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Results for “EUPHORIA”

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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Population screening for breast cancer: between euphoria and scepticism].

Forty years after the first mammograms were made, doubts are cast on the effectiveness of population screening for breast cancer. Disease-specific and overall mortality appear to have diminished, but any real effect is small. Proponents of breast cancer screening point at the possibility of saving lives and at the obligation to do so, whereas opponents emphasise that the screening may do more harm than good and that the large funds involved might be better spent in other health care areas. If the experts cannot decide on the effectiveness, simply leaving the choice of whether or not to take part up to citizens offers no solution. These complex health care matters require complex answers, which have to be found before any population screening for cancer of prostate, colon or lung can be implemented.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

[Cannabis and schizophrenia. From euphoria to psychosis].

Cannabis is the most abused illicit drug in the world. Prevalence of this substance abuse is more frequent in psychiatric populations, particularly in persons with schizophrenia. This observation leads one to question a relationship of cause and effect between cannabis and schizophrenia and of impact of cannabis on the course of this disease. Several studies have been realised to give a response to this question.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Farm euphoria].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug euphoria.

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Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed2005

How cardinal are cardinal symptoms in pediatric bipolar disorder? An examination of clinical correlates.

BACKGROUND: The main goal of this study was to test whether the hypothesized cardinal symptom of euphoria results in differences in clinical correlates in bipolar youth ascertained with no a priori assumptions about cardinal symptoms. METHODS: Subjects (n = 86) satisfying DSM-IV criteria for bipolar disorder with and without the proposed cardinal symptom of euphoria were compared in their bipolar symptom pattern, functioning and patterns of comorbidity. RESULTS: Among Criterion A (abnormal mood), we found that severe irritability was the predominant abnormal mood rather than euphoria (94% vs. 51%). We also found that among Criterion B items, grandiosity was not uniquely overrepresented in youth with mania, nor did the rate of grandiosity differ whether irritability or irritability and euphoria were the Criterion A mood symptom. Neither symptom profile, patterns of comorbidity nor measures of functioning differed related to the presence or absence of euphoria. CONCLUSIONS: These findings challenge the notion that euphoria represents a cardinal symptom of mania in children. Instead they support the clinical relevance of severe irritability as the most common presentation of mania in the young. They also support the use of unmodified DSM-IV criteria in establishing the diagnosis of mania in pediatric populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporal concordance of cocaine effects on mood states and neuroendocrine hormones.

Cocaine stimulates the release of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and cortisol in both clinical and preclinical studies, but the temporal sequence of cocaine-induced changes in other hormones and affective states is unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze the pattern and temporal concordance of cocaine-induced changes in ACTH, cortisol, dihydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), epinephrine, heart rate and subjective reports of euphoria. Six healthy men who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV) criteria for cocaine abuse provided informed consent for participation. Cocaine (0.4 mg/kg) or saline placebo was infused intravenously over 1 min under double-blind conditions. Euphoria, ACTH, epinephrine and heart rate increased significantly within 8 to 12 min after i.v. cocaine administration in all subjects (P<0.01-0.001). Moreover, the increases in euphoria, ACTH, epinephrine and heart rate each were significantly correlated with increases in plasma cocaine levels (P<0.001). Euphoria increased significantly within 2 min after i.v. cocaine injection, as plasma cocaine levels were increasing, and peak euphoria was reported at 10 min (P<0.001). Peak ACTH values were measured at 8.7 (+/-0.8) min after cocaine injection (P<0.01). Peak levels of epinephrine were measured at 10 (+/-1) min after cocaine injection (P<0.05). Peak increases in heart rate occurred at 11.7 (+/-1.1) min after cocaine injection (P<0.05). Peak levels of cortisol and DHEA were measured at 36 (+/-4.0) and 28.7 (+/-4.3) min after cocaine injection (P<0.01 and P<0.01). The temporal concordance between cocaine-induced stimulation of ACTH, epinephrine and subjective euphoria suggests that these hormonal changes are significant concomitants of the abuse-related effects of cocaine. The similarities between these hormonal profiles, the subjective effects of cocaine and the effects of "stress" are discussed.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed2002

Time series modeling of heroin and morphine drug action.

RATIONALE: Clinical observations and recent findings suggested different acceptance of morphine and heroin by intravenous drug users in opiate maintenance programs. We postulated that this is caused by differences in the perceived effects of these drugs, especially how desired and adverse effects of both drugs interacted. OBJECTIVES: We measured the desired and adverse effects of high doses of injected morphine and heroin in patients to determine the causal interactions between both types of effects and test the hypothesis of a differential mechanism of action. METHODS: Thirty-three patients (five females, 28 males; mean duration of previous street heroin use 10.7 years, mean age 30.1 years) were randomly allocated double-blind to the substance groups. The average daily dose per participant in the heroin condition (n=17) was 491 mg, in the morphine condition (n=16) 597 mg. The observation period lasted 3 weeks; an average of 70 injections was received. After each injection of either substance, various aspects of drug effects were recorded systematically. Ratings were summarized into the factors "euphoria" and "adverse effects". Time series models were computed for each participant on the basis of the factor scores, using vector autoregression (VAR). RESULTS: A highly significant difference between the substances was found in the interaction between "euphoria" and "adverse effects". Adverse effects of heroin preceded higher euphoria, whereas adverse effects of morphine preceded subsequent lower euphoria. Additionally, the finding of a higher level of adverse effects in morphine was replicated. CONCLUSIONS: Results point to different mechanisms of action of the two opioids when the perceived drug effects are evaluated in a field setting. This may explain the better acceptance of heroin in opiate-assisted treatment of intravenous drug patients. The method used can be a valuable tool for the comparison of substance groups other than opioids.

Adult↗