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PubMed1988

In situ localization of HuHF serine protease mRNA and cytotoxic cell-associated antigens in human dermatoses. A novel method for the detection of cytotoxic cells in human tissues.

Human Hanukah Factor (HuHF) is a trypsinlike serine protease associated with cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. Employing a radiolabeled RNA probe for the HuHF gene, cells containing HuHF mRNA in situ were detected in skin lesions from patients with a variety of reactive and neoplastic dermatoses including positive allergic contact dermatitis patch tests, lichen planus, erythrodermic psoriasis, Sezary syndrome, and poikilodermatous mycosis fungoides. The results were correlated with in situ studies of CTL/NK subsets as defined immunohistologically by a panel of monoclonal antibodies applied to sermiserial sections of the same tissue blocks used for the HuHF hybridizations. The results suggest that cytotoxic cells are present in each of these dermatoses, that they may be situated within either the epidermis or the dermis, and that they belong predominantly to the CTL subset because Leu-7+ or CD16+ cells (NK cells) were typically rare or absent. A variable proportion of cells expressed Leu-19 antigen (a marker for non-MHC-restricted cytotoxic cells); however, its rarity in several cases suggests that most of the HuHF+ cells identified in them belonged to the MHC-restricted, Leu-19- CTL subset. It is concluded that the correlation of molecular biologic and immunohistologic data will be a useful method for the further characterization of cytotoxic cell subsets in human dermatoses.

Antigens↗
PubMed1989

[Pityrosporum ovale in seborrheic dermatitis in children and in other dermatoses in children].

60 children aged from one month to two years were studied: 15 presenting with childhood seborrheic dermatitis, 15 with childhood atopic dermatitis, 15 with various childhood dermatoses and 15 healthy asymptomatic children. Samples of cutaneous scales from the scalp, face, sternal area and inguinal area were taken for the purpose of determining the presence of ovale by direct microscopy examination and culture. P. ovale was found in 73% of the infants presenting with seborrheic dermatitis, in 33% of those with atopic dermatitis, in 33% of those with other dermatoses and in 53% of the healthy infants. The proportion of infants in whom all four samples were found to be positive to P. ovale was as follows: 42% for seborrheic dermatitis, 20% for atopic dermatitis, 20% for other childhood dermatoses and 23% in the healthy infants. The majority of infants with both positive microscopy and culture for P. ovale were aged one to eight months. The group presenting with seborrheic dermatitis was treated with 2% ketoconazole cream or two weeks. Clinical cure was achieved in 11; mycological examination was negative in 13. P. ovale was significantly more frequent in infants with seborrheic dermatitis than in infants belonging to the other three groups. The role of P. ovale in the pathophysiology of seborrheic dermatitis is discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational dermatoses in workers exposed to epoxy-impregnated fiberglass fabric.

In December, 1985, and February, 1986, skin diseases were investigated among workers in a plant producing printed circuit boards made of copper sheets and fiberglass fabric impregnated with a brominated epoxy resin. A questionnaire was sent to all 159 employees, 143 responded (89.9%). Previous or current dermatoses were reported by 84 workers and 79 of these were examined and patch tested. The patch testing was conducted with a standard test series and with products from the work environment. These tests revealed contact allergy to diglycidylether of bisphenol A ("epoxy") in 6 persons. Besides these 6 individuals with occupational allergic contact dermatitis, occupational dermatoses were diagnosed in an additional 29 workers; irritant contact dermatitis in 28 and chemical burn in one. Altogether, 35 (22.0%) demonstrated evidence of occupational dermatoses.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMed1983

Unusual patterns of common dermatoses in blacks.

The unique manner in which black skin reacts to cutaneous disturbances and the unique patterns that these dermatoses exhibit can sometimes cause difficulties in correctly diagnosing skin eruptions. While more attention has been focused on those dermatoses that are peculiar to blacks, and while most physicians are aware of and able to recognize them, there are other, common dermatoses that are seen but that have peculiar, less well-known, appearances. This paper highlights the differences that we often see when faced with the black patient who has a common dermatosis.

