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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Evaluation of the decision support computer program for cancer pain management.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate a decision support computer program (DSCP) for cancer pain management. DESIGN: An Internet intervention study to evaluate the usage profile, accuracy, and acceptance of the DSCP. SETTING: Internet and community settings. SAMPLE: 122 nurses working with patients with cancer were recruited through the Internet through a convenience sampling method. METHODS: The instruments included tools for registration and for evaluation of the DSCP. To evaluate the DSCP, the usage profile was measured by counting the total number of cases in which the participants used the DSCP; accuracy was measured by determining whether the decision support from the DSCP was appropriate and accurate; and acceptance was measured using the Questionnaire for User Interaction Satisfaction. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Usage profile, accuracy, and acceptance of the DSCP. FINDINGS: Participants used the DSCP an average of 1.49 times per person (SD = 1.16). Eighty-eight percent of the participants evaluated the DSCP as appropriate and accurate. The mean scores of overall satisfaction in four major areas of the computer program ranged from 7.46-9.69. CONCLUSIONS: The DSCP could provide accurate and acceptable computerized evidence-based practice guidelines for cancer pain management. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: The findings suggest that researchers should develop decision support systems in multiple aspects and dimensions of cancer pain experience and that hand-held devices would increase the usability of the DSCP.

Decision Support Systems, Clinical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The evaluation of synthetic strategies for oligonucleotides of defined sequence. Computer programs in nucleic acid synthesis: I.

A computer program has been developed to aid in the evaluation of strategies for the synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides of defined sequence. The program reduces the time required for the development of the most cost-effective strategy from several hours to a few minutes. The chemist supplies the program with the order of internucleotide bond formation, the final amount of material desired and the data giving anticipated reaction yields and molar ratios of reactants. The Mr and amount required for each intermediate in the proposed synthetic approach is then calculated. All of this data can be stored, edited or printed. By changing various input parameters (e.g., order of internucleotide bond formation, expected reaction yield), the chemist can utilize this program to analyze multiple synthetic approaches rapidly. The synthetic approach that will minimize the amounts of the expensive starting materials needed to complete the synthesis of the desired DNA can thus be quickly identified.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1981

A computer program for distinctive feature analysis.

A computer program is described that will accomplish a distinctive feature analysis for speech misarticulations. The program, which is written in FORTRAN, is interactive in nature and is straightforward in design. It greatly facilitates the use of distinctive feature analysis in articulation training, as it reduces the time necessary to complete such an analysis from several hours to approximately 15 min.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed2005

A clinical evaluation of the image quality computer program, CoCIQ.

To provide an objective way of measuring image quality, a computer program was designed that automatically analyzes the test images of a contrast-detail (CD) phantom. The program gives a quantified measurement of image quality by calculating an Image Quality Figure (IQF). The aim of this work was to evaluate the program and adjust it to clinical situations in order to find the detectable level where the program gives a reliable figure of the contrast resolution. The program was applied on a large variety of images with lumbar spine and urographic parameters, from very low to very high image qualities. It was shown that the computer program produces IQFs with small variations and there were a strong linear statistical relation between the computerized evaluation and the evaluation performed by human observers (R2= 0.98). This method offers a fast and easy way of conducting image quality evaluations.

Data Display↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SEQUAL: an interactive computer program for sequential classification of biomedical data.

A computer program for sequential bayesian classification of patterns defined by integer and real-valued data is described. Classified patterns from a training sample are used to estimate the non-parametric (kernel) probability density functions and the a-priori class probabilities necessary to implement the bayesian classification. For each pattern and at each step in the sequential program, the 'best' feature to be measured at the next step is computed on the basis of the estimated misallocation error rate. The user can actually use the proposed feature or any other one; once the chosen feature has been measured, its value is used to allocate the pattern into the class with the highest conditional a-posteriori probability, according to the Bayes formula. The main feature of the program consists in the computation of the 'probability of reversal' at each step of the sequential procedure. The probability of reversal represents the probability that at the next step the pattern will be classified into a class different from the present one. The probability of reversal can be used as a stopping criterion, which is more efficient than other commonly used stopping rules, such as the a-posteriori Bayes probability or the estimated misallocation error rate. The program, available in FORTRAN 77 for a VAX/VMS machine, has been tested both on simulated and real data collected from patients suffering from various forms of hepatic disease.

Bayes Theorem↗
PubMed2004

2LD, GENECOUNTING and HAP: Computer programs for linkage disequilibrium analysis.

