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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Safe, controllable technology?

In a discussion starting from Haux et al. it is asked, if a safe and controllable technology to implement the patient centered health record is available and which measures must be taken to insure the safety of the record-these include legislation, education, technical measures etc. In addition to the goals set forward in the support for patient empowerment is proposed as another major goal for IT-systems in medicine for the next decade. Finally the role of IT with respect to physicians and patients is discussed: IT systems have the capability to perform tasks that are considered the tasks of physicians and it is likely, that these capabilities will be implemented.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed2002

The impact of handpump corrosion on water quality in rural areas of West African sub-region.

Water, even in its natural environment, contains some level of impurities. Water is nearly a universal solvent. It contains dissolved solids and gases, and hosts a number of micro-organisms. The exploitation of groundwater by means of boreholes for supplying small user groups and rural communities with water has been widely applied in certain parts of the world for several decades. In recent years this practice has spread all over the globe, and hundred of thousands of boreholes have been drilled to tap low-yield aquifers. It is evident that such boreholes require pumps for lifting the water. In developing countries these are usually handpumps, but solar as well as other systems with submersible pumps are also used, depending upon the energy sources available and the financial means of the beneficiaries. This article gives a general overview of groundwater quality with regard to its physico-chemical composition. The results presented originate from the experience gained from handpump equipped boreholes within the UNICEF through German Centre for Technical Education Transfer executed inter-regional UNDP-Handpumps Project in West African Regions. Particular attention is paid to presenting corrosion on the water quality of wells in terms of iron concentration and other parameters. Furthermore, the corrosion attack on galvanised iron, the effect of biofilms on the corrosion rate, and the difference between internal and external corrosion of rising mains are shown.

Africa, Western↗
PubMed2005

[Mortality from malignant melanoma: epidemiological trends in Switzerland].

The skin doesn't forget damage by sun exposure (sunburn, ultraviolet radiation). Indeed, melanoma mortality increases quite linearly with rising age. For Swiss nationals the sex ratio of mortality rates is 1.7, i.e. risks for male foreigners and Swiss females are of similar size. However, in younger Swiss men (35 to 44 years) mortality rates between 1979/83 and 1997/2001 diminished by 66% (p < 0.02). Analyses of mortality by occupational groups revealed that indoor working males like graduates and employees with commercial or technical education have an increased risk. The results support the association between melanoma risk and intermittent sun exposure, outdoor workers with chronic sunlight exposure being slightly protected. Further declines in mortality may be expected with skin cancer prevention campaigns improving sun exposure behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Rehabilitation for people with psychiatric disabilities: from care-role to payroll.

One of the most pressing problems faced by people recovering from psychiatric disabilities at Singapore Anglican Welfare Council (SAWC) continues to be difficulty in finding jobs. It is posited that recognized certification in various practical, marketable, vocational skills increases employment opportunities for people with psychiatric disabilities. In an effort to provide more effective training and to enhance integration, SAWC started two innovative in-house training programs: the On-tbe-Job Training (OJT) program and the Certificate in Office Skills (COS), both programs approved by the Singapore Institute of Technical Education (ITE). It has been found that people, after completion of the OJT; work with greater confidence and their work quality levels also increase. The COS started in September 1999 and will be completed in November 2000; however, people who participated in the course have responded with great enthusiasm because they were able to focus on a more definite goal in their future.

Employment↗
PubMed2004

A history of anatomy theaters in sixteenth-century Padua.

The history of anatomy includes not only professors and the support of their institutions but also medical students. Because medical students were quick to assess a teacher's pedagogy, their complaints tell us a great deal about the transition from Galenic to Aristotelian projects of anatomy. When Fabricius of Aquapendente instituted a new style of anatomical inquiry, one based on Aristotle and the search for universal principles, students repeatedly complained that his demonstrations did not provide technical education in structural anatomy (as demonstrations employing a hands-on, Galenic pedagogy did). Within the new anatomy theater (the second of its kind in Padua), however, students were persuaded to accept Fabricius's demonstrations. Fabricius's philosophical orientation combined with the formal atmosphere and aesthetic features of the new theater to create anatomy demonstrations that relied on orations and music for their structure (rather than on the progressive stages of human dissection). A place that emphasized a discourse of anatomy as the study of the "secrets of nature," the new theater so effectively publicized a new style of anatomy that a larger, more diverse group of spectators attended subsequent demonstrations and participated in the celebration of leading academic figures as well as the institution of the university.

Anatomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The evolution of biomedical equipment technology.

This feature article presents an overview of how the biomedical equipment technology field developed. It begins with some of the early medical equipment breakthroughs, such as the discovery of X rays. The article then traces the key role of the military in electronic technology design, leading to the concept of specially trained individuals to maintain medical equipment. The Technical Education Research Center is discussed, along with the evolution of BMET schools. Formal BMET education had a strong advocate in Ralph Nader, whose concerns about electrical safety in hospitals supported the need for trained technicians to test medical equipment. BMET certification, BMET careers, and Clinical Engineering are discussed. The article concludes with some speculation on healthcare reform and its possible effect on the biomedical equipment profession.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed2003

Lichen sclerosus of the vulva in women: assessment, diagnosis, and management for the nurse practitioner.