Black People↗
PubMed1981

[Sub-populations of T helper suppressor lymphocytes in diverse dermatoses using monoclonal antibodies. Preliminary results (author's transl)].

The total T lymphocyte and T cell subsets were counted in various dermatoses by indirect immunofluorescence using the monoclonal antibodies OKT3, OKT4, OKT8 which distinguish all peripheral T cells, helper T cells and suppressor T cells respectively. In particular, 7 cases of the Sézary syndrome and 7 cases of mycosis fungoides were studied. In addition, 42 other patients with diverse dermatoses such as psoriasis, atopic eczema, bullous disorders, sarcoidosis, lupus erythematosus and leprosy were studied and compared to 20 healthy controls. There was no significant increase in the total T cell percentage in the ratio of helper to suppressor lymphocytes in the Sézary syndrome with a normal balance in mycosis fungoides. Among the other dermatoses only atopic eczema showed a significant increase in the helper/suppressor ratio suggesting an imbalance of T cell subpopulations in this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Neutrophilic dermatoses during granulocytopenia.

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Noninfectious cutaneous neutrophilic lesions can occur during granulocytopenia, but their mechanism remains unknown. We undertook a retrospective study of the neutrophilic dermatoses that developed during granulocytopenia induced by chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia. RESULTS: Seven men and one woman were included (2.6% of treated cases of acute myelogenous leukemia); half had acute myelogenous leukemia subtypes 4 and 5. The male-to-female ratio was 7:1. Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis was diagnosed in five cases, Sweet's syndrome in two cases, and difficult-to-classify neutrophilic dermatoses in one case. Cutaneous lesions appeared 12.5 days after the start of chemotherapy, and the mean leukocyte count was 0.426 x 10(9)/L. Three patients needed corticosteroids systemically. CONCLUSION: Neutrophilic dermatoses during chemotherapy-induced granulocytopenia seem to occur more frequently in men with acute myelogenous leukemia subtypes 4 and 5.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Dermatoses of the nipple and the areola].

Dermatoses of the nipple and areola are rare. The commonest dermatosis is Paget's disease, which presents in the form of a well demarcated erythematous area, sometimes erosive, oozing or hyperkeratotic. Histological examination reveals an intraepidermal proliferation of large clear cells, either isolated or grouped in clumps, predominantly in the suprabasal layers. Immunohistochemistry shows that these cells express low molecular weight cytokeratins and the epithelial membrane antigen, fairly frequently carcinoembryonic antigen. In 96% of cases, Paget's disease is associated with underlying breast carcinoma, either in situ or invasive. Erosive adenomatosis presents in the form of an erosion of the nipple, which is sometimes increased in size. Histologically, it consists of a benign tumour which may ulcerate the epidermis, composed of tubes and papillae lined by a double layer of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. The syringomatous tumour is exceptional. In places, it forms rudimentary sweat ducts and is considered to have an intermediate malignancy; its resection must be complete. Other tumours may also be observed in this site: leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, benign cutaneous lymphocytoma, basal cell carcinoma, naevoid areolar hyperkeratosis. They are exceptional except areolar neurofibromas in case of neurofibromatosis. Infectious dermatoses (viral warts, molluscum contagiosum, scabies) are accompanied by lesions in other sites. They same applied to the majority of inflammatory dermatoses such as eczema or Fox-Fordyce disease. Supernumerary nipples are situated on a line extending from the anterior part of the axillary crease to the medial part of the inguinal crease.

Adenomatoid Tumor↗
PubMed1976

[The use of difluocortolone valerate in various dermatoses].