UNLABELLED: Computer programs are introduced which calculate pair-wise linkage disequilibrium statistics and conduct haplotype frequency estimation, including X chromosome data, and using a heuristic algorithm to handle multiple genetic markers and missing data. AVAILABILITY: Programs 2LD, GENECOUNTING and HAP are available on Internet from http://www.hgmp.mrc.ac.uk/~jzhao and http://www.iop.kcl.ac.uk/IoP/Departments/PsychMed/GEpiBSt/software.shtml

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1981

Computer programs to assist in high resolution thermal denaturation and circular dichroism studies on nucleic acids.

Computer programs are described that direct the collection, processing, and graphical display of numerical data obtained from high resolution thermal denaturation (1-3) and circular dichroism (4) studies. Besides these specific applications, the programs may also be useful, either directly or as programming models, in other types of spectrophotometric studies employing computers, programming languages, or instruments similar to those described here (see Materials and Methods).

Circular Dichroism↗
PubMed1987

Two computer programs for rapid entry of DNA sequence data.

Two computer programs for the IBM personal computer are described for rapid and accurate entry of DNA sequence data. The DNA sequence files produced can be used directly by the DNA sequence manipulation programs by R. Staden (the DataBase system), the University of Wisconsin Genetics Computer Group, DNASTAR, or D.Mount. The first program, DIGISEQ, utilizes a sonic digitizer for semi-automation of sequence entry. To enter the DNA sequence each band of a gel reading is touched by the stylus of the sonic digitizer. DIGISEQ corrects for both changes in lane width and lane curvature. The algorithm is extremely efficient and rarely requires re-entering the centers of the lanes. The second program, TYPESEQ, uses only the keyboard for input. The keyboard is reconfigured to place nucleotides and ambiguity codes under the fingers of one hand, corresponding to the order of the nucleotides on the gel defined by the user. Both programs produce individual tones for each nucleotide, and certain ambiguity codes. This verifies input of the correct nucleotide or ambiguity code, and thus eliminates the need to visually check the screen display during sequence entry.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1982

Computer program for storage and retrieval of the nucleic acid structures: storing and updating of transfer RNA sequences - drawing of the secondary structure for transfer RNA by computer.

The availability of a large number of tRNA sequences has created a need for computer programs to store the data. A program written in FORTRAN language allows one to store tRNA sequences and to retrieve information. The data are stored in such a way that it allows a direct comparison of various tRNA sequences. Moreover, the program draws the 'cloverleaf' structure of any stored tRNA sequence and also provides the characteristics of minor, modified nucleosides and major references. Additions and corrections to the program and stored data can be made easily and an individual does not need computer programming skills to use the program.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Monitoring of antimicrobial therapy by an integrated computer program.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of the setting-up of a computer program designed by the Hospital Pharmacy Department as a tool that provides information for the antimicrobial therapy monitoring. To assess its influence on pharmaceutical costs. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The computer application for the follow-up of antimicrobial treatments integrates information from the Pharmacy Department and the Microbiology Laboratory and selects all patients to whom some controlled antibiotic has been prescribed. The pharmacist reviews all the controlled antibiotic treatments, suggests any change to the physician if needed and quantifies the economic impact of the accepted interventions. RESULTS: On average, 12.5% of controlled antibiotic treatments warranted a pharmaceutical intervention, and 92% of them were accepted. The most frequent interventions related to prescriptions were change of dosage and administration route and related to the disease were in respiratory and urinary tract infections. From the economic point of view, the accepted interventions represented a saving of 12,087,029 pesetas (83,359 $)/year, on average. CONCLUSION: The applied computer program resulted a useful tool for a clinical pharmacist to reach more correct antibiotical therapeutics and better cost-effectiveness relation. It also helped to achieve favorable clinical outcomes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1998

[Computer program "PANCREAS"].

Contemporary computer technology allows precise and fast large database analysis. Widespread and common use depends on appropriate, user friendly software, usually lacking in special medical applications. The aim of this work was to develop an integrated system designed to store, explore and analyze data of patients treated for pancreatic cancer. For that purpose the database administration system MS Visual Fox Pro 3.0 was used and special application, according to ISO 9000 series has been developed. The system works under MS Windows 95 with possibility of easy adaptation to MS Windows 3.11 or MS Windows NT by graphic user's interface. The system stores personal data, laboratory results, visual and histological analyses and information on treatment course and complications. However the system archives them and enables the preparation reports of according to individual and statistical needs. Help and security settings allow to work also for one not familiar with computer science.

Data Display↗
PubMed2001

An interactive computer program can effectively educate patients about genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility.