PURPOSE: To describe the etiology, clinical manifestations, assessment, and management of vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) in women. DATA SOURCES: Selected research and clinical articles in professional journals and online websites, peer review, educational technical bulletin from professional organization and the authors' professional clinical experiences. CONCLUSIONS: Vulvar LS can manifest with varied symptoms that may mimic other common vulvar disorders such as infections. Careful assessment of the vulva and biopsy of any suspicious skin changes are needed for diagnosis and management of vulvar LS. Treatment with high-potency topical corticosteroids may alleviate uncomfortable symptoms and reduce physical changes. Follow-up management is essential to check for progressing problems such as introital stenosis and to assess for skin changes that may indicate vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Accurate diagnosis and successful management of vulvar LS requires thorough assessment of the genitalia, knowledge of the disorder and appropriate treatment and follow-up management.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2005

Development of the Safe Tractor Assessment Rating System.

We describe the development of the Safe Tractor Assessment and Rating System (STARS), a design-based tractor safety rating system that can be applied to new or used tractors to provide an objective assessment of their inherent safety features. A predictive rating system model, based on technical inspection, was used. Key principles underlying the system included the potential for design features to reduce the risk of an injury event occurring, and to reduce the risk of injury if such an event did occur. The rating system was based on current standards, research literature, injury and fatality data, and farmer input via focus groups. Development was an iterative process involving field, pilot, and inter-rater reliability tests. The final system was divided into six domains: rollover protection, runover protection, user protection, information and controls, pedestrian protection, and options. Within each domain, optimum design features were described for the common or serious potential injury risks, and a score was assigned for each feature. Scores were translated into a star rating, from zero stars for virtually no inherent safety features to five stars for the highest inherent safety, for each of the six domains. STARS distinguished well between older tractor models known to have few inherent safety features and newer tractor models known to have higher levels of inherent safety. STARS can provide tractor manufacturers, dealers, and users with information critical for managing tractor-associated injury risk. In Australia, it is initially being implemented within the curriculum of the technical education and training sector.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed2005

[Gerontological training of nursing technicians: a cultural approach].

Brazilian nursing has been trying to discuss social-political questions that interfere in health and higher as well as technical education. One of the challenges posed nowadays is the population's aging, which occurs at an accelerated rate and demands redefinition of roles and actions to attend to the elderly population. This case study aimed to understand the gerontological training of nursing technicians from a cultural approach, using a qualitative methodology. Results revealed deficiencies in the formation of competent nursing technicians who are trained in elderly care. Human beings' use of symbols and meanings of past experiences was seen as a reference point for the promotion of transforming initiatives that correspond to social reality.

Culture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching and evaluation of basic surgical techniques: the University of British Columbia experience.

Surgical technical education has traditionally followed an apprenticeship format. The need for innovative undergraduate programs using dry and wet labs prior to clinical exposure continues to be an area of debate. Specific programs have been described to improve surgical skills; however, an accepted platform for training and evaluation of surgical skills programs has not been recognized. Therefore, introduction of specific programs to teach undergraduate medical students surgical skills is essential. This article describes the Basic Surgical Technique (BST) program taught at the University of British Columbia and reports the effectiveness of this program in improving the practical skills of undergraduate medical students. The program includes BST I for third-year students performed in a dry lab setting, and BST II for medical student interns (MSI) performed at the animal laboratories using female domestic swine as subjects. A total of 87 students participated in the study. The program is designed using Piaget's and Vygotsky's pedagogical philosophy of "learning by doing." A semiquantitative method is used to measure and analyze the outcome of this project. Data were validated using student self-evaluation tests and by quantitative evaluation by surgical staff from the surgical wards. Results of this prospective project indicated that the BST program significantly (p < .05) improved the surgical performance of undergraduate students, and that the time lapse between BST I and II has had a negative impact in retention of acquired surgical skills. This study concludes that the BST program taught at the University of British Columbia significantly improves the surgical skills of medical students and improves their self-confidence during their internship.

British Columbia↗
PubMed1992

[Etiology of specific types of dysphasia and dyslexia as well as their natural supporting mechanism (theoretical approach and therapeutic response)].

The respective role of the organic and psychological factors is discussed. The importance of the individual's reaction to his own disorder is emphasized. This reaction according to the author promotes an evolution from a simple delay to a specific deviation. It is this reaction that the program "Natural Accompaniment" aims to contain or to defuse in proposing re-educative technics relying upon two principles: demands requiring no effort, priority to the words' significance.

Aphasia↗
PubMed2004

[Warthin's tumor of the parotid gland. Epidemiological and clinical analysis of 127 cases].