Diflucortolone valerate was clinically investigated as a fatty ointment in 30 dermatological patients. Although this form of application is a special presentation for the treatment of very dry dermatoses, patients with not so dry and weeping dermatoses were also treated in this trial, the object being to include the role played by the vehicle in the results of therapy. Very good to good results were achieved in 80% of the cases treated, while the result was observed to be poor in only 10% of the cases. This latter percentage is comprised for the greater part of patients who had previously been treated with other corticoids and of patients with weeping dermatoses.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1993

Mometasone versus betamethasone creams: a trial in dermatoses.

AIM: To compare the efficacy and safety of mometasone furoate cream 0.1% applied daily versus betamethasone valerate cream 0.1% applied twice daily in a variety of dermatoses. METHODS: A 4 week study was undertaken of patients with at least moderately severe dermatoses as judged by scoring of a target lesion. Weekly global improvement was assessed, as well as change in target lesion scores. Local side effects were noted including observation of atrophy. RESULTS: Fifty eight patients in three centres completed the study, 30 in the betamethasone group and 28 in the mometasone. There was no difference in demographic variables or disease severity in each group or any difference between the three investigator gradings of initial severity. There was a rapid onset of improvement in both groups by day seven (scores being reduced by 72% in the betamethasone group and 65% in the mometasone group). By the fourth week visit there was 90% reduction in the betamethasone group score and 93% in the mometasone. There was no significant difference between the groups. CONCLUSION: Mometasone furoate cream 0.1% applied daily in dermatoses is as effective as betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream. Both creams had rapid onset of action and had no signs of atrophy. Better patient compliance could be expected with the convenience of mometasone cream being applied daily.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1996

Sexually induced dermatoses.

Sexually induced dermatoses (SID) are conditions resulting from sexual activity. Sometimes this can be modified by bacterial infection or systemic disease. Many materials such as medications, cosmetics, perfumes, pads, hygiene, sprays, condoms, etc, may cause sexually induced dermatoses in sexual partners. Sexually induced dermatoses are noninfectious, self-limited conditions.

Allergens↗
PubMed1996

Occupational dermatoses in nursery workers.

BACKGROUND: Several workers at a nursery complained of skin problems. An occupational allergic contact dermatitis from tulip was diagnosed in 2 of the workers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to survey the frequency of occupational dermatoses among nursery workers and to investigate whether the tulip sensitizer alpha-methylene-chi-butyrolactone traces all contact allergy to tulip. METHODS: A questionnaire was delivered to 41 employees, and everyone with a present or previous skin disease was offered a consultation including patch testing with the known tulip sensitizer as well as two types of tulip extracts and parts of the plant. RESULTS: Occupational dermatoses were diagnosed in 11 workers, allergic contact dermatitis in 9 workers (tulip and/or daffodil), and irritant contact dermatitis in 2 workers. CONCLUSION: Occupational dermatoses are common among nursery workers. All workers with contact allergy to tulip was traced by alpha-methylene-chi-butyrolactone.

Allergens↗
PubMed1997

Pediatric dermatoses: three common skin disruptions in infancy.

Skin disruptions account for 20% to 30% of pediatric primary care visits [1]. These disruptions may result from skin infections, inflammatory responses, insect bites, and infestations. This article focuses on the identification and management of skin disruptions related to inflammatory dermatoses. The most common dermatoses in infancy are seborrheic dermatitis, (also known as cradle cap); diaper or primary contact dermatitis; and atopic dermatitis, more commonly referred to as eczema, an entity that has yet to be clearly defined. Recognition and appropriate treatment of these common pediatric dermatoses must not just focus on the skin disruptions; it is important that the infant be assessed within the context of the family. The primary care provider must be aware that these conditions have the potential to affect the developing relationship between the infant, parent(s), and family. The practitioner within the provider-family relationship, through education and support, can empower the parent(s) to provide the necessary care for their infant.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗
PubMed1998

Topical psoralen-ultraviolet A therapy for palmoplantar dermatoses: experience with 35 consecutive patients.

