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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

A study of placental umbilical cord whole blood transfusion in 72 patients with anemia and emaciation in the background of cancer.

In the under-resourced world, transfusion to advanced oncological patients involves two major problems, i.e., (a) transfusion transmitted disease, and (b) infrastructural deficiency. Many hospitals cannot cope with the specialized requirements of immunocompromised cancer victims, for instance, leucoreduction, selective apheresis, irradiation of the blood, viral inactivation of the blood by solvent and/or detergent treatment or photochemical inactivation using psoralen or long wavelength ultraviolet light and cytomegalovirus safe blood. The exorbitant cost of red blood cell (RBC) substitutes like hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers or perflurocarbon emulsions, liposome encapsulated hemoglobin, is simply unacceptable for an average oncological patient in the developing world. Moreover, it should be underscored that none of the total blood functions are replaced by any available so-called blood substitute, the primary function of which is oxygen delivery and volume expansion only. A more accurate term should be red cell substitute. Cord blood, because of its rich mix of fetal and adult hemoglobin, platelet and white blood cell (WBC) count, and plasma filled with cytokine and growth factors--as well as its hypoantigenic nature and altered metabolic profile--has all the potential of a real and safe alternative to adult blood during emergencies or any etiology of blood loss. In the present series, the collection of cord blood varied from 54 ml-128 ml, mean 82 ml +/- 7.6 ml SD; mean packed cell volume 48 +/- 4.1% SD; mean percent hemoglobin concentration 16.4 g/dl +/- 1.6 g/dl SD. Not a single case of immunological or non immunological reaction has been encountered so far after transfusion of cord blood to cancer patients with percent of hemoglobin 8 g/dl or less. It appears that the medical fraternity can safely use this precious gift of nature-- which is free from infection, hypoantigenic with altered metabolic profile, filled with growth factors and cytokine-filled plasma, and has the potential of a higher oxygen carrying capacity than adult blood--as an emergency source of blood for the management of advanced cancer cases with anemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Placental umbilical cord whole blood transfusion to combat anemia in the background of advanced rheumatoid arthritis and emaciation and its potential role as immunoadjuvant therapy.

Rheumatoid arthritis is the commonest form of inflammatory arthritis and affects about 1-3% of the population in the West and even more in the developing world due to the compounded factors of late detection and inadequate treatment in the overall background of poverty, deprivation, and improper macro and micronutrients in the diet in a sizeable segment of the population. Nearly 90% of patients with aggressive disease will become clinically disabled within 20 years. Furthermore, in patients with severe disease or extra-articular symptoms, mortality is equal to that for patients with triple artery coronary artery disease or Stage IV Hodgkin's lymphoma. Anemia is a very common comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis. Anemia in rheumatoid arthritis is caused by various factors, for instance, cytokine impact of the advanced arthritic process on the host, or lack of proper nutrition and essential micronutrients in the diet, or coexistent helminthiasis, and/or impact of antiarthritic drugs on the host system, i.e., high steroid induced gastritis or ulcerations in gastric mucosa or subclinical or clinical hepatitis due to methotrexate or salazopyrin effects on bone marrow, only to name a few. Other pre-existing or compounding gastrointestinal problems, which alter the available iron stores or cause bone marrow dysfunction, may also help in adding to an anemic condition. If the anemia is 8 g/dl or less, blood transfusion or erythropoietin injection with adequate hematinic reserve is effective in normal situations, but is not that effective in anemia with a chronic disease background like rheumatoid arthritis. Cord blood, because of its rich mix of fetal and adult hemoglobin, high platelet and white blood cell (WBC) counts, and a plasma filled with cytokine and growth factors, as well as its hypo antigenic nature and altered metabolic profile, has all the potential of a real and safe alternative to adult blood transfusion. Seventy-eight units (42 ml -136 ml mean 80.6 ml +/- 3.6 ml SD, median 82.4 ml, mean packed cell volume 48.2 +/- 2.1 SD, mean percent hemoglobin concentration 16.4 g/dl +/- 1.5 g/dl SD) of placental umbilical cord whole blood was transfused (from 1 April 1999 to April 2005) after lower uterine cesarean section (LUCS) from consenting mothers to 28 informed consenting patients with advanced rheumatoid arthritis who had plasma hemoglobin of 8 g/dl or less. After collection, the blood was immediately transfused following the standard adult blood transfusion protocol. Each case was passed through the institutional ethical committee. The patients received two to six units of freshly collected placental umbilical cord blood without encountering any clinical, immunological or non-immunological reactions. Three days after completion of the transfusion of placental umbilical cord blood, the peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell (CD34) estimation revealed a rise from the pretransfusion base level (.09%), varying from 2.03 to 23%, which returned to base level in most of the cases at the three-month CD34 re-estimation, without provoking any clinical graft vs host reaction in any of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Placental umbilical cord whole blood transfusion to combat anemia in the background of tuberculosis and emaciation and its potential role as an immuno-adjuvant therapy for the under-resourced people of the world.

Tuberculosis causes approximately 1.5 billion latent infections, 8 million new clinical cases, and 3 million deaths annually, making it the most prevalent infectious disease in the world. Anemia and malnutrition are essential comorbidities with tuberculosis. Cord blood, because of its rich mix of fetal and adult hemoglobin, high platelet and WBC counts, and a plasma filled with cytokine and growth factors, as well as its hypo-antigenic nature and altered metabolic profile, has all the potential of a real and safe alternative to adult blood transfusion. We transfused 106 units (48 ml-148 ml mean 81 ml +/- 6.6 ml SD, median 82 ml, mean packed cell volume 49.4 +/- 3.1 SD, mean percent hemoglobin concentration 16.3 g/dl +/- 1.7 g/dl SD) of placental umbilical cord whole blood (from 1 April 1999 to 1st 2005) after lower uterine cesarean section from consenting mothers to 21 informed consenting patients with tuberculosis who had percent plasma hemoglobin of 8 g/dl or less. After collection, the blood was immediately transfused following the standard adult blood transfusion protocol. Each case was passed through the institutional ethical committee. The patients received 2-21 units of freshly collected placental umbilical cord blood without encountering any clinical, immunological or non-immunological reactions. Three days after completion of the placental umbilical cord blood transfusion, the peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell (CD34) estimation revealed a rise from the pretransfusion base level (.09%), varying from 2.99% to 33%, which returned to base level in 66.66% at the three-month CD34 re-estimation, without provoking any clinical graft vs host reaction in any of the patients.

Adolescent↗