As genetic testing for susceptibility to breast cancer becomes more widespread, alternative methods for educating individuals prior to testing will be needed. Our objective was to compare face-to-face education and counseling by a genetic counselor with education by an interactive computer program, assessing the effects of each on knowledge of breast cancer genetics and intent to undergo genetic testing. We used a randomized, controlled trial. Seventy-two self-referred women with a first-degree relative with breast cancer received outpatient education and counseling at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Twenty-nine received individualized counseling from a genetic counselor (counseling group), 29 received education from an interactive computer program followed by individualized counseling (computer group), and 14 were controls. Both pre- and postintervention assessment of knowledge about breast cancer genetics and intent to undergo genetic testing were measured. The control group participants correctly answered 74% of the knowledge questions; the counselor group, 92%; and the computer group, 96% (P <.0001). Unadjusted mean knowledge scores were significantly higher in the computer group than the counselor group (P =.048), but they were equivalent when adjusted for demographic differences (P = 0.34). Intent to undergo genetic testing was influenced by the interventions: preintervention, a majority in all groups (69%) indicated that they were likely (definitely and most likely) to undergo testing; after either intervention coupled with counseling, only 44% indicated that they were likely to do so (P =.0002; odds ratio = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.7-4.9). We concluded that a computer program can successfully educate patients about breast cancer susceptibility, and, along with genetic counseling, can influence patients' intentions to undergo genetic testing.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

DNAOPT: a computer program to aid optimization of DNA gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE.

Several methods and computer programs have been developed for estimating the size of DNA fragments from gel electrophoresis. However, methods are lacking that may facilitate in optimization of gel conditions. In this article, a computer program called DNAOPT is described, which was developed to assist researchers in tuning the gel conditions of gel electrophoresis. The DNAOPT program fits the reciprocal of the migration distance vs. the size of the DNA fragments using the hyperbolic regression method and computes the hyperbolic parameters such as signal, flatness and capacity (optimization parameters). The program further manipulates these parameters obtained by running gel electrophoresis under various conditions (i) to determine the relationship between the gel conditions (temperature, buffer concentration, electric field strength, etc.) and optimization parameters; (ii) to demonstrate gel electrophoresis curves and optimization parameters graphically; and (iii) to represent the optimizing parameters at different gel conditions in tabular form. The above-mentioned program options aid the users in selecting optimum gel conditions by running the gel repeatedly under various conditions in which the agarose concentration, electric field strength, temperature, buffer concentration and so on are varied in a systematic way for each set of gel conditions. Similarly, this program can also be used to optimize gel conditions of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1987

A computer program for I-125 seed implant.

A computer program, written in FORTRAN, for I-125 permanent interstitial implants has been developed. After implantation, isocentric radiographs are taken using radiotherapy simulator (Siemens) in order to obtain two X-ray images of seeds on the same film. Honeywell DPS8 computer and Hewlett-Packard 7221A plotter are used for the dose calculation. The program calculates the dose distribution at the plane desired using 100 X 100 matrix.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nurses' acceptance of the decision support computer program for cancer pain management.

This article describes nurses' acceptance of a decision support computer program for cancer pain management and explores the relationships between the nurses' acceptance and their sociodemographic characteristics. A feminist perspective was used as a theoretical guide for the research process. This was an Internet intervention study among 122 nurses working with cancer patients. Nurses' acceptance of the decision support computer program was measured using the Questionnaire for User Interaction Satisfaction. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including analysis of variance and correlation analyses. There were significant differences in the total scores of user satisfaction by sex, religion, ethnicity, job title, and specialty. The results suggest that nurses do welcome decision support systems and that nurses' sociodemographic and professional characteristics should be considered in the development of decision support systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A computer program that evaluates patients with hypercalcemia.

A computer program has been developed to assist the physician in managing patients with hypercalcemia. The program requests appropriate information, such as the patient's serum calcium concentration, age and x-ray results. Based on the abnormalities detected, the program asks additional questions needed to suggest the most helpful course of action for evaluating or treating the patient's hypercalcemia. As soon as the data have been entered, the program generates an evaluation note that includes diagnostic possibilities, suggestions for additional laboratory studies, therapeutic recommendations and references to the medical literature. The program can be used from any general purpose teletype-compatible terminal (including cathode ray tube displays) connected to the Bell Telephone System. The time required to enter the data and obtain the evaluation note is approximately 4 minutes with a teletypewriter, and less if a faster terminal is used. The cost for computer time is comparable to that of a laboratory test. Comparison of diagnoses produced by the program with those obtained from pathologic examination of from consulting endocrinolgists shows that the program is sufficiently accurate for clinical use. Finnally, the explanation of the pathophysiology contained in the evaluation note may be useful to the student.

Adolescent↗