OBJECTIVE: To report the effectiveness of topical psoralen-ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy for palmoplantar dermatoses and to describe our method of administration of this treatment modality. DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective study of 35 patients, 27 to 66 years of age, who received topical hand and foot PUVA therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten patients had psoriasis vulgaris, 8 had pustular psoriasis, 5 had dyshidrotic eczema, and 12 had other types of dermatitis. The affected area was soaked in a psoralen solution, 0.0005% methoxsalen (10 mg of methoxsalen in 2 L of warm water), for 30 minutes and then exposed to incremental amounts of ultraviolet A light three times weekly until the dermatosis subsided or cleared. Treatment frequency was then reduced and ultimately discontinued. Time to maximal improvement of the hands and feet was defined as the period from the beginning of PUVA treatment to the point at which the frequency of treatment was reduced from three times weekly to twice weekly. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (40%) had clearing of their disease, and 14 others (40%) had improvement of their conditions. The mean time to clearing was 2.8 months (range, 2 weeks to 7 months), and the mean number of treatments was 27.3 (range, 10 to 55). The mean total dose of ultraviolet A received was 140 J/cm2 (range, 9 to 530). Two patients (6%) had no response to treatment. Mild localized ultraviolet-related erythema developed in 16 patients (46%). Five patients "dropped out" of treatment, and nine other patients discontinued treatment during maintenance therapy. The principal reason cited was inconvenience. CONCLUSION: Topical PUVA therapy is an effective and safe treatment option for recalcitrant dermatoses affecting the palms and soles.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The use of topical PUVA for palmoplantar dermatoses.

Palmoplantar dermatoses have a tendency to be chronic and are frequently recalcitrant to treatment. We summarize our experience with paint PUVA in the treatment of 125 patients with palmoplantar dermatoses between the years 1996 and 2000. The dominant clinical picture of the lesions was hyperkeratosis in 84, pustulosis in 11 and exudative dermatitis in the remaining 30 patients. The treatment was applied thrice weekly on alternate days. The affected skin was painted with methoxsalen 0.1% solution, and exposed 30 minutes later to UVA radiation, starting at 0.25 J/cm(2), with increments of 0.25-0.50 J/cm(2) every third treatment. Complete response was considered if all signs disappeared, and partial response if improvement occurred in more than 75% of each of the clinical findings of scaling erythema, fissuring, pustule formation and infiltration. Sixty-nine percent of the patients had a good response (i.e. a complete or partial response), which was achieved in 78.5% of the exudative dermatitis lesions, but in only 46.7% of the pustular lesions. The average time to achieve good response was 13 weeks (range 1-42), with an average total dose of 50 J/cm(2) (range 0.50-366). Maintenance therapy every 1-4 weeks was recommended for all responding patients, but only 58 consented and were treated for an average period of 10 additional weeks. Side effects were minor and transient, mainly mild first-degree superficial skin burns in 10 patients, and patchy hyperpigmentation in three patients, which resolved after a few weeks.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of anaphylatoxins C3a, C4a and C5a in the scales of psoriasis and inflammatory pustular dermatoses.

Complement components C3a, C4a and C5a were assayed in corneal scale extracts from psoriasis and other dermatoses characterized by sterile subcorneal pustules, using radioimmunoassay. Larger amounts were detected in psoriasis and related pustular dermatoses than in extracts of non-inflammatory stratum corneum. It is concluded that complement is activated via the classical pathway and releases the neutrophil chemotactic fragment C5a.

Anaphylatoxins↗
PubMed1994

The efficacy of localized PUVA therapy for chronic hand and foot dermatoses.

