SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Communication Programs”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1988

Communication of adults with learning disabilities: self and others' perceptions.

This study investigated perceptions of the communication performance of 31 young adults with severe learning disabilities enrolled in a vocational-education program. Communication assessment questionnaires, designed to rate communication skills of these students, were completed by the students themselves and vocational educators. These questionnaires included items in the areas of comprehension, verbal expression, social communication, and problem solving. Overall, the students' perceptions of their own communication performance were remarkably similar to those of the vocational educators. However, students perceived their communicative performance as less problematic than did others. Of the four areas pertinent to communication, students and vocational educators perceived problem solving as most difficult. Implications of these findings are discussed with reference to the development of assessment procedures for adults with learning disabilities.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Creating a message for profit.

Advertising and marketing a medical group pose many problems and require detailed planning--but are well worth it. A medical group and an advertising agency chronicle their experience in forming a broad print communications program for the group, including the importance of knowing the target, setting a budget, and following up the program with market research.

Advertising↗

PubMed1985

Word-of-mouth communications in health care marketing.

Word-of-mouth (WOM) advertising can be an important communications tool, since it addresses the right target--the decision maker, contains the needed information, and occurs at the right time. An effective WOM communications program will use a marketing survey to identify decision makers and measure their degree of preference for the provider to determine which decision makers can be influenced. A survey also should be used to discover the most significant information sources. To involve those sources in a WOM communications effort requires that they be satisfied with their provider and that they be convinced the provider is the best choice for the person who has requested the recommendation. To increase the likelihood that sources will be informed about a specific provider, pamphlets or other materials can be distributed to assist them. Other forms of encouragement include patient surveys and employee bonuses. An institution's WOM program should also be consistent with its other communications efforts. Messages must be compatible with the themes of advertising and publicity campaigns.

Advertising↗

PubMed2003

Workplace threats to health and job turnover among women workers.

Is job turnover related to concern about workplace health risks? Using data from a national sample of working women, we examined the relationships among workplace risk communications, worker concerns about workplace threats from hazardous substances, indoor air quality, and job change. Eight percent reported changing a job as a result of concern over workplace threats to health. Previous workplace injury predicted concern about hazardous materials and indoor air quality as well as job change, but employer communication about workplace health risks was associated with less job change and less concern about indoor air quality. Women worry about workplace threats to their health enough to change their jobs, but employers may have the power to cut turnover costs and reduce disruption to workers' lives through the use of risk communication programs.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Acquiring language through total communication.

Total communication provides an opportunity for very young children to receive training through both visual and auditory systems. Most children with severe hearing loss have auditory discrimination/perceptual problems in addition to a loss of hearing sensitivity. Because sophisticated assessment of auditory perceptual problems is not yet possible in hearing impaired infants, total communication provides immediate and consistent language input regardless of eventual determination of auditory perceptual skills. An illustration of a total communication program is provided.

Auditory Perception↗

PubMed1997

Office ergonomics programs. A case study of North American corporations.

Subject matter experts from 13 North American corporations provided detailed descriptions of the historical development and the current components and operations of their office ergonomics programs. Results were summarized across corporations and presented for the following programmatic topics: backgrounds of key people, initial awareness and preliminary needs assessment, program development, program implementation, program monitoring and evaluation, program components, education and training, workstation and job analysis, early identification of cases, case management, and alternate office environments. The subject matter experts also provided comments about the strengths of their programs, their advice to others, and lessons they learned. These observations suggested the need for an office ergonomics program, and possibly other occupational health programs, to fit into a corporation's culture and capitalize on its infrastructure. Most corporations used multidisciplinary task forces or teams to develop their programs. Communication, which included training, awareness, advertising, and feedback, was also an important issue. Flexibility and simplicity were important attributes of these programs. It is hoped that this descriptive information will be helpful to some occupational health managers interested in or concerned about managerial perspectives and skills related to the development and implementation of programs within their own corporations.

Ergonomics↗

PubMed1995

Putting the first audience first: conducting useful evaluation for a risk-related government agency.

The risk communication practitioner in a government agency has two essential, interdependent tasks. One is to help develop and monitor effective communication programs with various external public audiences. The other task is to do the same thing for the senior government managers whose support is a prerequisite to addressing the first audience. Hence, the second audience--the manager--is really the first. This paper addresses ways in which communication practitioners can satisfy this crucial audience. A profile of these managers suggests that they would find it highly beneficial to have more control over the public problems they encounter, especially in view of the growing pressures to do more with less and demonstrate "customer satisfaction." They would rather avoid crises than manage them. And they would rather have their bosses praise their successes than challenge their budgets or punish their perceived difficulties or failures. Communication practitioners who can help them attain such benefits will find their efforts in great demand. They would be helpful team members who provide timely insights that can make and show agency success. We offer ten ways for communication practitioners to be more useful which focus their current strengths on satisfying senior managers' needs by becoming more valuable members of the program team. By becoming more useful to the senior manager they serve both the agency and its publics.

