurements is not practiced. Therefore, the panel recommends that a committee of appropriate scientific experts and instruments manufacturers be formed with the goal of setting instruments standards and procedural methods.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1997

Evaluation of adnexal masses using three-dimensional ultrasonographic technology: preliminary report.

The purpose of the current study was to demonstrate the ability of three-dimensional ultrasonographic technology to enhance the morphologic scoring system and further improve the ability to differentiate benign from malignant ovarian masses. We performed conventional two-dimensional and three-dimensional transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasonography on eight women with adnexal masses. All patients underwent exploratory laparotomy or diagnostic laparoscopy. The three-dimensional ultrasonographic findings were compared with the two-dimensional ultrasonograms, the intraoperative observations, and gross and histopathologic findings. The morphologic scoring system as described by Sassone and coworkers was adopted, with scores of less than 9 suggestive of benign lesions, and this system was applied in both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonographic examinations. The morphologic scores were subsequently compared. The images were dissected in the XYZ planes, and the areas suggestive of malignancy, as suggested by two-dimensional ultrasonography, were determined to be either negative or positive and confirmatory. In each of the eight adnexal masses, three-dimensional ultrasonography confirmed the preoperative diagnoses. The morphologic scores did not differ between two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonograms for the benign cysts. In one case of benign solid fibroma, both the two-dimensional and three-dimensional gray scale morphologic scores were falsely positive at greater than 9. In one case of malignant serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma the two-dimensional morphologic score was a 9, where- as the three-dimensional score was 13. This difference in scores can be attributed to the additional views available with three-dimensional volume scanning, which allowed better characterization of the pathologic conditions. In addition, three-dimensional sonographic technology had the added advantage of high-speed image acquisition and recording to decrease the time of scanning to improve patient comfort. Furthermore, three-dimensional ultrasonography allowed the real-time analysis of the acquired image data to be conducted at a later time when the patient is off the examination table. Our preliminary results suggest that three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasonographic technology can enhance and facilitate the morphologic evaluation of both benign and malignant adnexal masses.

Adult↗