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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Local area networks for radiology.

This article is a tutorial on local area networks (LAN) for radiology applications. LANs are being implemented in radiology departments for the management of text and images, replacing the inflexible point-to-point wiring between two devices (computer-to-terminal). These networks enable the sharing of computers and computer devices, reduce equipment costs, and provide improved reliability. Any LAN must include items from the following four categories: transmission medium, topology, data transmission mode, and access protocol. Media for local area networks are twisted pair, coaxial, and optical fiber cables. The topology of these networks include the star, ring, bus, tree, and circuit-switching. Data transmission modes are either analog signals or digital signals. Access protocol methods include the broadcast bus system and the ring system. A performance measurement for a LAN is the throughput rate as a function of the number of active computer nodes. Standards for LANs help to ensure that products purchased from multiple manufacturers will operate successfully.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Hygienic evaluation of the work of technical school students on the video display terminals].

Psychologic and hygienic examination of students working on display calculating complexes (DCC) DCC-2 and DCC-3 during the extra study time revealed the features of their functional status caused by the DCC design and work schedule. Positive role of eye exercises during the work was stressed. 6-hours duration of students' work was considered as unfavourable. The duration of work must be reduced to 3 hours, prophylactic measures (eye and physical exercises) are to be added.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The function of the free-radical oxidation system in computer workers using video display terminals].

Programmers working with video-display terminals showed essential disorders of the functional state of the free-radical oxidation system indicating an essential overstrain of this system, presence of its latent insufficiency characteristic of activation of the lipid peroxidation. Chronic overstrain of the free-radical oxidation system may lead to decompensation and formation of a free-radical pathologic process. Prophylactic measures for this category of workers are recommended.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1976

[Data processing system for laboratory and hemodynamic heart catheterization measurements].

In cooperation with the Department of Electronic Data Processing Systems we have developed a data processing unit for the analysis of hemodynamic data at the Department of Internal Medicine I. The aim was to design a computer-system for the daily routine in heart-catheterizations as well as for the solution of scientific problems during hemodynamic studies. In the on-line-mode besides the ECG up to four pressures can be analysed simultaneously. Analog and digital tapes can also be processed off-line on demand. The concept of the whole system and the individual steps of computer-handling are adjusted to the problems of data-analysis in praxis from the viewpoint of the examining cardiologist. Since the system is interactive after each measurement and each given command the computer-results are displayed on the video-scope. Because of the modular structure of the program new medical criteria can easily be implemented at any time. Since the computer-system is not effectively used with only one cath-lab other units possibly of different hard-ware configuration can be connected simultaneously to the computer. Each cath-lab shares 16 K out of the total 32 K core-memory. The results are displayed graphically and alpha-numerically on video-scope, x-y-plotter and line printer. The sampling-rate for fluid-filled catheters is 200 Hz and for catheter-tip-manometers 400 Hz. Smothing and differentiation-procedures are adapted to the respective catheter-material. The computer-program calibrates the different pressure amplifiers automatically. After defining the catheter-position the pressure-signals are sampled for 10 s and immediately afterwards analyzed by the computer. The ECG and the corresponding pressure-curves are displayed on the video-scope. The automatically selected representative beat as well as each of the identified and numerated other beats of the sampling-phase can be displayed selectively together with its numerical results. The computer marks the positions within the pressure-curves, where the individual measurements were taken. Besides the systolic and diastolic pressures in valvular stenosis the maximal and mean systolic or diastolic gradients, ejection- or filling-period, valve-flow and valve-area are calculated autonomously. The calculation of cardiac-output, different volume-indices and stroke-work-index are based on Fick-method, thermo- or indicator-dilution technique. The contractility-parameters max dp/dt, t-max dp/dt, max dp/dt/DP, max dp/dt/P, VPM, V40, min dp/dt and the stiffness are computed for the left and on demand also for the right ventricle. Data of the patient and the operating-team, catheter-technique, complications and free comments are transmitted to the computer via terminal together with the actual time. The computer-system was drafted for permanent use. Therefore possible technical defects have been anticipated in the design of hard- and soft-ware. In cases of failure suitable steps allow the immediate restart of the system without loosing information...

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1990

Linking and integrating computers for maternity care.

Functionally separate computer systems have been developed for many different areas relevant to maternity care, e.g. maternity data collection, pathology and imaging reports, staff rostering, personnel, accounting, audit, primary care etc. Using land lines, modems and network gateways, many such quite distinct computer programs or databases can be made accessible from a single terminal. If computer systems are to attain their full potential for the improvement of the maternity care, there will be a need not only for terminal emulation but also for more complex integration. Major obstacles must be overcome before such integration is widely achieved. Technical and conceptual progress towards overcoming these problems is discussed, with particular reference to the OSI (open systems interconnection) initiative, to the Read clinical classification and to the MUMMIES CBS (Common Basic Specification) Maternity Care Project. The issue of confidentiality is also briefly explored.

Confidentiality↗
PubMed1971

A neuron model with spatially distributed synaptic input.

I have assembled a neuron model simulating contiguous patches of nerve cell membrane. With this model I have examined the functional significance of different spatial and temporal distributions of synaptic inputs. The model consists of two terminal electronic analogue circuits with inputs controlled by a LINC computer. One terminal represents the inside of a membrane patch, the other represents the outside. Two circuit designs are used: one simulates spike-generating regions of the neuron, the other simulates subthreshold activity in inexcitable regions. To simulate a neuron, patches are assembled in various spatial arrangements by suitable connection to the "intracellular" nodes. Thus the relation of neuron geometry to aspects of spatiotemporal summation of synaptic inputs can be investigated readily. Performance of the model is assessed by comparison with results from microelectrode studies in the cochlear nucleus of the cat. In particular, the peristimulus time (PST) histogram and averaged membrane potential are used for quantitative comparison. The model suggests that the geometry of the neuron's receptive surface can account for a wide variety of physiologically observed behavior, particularly in response to dynamic stimuli.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

Computerised assessment of cardiac pacemaker performance.

The design and use of a PDP 11/40 based automated on-line cardiac pacemaker assessment system is described. One program has been developed for testing pacemakers on the bench and another for implanted pacemaker tests. Either fixed rate or demand pacemakers can be tested. The on-line system is easy and fast to use and is also highly accurate. Parameters extracted are pulse width, rate and pulse energy. In addition, a graphical representation of the patient's ECG and the pacemaker pulse is obtained on a computer graphics terminal.

Computers↗