The response to treatment of all patients enrolled over an 18-month period for localized oral or topical psoralen photochemotherapy (PUVA) of chronic hand and foot dermatoses was retrospectively reviewed. There were broadly similar success rates for the two groups for complete clearance: 61.5% (eight of 13 patients who completed therapy)--oral PUVA, 47.8% (11 of 23 patients who completed therapy)--topical PUVA, and for significant improvement: 23.1% (three of 13 patients)--oral PUVA, 30.4% (seven of 23 patients)--topical PUVA; there were no significant differences in response when diagnostic subgroupings of the hand dermatoses were taken into account. The mean number of treatments (22 for oral PUVA and 24 for topical), treatment durations (122 and 129 days), maximum UVA doses (11.2 and 12.3 J/cm2) and to a lesser extent cumulative UVA doses (189.3 and 237.0 J/cm2) for the therapies were similar in the two groups; adverse effects were minimal for both treatment protocols. However, at least five of the eight patients in the oral PUVA group and five of the 11 in the topical group who cleared completely relapsed after a mean 86 (range 19-245) and 174 (range 23-596) days, respectively. These findings are in broad agreement with those of previous studies. Therefore to avoid generalized photosensitivity and a higher likelihood of adverse effects with systemic therapy, as well as a possible slower relapse rate, topical therapy seems preferable.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of time-dependent response to psoralen plus UVA (PUVA) treatment with topical 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) gel in palmoplantar dermatoses.

BACKGROUND: Topical psoralen plus UVA (PUVA) is an effective treatment for localized forms of eczema, psoriasis, and palmoplantar pustulosis, which avoids some of the undesirable side-effects of systemic psoralens. Aims In this study, the efficacy of topical PUVA treatment with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) gel was compared with placebo plus UVA in chronic recurrent palmoplantar dermatoses. METHODS: Twenty-two patients with palmoplantar disease (11 with psoriasis vulgaris, six with eczema, and five with pustulosis) were enrolled in the study. The study design was a left-right comparison: one hand or foot was treated with 8-MOP 0.01% gel plus UVA, whilst the contralateral hand or foot received placebo and UVA for 6 weeks. Twenty minutes after application of the gel, both sides were exposed to UVA. The treatment regimen was three times a week, and the UVA dose was increased weekly by 20%. RESULTS: A comparison of the pre- and post-treatment scores with regard to the severity of the clinical picture and the infiltration of plaques showed a significant decrease (from 7.5 +/- 2.0 to 2.5 +/- 2.1 and from 2.0 +/- 0.7 to 0.3 +/- 0.5, respectively) in the sites treated with 8-MOP gel compared with placebo after 6 weeks. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that at least 18 courses of local PUVA within 6 weeks, with a cumulative dose of 87 J/cm(2), are required to induce a significant decrease in the disease severity and an improvement in the infiltration of plaques due to 8-MOP gel at a concentration of 0.01% when treating chronic recurrent palmoplantar dermatoses.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

PUVA-bath photochemotherapy (PUVA-soak therapy) of recalcitrant dermatoses of the palms and soles.

PUVA-bath therapy has proven to avoid many side effects associated with oral 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) treatment. In order to investigate the effectiveness of topical PUVA-bath therapy (PUVA-soak therapy) on chronic palmoplantar dermatoses, 30 patients with plaque-type psoriasis, pustular psoriasis, endogenous eczema, dyshidrotic eczema and hyperkeratotic dermatitis of the palms and soles were treated over 8 weeks with PUVA-soak using 8-MOP. No additional treatment except skin moisturising cream such as unguentum emulsificans aquosum was used during the study period. The single UVA-doses applied ranged from 0.3 to 3.0 J/cm2 (mean single dose of 1.8 J/cm2), with a mean cumulative dose of 48.6 J/cm2 per patient. Altogether 26 of 30 patients responded well within 8 weeks of treatment with 63% of all patients showing a complete remission and 23% showing considerable improvement, as shown by flattening of plaques, decreased scaling and erythema, as well as decreased vesicle and pustule formation. The condition responding best to our therapy was palmoplantar psoriasis followed by atopic eczema. Hyperkeratotic dermatitis displayed the poorest responding rates in this study. Unwanted side effects such as erythema, pain, blistering or patchy hyperpigmentation were not observed in any of the patients. We conclude that PUVA-soak therapy can be highly efficient in the treatment of palmoplantar dermatoses, especially in the management of palmoplantar psoriasis.

Administration, Cutaneous↗