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Ludwik Rajchman--international health leader.

Ludwik Rajchman was a man caught up in the whirlwind of international politics. He suffered from the conquest of his country, Poland, by both Nazism and Communism yet managed to rise to eminence as a leader of the Health Organisation of the League of Nations and then of UNICEF.

History, 20th Century↗

[Lukwik Rajchman, leader in international health].

Ludwik Rajchman was a man caught up in the whirlwind of international politics. He suffered from the conquest of this country, Poland, by both Nazism and Communism yet managed to rise to eminence as a leader of the Health Organisation of the League of Nations and then of UNICEF.

Global Health↗

Development of public health training in Hungary--an exercise in international co-operation.

Following the fall of Communism, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe have been restructuring their health systems. Restructured medical education is vital to, and has been supported by, the European Union TEMPUS (Trans-European Mobility Scheme for University Studies) scheme. An example is a three-year project in Hungary to develop undergraduate and postgraduate medical education in public health. The project team (CNPHH) included representatives from all Hungarian medical schools and universities in Western Europe and Canada. The project involved assessing the needs of the Hungarian departments and developing a strategy involving transfer of skills in modern public health and educational methods, study visits and courses in Hungary and at Western universities, and capital funding. The project provides a model for others wishing to develop or restructure their education at national or local levels. This paper describes the methods used, outcomes achieved, and lessons learned.

Curriculum↗

[Psychiatry at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries].

The author makes an attempt at considering the most important achievements in psychiatry which have taken place in the global scale during the passing century, and the direction taken up by the development of global psychiatry in the coming century. The 20th century was characterised not only by the impressive development of science, thanks to which completely new possibilities opened up for global psychiatry, but also by the presence of extreme events that took place as a result of false ideologies such as fascism and communism. In the 20th century concepts like homicide, holocaust, the extermination of the mentally ill, experiments on people that are prohibited by the ethics of medicine and the elementary rules of humanity, etc. The paper includes the achievements of diagnosis and therapy of psychiatric disorders and the latest organisational solutions as well as the perspectives for further development of psychiatry. The author also implies the aims that psychiatry has to take up due to the numerous threats from our civilization: the technical-technological development, pollution of the natural environment, the negative changes in human values, the rising brutality in interhuman relations due to racial, national and religious conflicts and terrorism, the disappearing feeling of being safe in society, vision of hunger and poverty in many countries on a few continents, the danger of an epidemic outbreak of new unknown diseases caused by viral mutations, or genetics--the possible negative effects of genetic engineering (cloning of humans), etc. The author tries to define the role of psychiatry in preventing the threats of civilization.

History, 20th Century↗