Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Camelus”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Phospholipid- and fatty acid-composition in the erythrocyte membrane of the one-humped camel [Camelus dromedarius] and its influence on vesicle properties prepared from these lipids.

The lipid composition of the membrane of erythrocytes from the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) concerning the different lipid classes and the fatty acids was investigated for the first time. The most frequently occurring lipids are sphingomyelin (28.8% of total lipids), phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine (each about 12%). The cholesterol/lipid ratio was calculated to be 0.30 (w/w). The fatty acids consist of shorter and/or more unsaturated chains, which resulted in a more fluid membrane compared to human RBC membranes. Liposomes prepared from erythrocyte lipid extracts were used to investigate the membrane properties resulting from this special lipid mixture. These vesicles were sufficient stable in buffer and significantly more stable than vesicles prepared from human erythrocyte lipid extracts in serum at 37 degrees C. Lipoplexes prepared from cationic erythrocyte lipid liposomes and a reporter gene showed in vitro an improved transfection on two colon carcinoma cells with an enhancement of up to 400% in beta-galactosidase activity in comparison to Lipofectin.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Isolation of ovulation-inducing factors in the seminal plasma of Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) by DEAE-cellulose chromatography.

Ovulation in the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) depends upon the ovulation-inducing factor in the seminal plasma; however, little research has been conducted to isolate and identify the factor. The current study attempts to isolate and identify the bioactive fractions from the seminal plasma of Bactrian camel. The seminal plasma was fractionated by diethylamino-ethylcellulose (DEAE)-cellulose chromatography and five protein fractions were obtained. The bioactive of each fraction was estimated by rat pituitary tissue culture in vitro and by the intramuscular injection of the bioactive fraction to the female camels in vivo. The concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the pituitary culture media before and 6 h after the addition of each fraction and in the peripheral blood plasma collected from the camel immediately before and hourly after the injection of the active fraction were measured by radioimmunoassay. The results demonstrated that the third fraction (L3) had the bioactive potential to stimulate the release of LH in vitro from 11.82 +/- 1.77 to 25.63 +/- 3.84 mIU/ml after the addition of L3 to the culture media. The in vivo concentrations of LH in the blood plasma of the camel increased from 6.43 +/- 0.14 before to 15.50 +/- 2.64 ng/ml 6 h after injection of L3. However, the concentrations of FSH did not show any significant changes either in vitro or in vivo. The results clearly demonstrated the existence of LH-releasing associated fractions in the seminal plasma that appears to be separated by DEAE-cellulose matrix and the isolated L3 fraction might be the ovulation-inducing factor or one of its components.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

beta-lactoglobulins in the mammary secretions of camel (Camelus dromedarius) and she-ass. Immunological detection and preliminary physico-chemical characterization.

The mammary secretions of a monogastric, the ass, and those of a Tylopode, the camel (camelus dromedarius), were examined by double diffusion in agarose gel against rabbit sera anti-bovine beta-lactoglobulin. Clear precipitin reactions were obtained. After immunoelectrophoresis the camel and she-ass beta-lactoglobulins showed very different electrophoretic mobilities.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[A survey of Echinococcus granulosus infection in Camelus bactrianus in north Xinjiang].

AIM: To determine the situation and characteristics of Echinococcus granulosus infection in camels (Camelus bacterianus) in our country. METHODS: The camels slaughtered in abattoir were examined for visceral infection of larval cestode of Echinococcus. The number and diameter of cysts were recorded and the content of cysts were examined microscopically to detect the protoscoleces. RESULTS: 185 out of 375 camels were positive, the infection rate was 49.3%. The metacestodes parasitized mainly in the liver and lung, the ratio between liver and lung involved was 1:0.64. The fertile cyst rate was 39.2%, the fertile cyst-carrying rate of camels was 34.8%, the cyst index was 7.53. The cyst wall was relatively thin and the cysts located singly on the surface of liver. There was no daughter cyst seen in fertile cysts. The average diameter of fertile cysts was 5.6 +/- 2.65 cm in liver and 4.83 +/- 2.03 cm in lung. The percentage of animals harboring calcified cysts was 64.3%. CONCLUSION: The infection rate of metacestodes of Echinococcus granulosus in Bactrian camel was very high in north Xinjiang and the characteristics of infection differ in some aspects from the local sheep and cattle and from dromedaries in Africa as well. Further study is needed to elucidate the significance of the infection of E. granulosus in Bactrian camels.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella serotypes isolated from apparently healthy slaughtered camels (Camelus dromedarius) in eastern Ethiopia.

