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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Familial occurrence of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and Weber-Christian disease.

Severe panniculitis of the Weber-Christian type occurred in two brothers, both with marked alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) deficiency and phenotype PiZZ. Studies of inflammatory and immunologic function were undertaken in these two patients as well as in a third brother with severe alpha 1-AT deficiency but without Weber-Christian disease. The findings of these investigations were suggestive of exaggerated immunologic and inflammatory function with enhanced lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin, enhanced activation of neutrophils and monocytes, and accelerated delayed hypersensitivity responses in all three subjects. This hyperreactivity may explain the apparent association of alpha 1-AT deficiency with Weber-Christian disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Evil Spirit Sickness, the Christian disease: the innovation of a new syndrome of mental derangement and redemption in Papua New Guinea.

This essay analyses the cultural and historical processes involved in the emergence of Evil Spirit Sickness, a form of mental or behavioral derangement that appeared among the Bosavi people of Papua New Guinea during a period of intense Christian evangelization and religious excitement. It explores the emergence of the disorder both as a form of psychological breakdown under the burden of intolerable life stress and a socially innovated, ritually structured, and performatively achieved mode of seeking redemption in a Papuan Christian context.

Christianity↗
PubMed1991

Hypercholesterolemia in five Israeli Christian-Arab kindreds is caused by the "Lebanese" allele at the low density lipoprotein receptor gene locus and by an additional independent major factor.

Segregation analyses were performed for plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in five Christian Arab kindreds identified through probands with familial hypercholesterolemia. In this subset of the Christian Arab community, the results were consistent with major gene determination of LDL-C with allele frequency (q) of 0.042 (95% confidence interval 0.008-0.079) in addition to polygenic transmission (h2 = 0.34). The "Lebanese" allele was identified directly by polymerase chain reaction and HinfI restriction analysis. Analysis of this mutation permits direct diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in most affected individuals although our results indicated the possible existence of an additional independent factor leading to elevated LDL-C levels. The segregation results for TG indicated the presence of a major effect, although the existence of a major gene could not be demonstrated. There was also no evidence of a major locus effect on HDL-C levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Religious affiliation and psychiatric diagnosis: the influence of Christian sect membership on diagnosis distribution.

Minority religions, sects and cults are an increasingly common socio-cultural phenomenon, of which the effects concerning mental health and illness are still poorly understood. In the present study, we compared socio-demographical and clinical characteristics between members of Christian sects and the remaining general inpatient population admitted to a psychiatric clinic in Germany between 1978 and 1991. In comparison to the general patient population, Christian sect patients presented significantly more frequently with a diagnosis of functional psychoses (P < 0.02) and less frequently with diagnoses of neuroses (P < 0.10). Dissimilarities among sub-cultural groups in help-seeking behavior are suggested to explain the heterogeneous diagnoses distribution found in the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Physician-assisted death: doctrinal develoment vs. Christian tradition.

Physician-assisted suicide offers a moral and theological Rorschach test. Foundational commitments regarding morality and theology are disclosed by how the issue is perceived and by what moral problems it is seen to present. One of the cardinal differences disclosed is that between Western and Orthodox Christian approaches to theology in general, and the theology of dying and suicide in particular. Confrontation with the issue of suicide is likely to bring further doctrinal development in many of the Western Christian religions, so as to be able to accept physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed2005

Christian bioethics and the Church's political worship.

Christian bioethics springs from the worship that is the response of the Church to the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Such worship is distinctively political in nature, in that it acknowledges Christ as Lord. Because it is a political worship, it can recognize no other lords and no other prior claims on its allegiance: these include the claims of an allegedly universal ethics and politics determined from outside the Church. However the Church is called not just to be a contrast society, but also to witness to the freeing of the world from salvific pretensions in order that it may embrace its proper temporality. The implications of this for the distinctiveness of Christian bioethics are brought out in three movements: first, the Church's itself learning how it is to conceive bioethics; second, the Church's role in unmasking the idols of secular bioethics; and third, the Church's witnessing to the freeing of medicine from idolatrous aspirations.

Bioethical Issues↗
PubMed2006

Why patients should give thanks for their disease: traditional Christianity on the joy of suffering.

Patristic teaching about sin and disease allows supplementing well-acknowledged conditions for a Christian medicine with further personal challenges, widely disregarded in Western Christianities. A proper appreciation of man's vocation toward (not just achieving forgiveness but) deification reveals the need to cooperate with the Holy Spirit's offer of grace toward restoring man's pre-fallen nature. Ascetical exercises designed at re-establishing the spirit's mastery over the soul distance persons from (even supposedly harmless) passion. They thus inspire the struggle towards emulating Christ's (self-crucifying) kenotic love, and to accept even secularly "undeserved" suffering as spiritually deserved in view of his (forever) lacking fervor in that struggle. Only in the spirit of that love can the evil Adam's sin brought into this world work its therapeutic impact, the eschatological purpose of which explains God's lovingly permitting that evil. This therapeutic impact is physically manifested already in this life through the transforming energies granted the saints of the church.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1995

Illness, the problem of evil, and the analogical structure of healing: on the difference Christianity makes in bioethics.

