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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Fixation of pelvic fractures and dislocations. An experimental study on the loading of pelvic fractures and sacro-iliac dislocations after external compression fixation.

A trapezoid external compression fixation frame, assembled with the Hoffman instruments, was used for stabilizing experimental injuries to the pelvic skeleton of ten cadaver specimens. The resistance to loading in a position corresponding to upright standing was tested in 17 experiments and related to the calculated load in vivo. The results indicated that ipsilateral injuries, either presenting as dislocations of the sacro-iliac joint and symphysis or as unilateral fractures of the sacrum or ilium in combination with fractures of the pubic rami could be stabilized by the external compression frame well enough to permit weight-bearing in the upright standing position. Bilateral injuries to the pelvic skeleton, vertical or oblique, could not, however, be stabilized enough to resist more than a fraction of the normal load in the upright standing position.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Radiographic diagnosis of dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the carpus].

A variety of unique and very rare carpal dislocations are reported. According to personal findings, an extension of the descriptive classification of this pathology is proposed, utilizing also the X-ray files of the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute. Moreover, the radiographical features are evaluated which help choosing the treatment to be followed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip--follow-up study of cases of bilateral dislocation of the hip].

The treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip in 16 patients (32 hips) older than 9 years of age at the time of this follow-up study was evaluated. Most of the patients were treated at the age between 1 and 3 years. Right and left hips treated by different methods, either conservative treatment, Colonna capsular arthroplasty or open reduction, were examined radiologically and compared. Consistent results were not obtained in the patients who underwent conservative treatment or Colonna capsular arthroplasty. Among the patients of open reduction, better results were obtained in those of "open reduction with total capsulotomy" than those treated by other methods. The patients who underwent such an operation at an earlier age showed the best results. The results of open reduction were not inferior to those of conservative treatment if concentric improvement was observed immediately after the operation. Therefore, a treatment appropriate for each patient should be selected and conservative treatment alone should not be insisted upon.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1983

[Therapy of old carpal dislocations and dislocation-fractures and its results].

Carpal fractures and dislocations are rare. Pitfalls in the diagnosis of these injuries are quite common failures. A follow up study in 10 patients with carpal injuries was done. Good results were found in five patients. These had been treated within 2-3 weeks. Another 5 patients had not been operated earlier than 2-17 months after the injury. In these cases the results were poor, because either the lunate must be removed or replaced by a prosthesis or was destroyed by avascular necrosis. The possibilities of early diagnosis and the methods of therapy are discussed.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1994

Aetiology and management of the anterior dislocated disc. The anterior dislocated disc: some considerations of aetiology and clinical diagnosis.

The displacing temporomandibular joint disc presents an enigma. Modern imaging techniques of arthrography, CT, and MRI, as well as arthroscopy show that a displaced or even totally dislocated disc is not necessarily associated with disease, and such a joint can function quite without symptoms. Conversely these techniques, and notably arthroscopy, show that in some cases trauma initiates a cascade of events affecting not only the disc but also synovium, capsule, ligaments, and cartilage. Changes in synovial fluid, alterations in collagen, and associated release of pain-producing substances, cause alteration in joint dynamics. Reversible at early stages, these processes can produce adhesions which alter joint movement, including disc displacement. There is no single cause of disc displacement, but rather the effect of trauma on the interplay between structural, behavioural, and orthopaedic factors. Clinical diagnosis, excluding imaging, is briefly discussed emphasizing the concept of the barrier, and the use of diagnostic manipulation.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Intra-articular vertical dislocation of the patella: a case report of an irreducible patellar dislocation and unique surgical technique.

Intra-articular vertical dislocations of the patella are rare injuries that occur when a laterally or medially directed force is applied to the opposite patellar edge, causing it to rotate about its longitudinal axis. Diagnosis of this injury is not difficult with physical examination alone, but roentgenograms are necessary to rule out associated fracture and to define the direction of the articular surface. A Schanz screw is useful as a reduction tool to restore the patella to its normal relationship in the femoral groove if closed reduction proves impossible.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Treatment of unstable fractures, dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine with Senegas plate fixation.

The results of the anterior approach to the cervical spine for the treatment of fractures and dislocations by arthrodesis and Senegas plate fixation are described. Twenty-two patients underwent a one- or two-level arthrodesis of the cervical spine. Their mean age was 42 years. The injuries were subdivided using the radiological classification described by Harris. In the group of patients who presented with a complete neurological deficit below the level of injury, there was only one patient who deteriorated. X ray examination 1 year after surgery showed fusion in 17 patients (100%). In contrast to some recent cadaveric and animal studies in which the anterior approach and fixation were found to be less stable than posterior fusion, our results obtained with this method are excellent, despite the fact that post-operative immobilization was limited. Problems with the anterior approach did not arise in these 22 patients. Alignment was always acceptable and fusion was achieved within one year in all cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Course of recurrent dislocation of the patella, patellar syndrome without dislocation and femoropatellar osteoarthritis].

The frequency of recurrent dislocation of the patella is increased by the young age of onset, the presence of patella alta and permanent subluxation of the patella. The natural history of the patellar syndrome appears to be fairly favourable in everyday activities, but discomfort is often marked in the intermediate term in sports activities. Isolated femoropatellar osteoarthritis rarely causes major functional impairment of gait. Medial or lateral femorotibial osteoarthritis occurs secondarily. Painful cases often present with subchondral anomalies of the lateral patellar facet, lateral tibial osteophytosis and patella alta.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The LS-8 lever fixator: repositioning and fixation aids for dislocations and dislocation fractures of the lumbar spine and the thoracolumbar transition. Part I. Biomechanical considerations and surgical technique].

We are reporting a lever-type internal fixateur, the LS-8 system, which can be used for reduction and stable fixation of fractures and fracture-dislocations of the thoraco-lumbar and lumbar spine. The LS-8 system is different from all previous systems: it combines the advantages of the spinal fixateur interne and conventional plate fixation, while largely avoiding their disadvantages, such as the fixed position of the screw hole and the mechanical overloading of the fixing points, as in the previous hook-type systems. In order to minimize these drawbacks, we have added a plate of variable length to our system, creating a fulcrum that prevents overloading. This means that the reinforced 8 mm diameter screws function as lever arms around this fulcrum, conducting and counterbalancing the active forces. As a result, the loading capacity of our system has been greatly improved. Since the LS-8 "lever fixateur" is a reinforced system, it is no longer necessary to use any plaster or brace fixation. We should like to illustrate the advantages and the capability of the LS-8 system by presenting one of our cases.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