A total of 714 samples consisting of faeces, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, abdominal and diaphragmatic muscles (each 119) were collected from November 2001 to April 2002 from apparently healthy slaughtered camels (Camelus dromedarius) in eastern Ethiopia. One hundred sixteen (16.2%) Salmonella strains belonging to 16 different serovars were isolated. All Salmonella strains isolated were examined for antimicrobial resistance to 17 selected antimicrobials. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined by the microdilution broth test. Fifty-two (44.8%) of the Salmonella isolates were resistant to one or more antimicrobials. Thirty-nine of the 52 (75%) resistant Salmonella serovars exhibited multiple resistance to up to eight different antimicrobials. Among the serovars tested, S. Typhimurium, S. Heidelberg, S. Braenderup and S. Hadar displayed multiple resistance mainly to streptomycin (35.3%), spectinomycin (28.4%), sulfamethoxazole (25.0%), ampicillin (24.1%), trimethoprim (22.4%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (18.9%), tetracycline (12.9%) and colistin (11.2%). All Salmonella strains tested were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, gentamicin, kanamycin and neomycin. The present study showed the importance of camels as a potential source of single and multiple resistant Salmonella strains to different antimicrobials that are also used in the public health sector for the treatment of different bacterial diseases in Ethiopia.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Unusual membrane-bound bodies in the basal lamina of the uriniferous tubules of the camel Camelus dromedarius. Freeze-fracture and ultrathin-section study.

Kidney samples of the camel Camelus dromedarius were aldehyde fixed and glycerol impregnated for ultrathin-section and freeze-fracture studies of the basal lamina. Results obtained show the presence of extracellular membrane-bound bodies within the thick basal lamina of the tubular portion of the nephron. The 10- to 500-nm bodies appear isolated and are found at various levels along the width of a highly structural lattice basal lamina. The bodies are observed either in small groups or as single structures which are invariably surrounded by a clear halo of the basal lamina. In ultrathin sections they appear limited by a typical unit-membrane structure, and their interior may appear empty or may exhibit material of variable electron opacity. Freeze-fracture replicas reveal the limiting membrane of the bodies which appear either as concave or convex structures. Intramembrane particles (IMPs) measuring between 5 and 15 nm are present in some of the bodies, whilst others appear devoid of IMPs. The IMPs are present in both concave and convex surfaces and are usually aggregated into clumps. The region of the basal lamina which contains the membrane-bound bodies is usually granular except in the area immediately surrounding the bodies which corresponds to the clear halo observed in thin sections. Although these basal lamina membrane-bound bodies appear to be similar to matrix vesicles previously described in mineralizing tissues, it seems unlikely that they are involved in calcification. It is possible that the membrane-bound bodies and the highly configurated basal lamina may be related to ionic transport mechanisms which are associated with the high osmolarity of the camel urine.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Structure and histochemistry of the sublingual salivary glands of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius).

Morphometric, histological and histochemical studies were carried out on the sublingual salivary glands of the Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius). The glands are of the tubulo-acinar type and consist of many lobules that are composed of two types of cells, mucoserous and seromucous. The mucoserous cells form the main secretory units of the gland but seromucous cells are much more seldom and form associated acini. The former cells secrete and elaborate large quantities of neutral mucosubstances, sialomucins and little sulphomucins while only the apical portion of the latter cells shows weak to moderate activity for neutral and acid mucosubstances. The histoenzymological tests employed here detected a considerable activity of alkaline phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase, aminopeptidase and non-specific esterases, but weak activities of cytochrome oxidase, peroxidase and no activities of triacylglycerol lipase, beta-glucoronidase and amylase. The functional significance of these findings is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Acute monensin toxicosis in Stone sheep (Ovis dalli stonei), blesbok (Damaliscus dorcus phillipsi), and a Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus).

Accidental monensin toxicosis developed in 5 Stone sheep (Ovis dalli stonei), 5 blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsi), and a Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) at the St Louis Zoological Park. Eight animals died acutely and 1 was euthanatized because of chronic hind limb paresis. All affected animals had clinicopathologic evidence of severe muscle necrosis, serum electrolyte disturbances, and hemoconcentration.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

N-terminal amino-sequencing of camel (Camelus dromedarius) luteinizing-hormone alpha and beta-subunits.