Administrative Personnel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Successful internal program builds employee morale; reduces turnover. Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC.

The Washington Hospital Center in Washington, D.C. is an example of what good can happen when a health care institution commits to developing a first-class internal communications program. The hospital center created a program that includes one-on-one dialogue between supervisors and staff, "town hall meetings, newsletters, memos, intranet, employee recognition and special events." The program builds employee morale and reduces turnover. It also has increased the quality of care and attention that patients receive.

District of Columbia↗

PubMed1977

A program for enhancing medical interviewing using video-tape feedback in the family practice residency.

In an effort to enhance the medical interviewing skills of family practice residents in the clinical setting, the Minnesota Communication Program was developed. The Program, which uses video-tape feedback as the primary teaching method, stresses the integration of biological and psychosocial data as well as the establishment of a therapeutic relationship. A description of the Program including goals, teaching strategies, and guidelines for implementing video-tape feedback is presented. The Medical Interview Skills Checklist (MISC) and its use as an assessment tool are described. Results of a survey eliciting residents' responses to the Program and the implications of video-tape feedback for medical education are also discussed.

Educational Measurement↗

PubMed1978

The ethics of health education as public health policy.

The concept of voluntariness is central to an understanding of ethical considerations in two aspects of public health education practice: (1) the selection of appropriate interventions, and (2) the selection of appropriate targets for such interventions. The position is taken that most mass communications programs in public health education are persuasive as well as informative in intent. It is argued that the impact of such programs on voluntariness can be analyzed with regard to the rationality and resistibility of the persuasive appeals involved. Considerations of justice, as well as voluntariness and liberty, are reviewed in the discussion of appropriate targets for intervention. The issue of victim-blaming in public health education is explored, and conditions under which behavioral public health programs may be morally justifiable are suggested.

Choice Behavior↗

PubMed2000

Community Participation in Nutrition Communication: Models and Linkage Systems for Management.

New models of community participation, nutrition communication, and management linkages have been proposed. Changes in the health care sector have forced a major restructuring of facilities and a shifting of focus from traditional institution-based health care to a more community-based delivery of services, and from treatment to health promotion and disease prevention. These changes have also led to a redefinition of community clients and a review of the social processes whereby community members can participate actively in their health care. Challenges for health and nutrition professionals are to create manageable environments for meaningful dialogues, and to communicate action-oriented nutrition messages that reflect the community's values and realities. Some theories on learning and behaviour change can be applied to and aid in nutrition communication. At the same time, facilitators of and barriers to community participation in nutrition communication programs must be identified and addressed. In addition, during this time of health care transition, dietitians and nutritionists must position themselves as leaders in health and nutrition communication so that the community will act on their messages. Partnerships or linkages between organizations at the local, national, and international levels can assist in the effective delivery of nutrition information.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1995

Maternal health care focus in Bolivian campaign.

Maternal health care is one of the focuses of Bolivia's new reproductive health campaign. The campaign, which uses television, radio and print media to get its message across, has the slogan "Your health is in your hands." Prenatal and postnatal care, as well as safe delivery, form one of the campaign's target areas. Others are family planning, breast-feeding, and the prevention of illegal abortions. The Bolivian campaign, which has a logo showing a child's tiny hand grasping a parent's finger, is supported by the Population Communication Services project of the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, US. Bolivia has the highest maternal mortality in the western hemisphere. "The need to create an awareness of reproductive health is vital, with the risk of a Bolivian woman dying during pregnancy or childbirth 60 times that for a woman in Europe or the US," according to Dr. Phyllis Piotrow, director of Johns Hopkins' Center for Communication Programs. Further, Bolivia has the second highest infant mortality rate in the western hemisphere after Haiti.

Advertising↗

PubMed1994

Taking the direct route.

Direct marketing holds much potential for the health care industry, but little has been written about hospitals' use of DM techniques. The authors discuss the distinct characteristics of direct marketing, report findings from an exploratory study of how U.S. hospitals have incorporated DM into their communication programs, and construct a profile of high and low users.

Advertising↗

PubMed1999

Use of student-centred, computer-mediated communication to enhance the medical school curriculum.

OBJECTIVES: While it is clear that computers will play an important role in the study and practice of medicine their introduction into the curriculum remains controversial. Computer purchase has been made compulsory for incoming students. DESIGN: Members of the incoming class were allowed to purchase any computer and modem capable of using the communication program chosen by the school. No formal computer training was given. Students were encouraged to call for assistance or bring in their computers for configuration. The primary object of the system was for communication between the students and between students and faculty. SETTING: The School of Medicine of the University of New Mexico. SUBJECTS: First-year medical students. RESULTS: The vast majority of students set up their computers and connected to the system with little assistance. At the end of the first week of studies all the students were connected. Most of the students used the system on a daily basis. The greatest interest was in discussions concerning examinations with 93% of students reading these postings. The least-used aspect of the system was the exchange of learning issues from small group case discussions. Students also downloaded the curricular material provided but were discriminating in accessing this content. CONCLUSIONS: The student use of the computer as a communication tool has been a success. Students used the system in a variety of ways and by so doing also learned the basics of computer use and maintenance. The area of faculty training is often ignored but is considered crucial to the success of such a project.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed2004

[Risk perception and strategies for mass communication on dengue in the Americas].