The aim of this study was a review of 127 patients treated for Warthin's tumor of parotid gland during 15-years period 1988-2003 in Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland. The age-standardised incidence rate of this tumor was 0.32/100,000. There were 73.2% males and 26.8% females. Age ranged at presentation from 18 to 88 years (average 59.8+/-11.6). Workers from cities over 100,000 inhabitants, with technical education constituted the largest group. Almost 70% of the patients were smokers. Most frequently patients reported slow enlargement of tumor (55.9%), presence of tumor (24.4%) and rapid tumor enlargement (7.1%). Average duration of symptoms was 27 months. The average size of the tumor was 36+/-19 mm. More than half of tumors had less than 30 mm in diameter. After histopathological assessment the average size of tumor was 21+/-17 mm and the tumors less than 30 mm in diameter were 73.1%. There were 2.4% of bilateral neoplasms. Pre-operative cytological examination was not correlated with histopathological examination in less than half of cases (39.5%). All patients were treated surgically and in 81.9% the parotidectomy was performed. The most common localization of the tumor (52.4%) was lower pole of parotid gland. There were also stated 12.4% multifocal neoplasms and 3.8% tumors arising extraglandularly. The main complication after surgical treatment was temporary or permanent facial nerve palsy (10.8%). In 1 case the residual tumor was observed which required reoperation. In time of postoperative observation up to 15 years 1 case (0.9%) of recurrence which required surgical intervention. We noted an increase in number of Warthin's tumor in the analysed period of time.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

"Good help" in St. Petersburg.

Founded in 2001 by representatives of seven local organizations, the Refugee Healthcare Partnership (RHP) provides necessary health services and meaningful employment opportunities for refugees in the Tampa Bay, FL, area. Spearheaded by Catholic health care organizations and Catholic Charities of the Diocese of St. Petersburg, the RHP was made possible initially by funding from the Bon Secours Mission Fund of Bon Secours Health System, Marriottsville, MD. Florida leads the nation in granting lawful permanent resident status to refugees and asylum seekers. Like the rest of the country, Florida has a shortage of long-term care nursing personnel. RHP leaders believed that by training refugees to become certified nursing assistants (CNAs) they could ease the local CNA shortage and provide refugees jobs with health insurance. Soon thereafter, RHP leaders recognized that to be successful they would have to provide services to teach refugees English. The RHP worked with the Pinellas Technical Education Centers (PTEC) to form the Pinellas Refugee Education Program (PREP). Funded by the Florida Department of Children and Families and the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, PREP assists refugees to learn English and to train for jobs, including careers outside of health care. To help RHP clients prepare for CNA classes at PTEC, a "medical orientation" course was developed to give refugees familiarity with medical terms and with long-term care practices in the U.S. In less than four years, the RHP has served more than 260 clients. The RHP continues to offer its clients needs assessment; placement in health-care related, entry-level training programs; mentoring programs; and referrals to medical services. The original seed funding from Bon Secours has now been superseded by a substantial grant from the state.

Catholicism↗
PubMed1991

Laser technology: a nursing perspective.

Over the past 10 years, nurses have been challenged to integrate laser technology into both hospital and office-based clinical practices. Understanding the fundamental concepts of lasers in medicine enables the nurse to function more effectively in an expanded role that focuses on patient education, technical skill, and collaborative practice.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed1990

Physicians' office laboratories.

The number of physicians' office laboratories (POLs) is increasing. Formal technical education and certification for physician office laboratory personnel assure more accurate results.

Hazardous Substances↗
PubMed1987

Innovative surgical procedures and stoma care in the future.

Innovative surgical procedures require particular attention to the technical, educational, and emotional issues. Patients need thorough education to understand surgical options, complications, and expected outcomes. Because of the new aspect of these procedures, patients and significant others may feel quite isolated from others. Recognizing behaviors which may indicate this problem and seeking opportunities to provide emotional support and role modeling from other patients are most therapeutic. The quest for continence provides the patient with alternatives to be cured of disease and avoid the need for an external appliance and an abdominal stoma.

Colostomy↗
PubMed1995

Ergonomics for industrially developing countries: an alternative approach.

The main focus of ergonomics is the improvement of working conditions and safety. Studies of workers in industrialized countries (ICs) have focused on subjects like occupational health, work physiology, biomechanics, design, and cognition. However, in industrially developing countries (IDCs), the characteristics and conditions of the worker and his workplace are different. This paper suggests an alternative approach to improve working conditions for ergonomists in industrially developing countries. Together with the ergonomic factors previously stated, this approach also considers the broader social and cultural context within which the worker and his workplace exist. The operator is regarded as a product of his socio-cultural environment. His work place (e.g. its ambience, organization, shopfloor conditions, and the state of technology) and his work practices (e.g. attitudes, behavior, ethics, and problem-solving abilities) are affected by societal conditions (like quality of training and education, technical infrastructure, and technical culture).

Culture↗