The subunits of luteinizing hormone from the Camelus dromedarius (CamLH) have been separated by reverse phase HPLC after reduction and alkylation of their disulfide bridges. The N-terminal amino-acid sequencing of the alpha and beta subunits has been performed up to the 53rd and 67th residue respectively (i.e. more than half of each polypeptide chain). These sequences have been compared to those of LH from other mammalian species in order to estimate the phylogenetic divergence of LH in this species and in order to point out characteristic features of its primary structure that can be related to its physico-chemical properties.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heterogeneity of the histological features along the course of the facial vein of the desert camel (Camelus dromedarius): relevance to brain cooling.

Sections from different parts along the facial vein of the camel (Camelus dromedarius) were examined by light microscopy. The results demonstrated heterogeneity among the various segments. Particular attention was paid to a specific area in the buccal region which was previously shown by physiological experiments to have a temperature-dependent myogenic tone. The morphology of that area showed highly thickened media with prominent bands of circularly disposed smooth muscles infiltrating both the intima and the adventitia. The morphology described in this study correlates well with the function and gives further credence to the proposed role of the facial vein in cranial thermoregulation particularly under heat stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Multiplicity of different stable quaternary conformations in ferric hemoglobin from Camelus dromedarius. Modulation by small anions.

The effect of small anions in modulating polyphosphate-induced conformational changes in ferric dromedary hemoglobin (Camelus dromedarius) was investigated. The results obtained indicate that: i) in solution, the simultaneous presence of polyphosphate and small anions is essential to obtain quaternary changes in the protein; ii) the charge, rather than the size or sterical configuration, mainly affects the quaternary structural equilibrium of the macromolecule; iii) three distinct, stable quaternary conformers of ferric dromedary hemoglobin were detected spectroscopically as a function of charge and concentration of small anion.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Distribution of the renal vein in the kidney of the dromedary (Camelus dromedarius).

The venous drainage of the kidney of the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius) was studied in 17 kidneys of male and female adult animals. Injection of latex, plastoid as well as radiopaque substance (40% barium sulfate) were used to follow the distribution of the renal vein through the kidney tissue. The renal vein of the camel is unique as it gives off vv. interlobares I which drain the ventral half of the kidney, in addition to large cranial and caudal stem vessels from which vv. interlobares I of the dorsal surface branch. The general pattern of distribution of the renal vein in the camel's kidney resembles, more or less, that of the other domestic animals.

Anatomy, Comparative↗
PubMed1978

Morphological changes in the testis and epididymis of camels (Camelus dromedarius). Part I.

The normal anatomy and morphological changes in the testis and epididymis, due to age and seasonal variations, were studied in camels (Camelus dromedarius) between 4 and 20 years of age. The testes had a dark gray colour and were situated in the perineum. The weight ranged from 32 to 225 g. The length and maximum cross-diameter were 6--13 and 3--6.5 cm, respectively. The maximum weight of the left testis in 12-year-old camels during the winter months (December to March) was 225 g, and the minimum weight in the camels of the same age group during the summer months (April to July) was 181 g. The seasonal influence on the weight of the testis was very profound in the camels of 9--14 years. The weight of the epidiymis ranged from 10 to 40 g; their weight increased in all age groups during the winter months.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Presence of ketones in the serum of Trypanosoma evansi infected camels (Camelus dromedarius) in the Sudan.

One hundred serum and two urine samples collected from camels (Camelus dromedarius) were analysed at the Eastern State Veterinary Research Laboratory, Kassala, Sudan, for the presence of ketones. All fifty sera from trypanosome infected camels gave positive results. Fourty five out of the fifty serum samples of trypanosome negative camels showed negative results. The five positive samples were also positive with the mercuric chloride test.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An ultrastructural study of the erythrocytes associated with haematochemical data of the camel Camelus dromedarius.

The aims of the present study were to characterize by electron microscopy the morphological features of the erythrocytes of normal adult and young camels Camelus dromedarius in a renal blood vessel and in a smear. These cells are thin and elliptical, with a slight central elevation. They are slightly larger, but thinner than those reported by other authors. It is found that the renal blood vessels in adults have a thicker basal lamina with the presence of electron dense membranous bodies. These two features were described in different parts of the uriniferous tubules of the camel in previous studies. The numerical data of the haematochemical parameters that are reported here are in general similar for both adult and young camels, while they differ from those of other studies, this may have resulted from their unknown provenance and their previous dietary regime. Moreover, these parameters probably relate to the arid environment of the animal.

Adaptation, Physiological↗