Dengue is clearly a very serious public health problem. In the Americas the number of dengue cases has been increasing since the 1960s, and outbreaks of the disease have been occurring more frequently. Furthermore, the density of infestation with the disease vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, is high in the Americas. The general strategy for preventing and controlling dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever is based on promoting behavior changes that lead to incorporating the community in controlling the disease, particularly the vector. In order to achieve this, mass communication programs on dengue should have two primary aims: converting information into practice and encouraging the community to take over prevention and control measures. The new generation of programs should be designed based on the local sanitation structure (water distribution and waste disposal) as well as information on community organizations and the roles of different family members. Furthermore, the new programs should incorporate all the following ten components: epidemiological surveillance, intersectoral actions, community participation, managing the environment and basic services, patient care, case reporting, education, using insecticides and vector control, training, and preparing for emergencies. Communication should be aimed at modifying the behavior of individuals and the community by empowering them to carry out prevention and control measures.

Attitude to Health↗

PubMed2003

Hormesis and risk communication.

Hormesis has been defined as a dose-response relationship in which there is a stimulatory response at low doses, but an inhibiting response at high doses, resulting in a U- or inverted U-shaped dose response. Toxic agents that are detrimental to human health above certain threshold levels may induce positive effects at a dose that is significantly lower than the NOAEL level. In spite of the evidence for hormesis effects, the topic is still a matter of high controversy among toxicologists. Facing this ambiguity, the article raises the question: how should risk communication be arranged in a situation of high ambiguity, lack of empirical certainty about the effects, major policy dilemmas and significant equity problems? The article summarizes the main results of risk communication research and applies these results to the question of hormesis. First, it explains the main context variables that impact on the success or failure of any risk communication program. These refer to i) the levels of the risk debate, ii) the socio-political style of regulation, iii) different types of audiences, and iv) subcultural prototypes. Secondly, the paper addresses the major functions of risk communication: i) dealing with public perception; ii) gaining trust and credibility; iii) involving stakeholders in the communication process. The last section draws some conclusions for improving risk communication on issues of hormesis.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Determinants of condom use among young people in urban Cameroon.

To reduce the prevalence of reproductive health problems among adolescents, governmental and nongovernmental organizations in Cameroon are implementing youth-oriented reproductive health programs. To facilitate the design of effective programs to increase condom use, this study examines survey data on the determinants of having ever used condoms and on current condom use with regular and casual partners among unmarried young people in urban Cameroon. While most adolescents have tried condoms at least once, use remains inconsistent. Parental support, personal risk perception, and self-efficacy are found to be associated with higher levels of condom use. Youth-oriented programs seeking to increase the number of new condom users among the young should promote parental support for condom use and enhance young people's perceptions of personal risk. Programs that work to convince the young that their sexual history can put them at risk of HIV infection and that dispel the myth that HIV risk with regular partners is low may serve to increase personal risk perception. Finally, communications programs should aim to increase adolescents' self-efficacy, particularly in terms of their perceived ability to convince partners to use condoms and to use them correctly.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Crisis communication. Lessons from 9/11.

The sheer enormity of last year's terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon gave new meaning to the term "crisis management." Suddenly, companies near Ground Zero, as well as those more than a thousand miles away, needed a plan. Because the disasters disrupted established channels not only between businesses and customers but between businesses and employees, internal crisis-communications strategies that could be quickly implemented became a key responsibility of top management. Without these strategies, employees' trauma and confusion might have immobilized their firms and set their customers adrift. In this article, executives from a range of industries talk about how their companies, including Morgan Stanley, Oppenheimer Funds, American Airlines, Verizon, the New York Times, Dell, and Starbucks, went about restoring operations and morale. From his interviews with these individuals, author and management professor Paul Argenti was able to distill a number of lessons, each of which, he says, may "serve as guideposts for any company facing a crisis that undermines its employees' composure, confidence, or concentration." His advice to senior executives includes: Maintain high levels of visibility, so that employees are certain of top management's command of the situation and concern; establish contingency communication channels and work sites; strive to keep employees focused on the business itself, because a sense of usefulness enhances morale and good morale enhances usefulness; and ensure that employees have absorbed the firm's values, which will guide them as they cope with the unpredictable. The most forward-thinking leaders realize that managing a crisis-communications program requires the same dedication and resources they give to other dimensions of their business. More important, they realize that their employees always come first.

Commerce↗