A Christian bioethic needs to place the medical approach to sickness, suffering, and death within the context of redemption and the renewal of humanity in the image of God. This can be done by accounting for the way in which the disruptions of the human life-world that attend the illness experience manifest the structure of the problem of evil and point toward an answer that transcends the individual and the medical community. Further, the disease-oriented approach to medicine, when understood in the context of the analogia entis, can be taken as an analogy for a deeper spiritual healing, and can thus become a vehicle through which one can minister to the disruptions of a patient's life-world. An appreciation of the analogical structure of healing provides the basis for a Christian ethic of care.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1995

Towards a non-ecumenical interchange: Engelhardt, Hauerwas, and Ramsey on Christian bioethics.

Does a non-ecumenical journal on Christian bioethics make sense? Taking issue with Stanley Hauerwas' critique of Ramsey, the author argues (1) interdenominational exchange should not be construed as contest, and (2) the attempt on the part of Christians to address secular issues in secular terms should not be mistrusted or viewed as a contamination hazard. Instead (1) an awareness of human limits should render adherents of different traditions willing to learn from each other and (2) one should see in the love-of-neighbor principle an obligation to serve the world. Addressing the communication problem, the author recommends different language levels for intra-group and ever more encompassing inter-group exchanges.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1995

From the profane to the sacred: why we need to retrieve Christian bioethics.

Christianity has been crucial in the conceptualization and articulation of the moral framework of the Western tradition. The social sciences, including ethics, were modeled on physical science. However, the Enlightenment project inculcated a metaphysics and an epistemology that reduced the subject to an object and thus undermined the conditions of freedom, agency and an accessible cosmic order; all of which are essential to morality. Competing value claims were shunted into a political context for resolution, but the politicalized morality itself requires a framework for evaluating resolutions. While neither the Enlightenment nor post-modernism can provide such a framework, Christian tradition can, in fact, provide just such a framework and response.

Bioethics↗
PubMed1996

Health care, equality, and inequality: Christian perspectives and moral disagreements.

Equality is a concept that is often used in health care discussions about the allocation of resources and the design of health care systems. In secular discussions and debates the concept of equality is highly controverted and can take on many different specifications. One might think that Christians hold a common understanding of equality. A more careful study, though, makes it clear that equality is just as controversial among different Christian communities as it is in the secular world.

Catholicism↗
PubMed1997

Ethical issues in managed care: a Catholic Christian perspective.

A Christian analysis of the moral conflicts that exist among physicians and health care institutions requires a detailed treatment of the ethical issues in managed care. To be viable, managed care, as with any system of health care, must be economically sound and morally defensible. While managed care is per se a morally neutral concept, as it is currently practiced in the United States, it is morally dubious at best, and in many instances is antithetical to a Catholic Christian ethics of health care. The moral status of any system of managed care ought to be judged with respect to its congruence with Gospel teachings about the care of the sick, Papal Encyclicals, and the documents of the Second Vatican Council. In this essay, I look at the important conceptual or definitional issues of managed care, assess these concerns over against the source and content of a Catholic ethic of health care, and outline the necessary moral requirements of any licit system of health care.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Is Christian religious conservatism compatible with the liberal social welfare state?

This article examines the rise of Christian religious conservatism and explores whether the theological views of the conservative Christian movement are compatible with the liberal social welfare state. The authors conclude that the driving force behind social change should remain with the state, even though faith-based initiatives can provide some basic supports that the social welfare state can use.

Charities↗
PubMed1993

Pressure sores in a Christian Science sanatorium.

We reviewed the Dallas County Medical Examiner's Office records of all individuals who had died in a local Christian Science Sanatorium during a 5 1/2-year period. Of 116 such patients, only 13 (11%) had pressure sores (decubitus ulcers). In 10 of these patients, the sores were described as small, superficial, and/or healing, while the other three patients had more serious ulcers. In contrast, for patients dying in nursing homes or hospitals, the incidence of pressure sores may be as high as 54-57%. It is our opinion that the difference in incidence is due to the personal and conscientious nursing care provided by Christian Science institutions.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Spiritual perspectives, needs and nursing interventions of Christian African-Americans.

BACKGROUND: Although the amount of literature on spiritual needs and care has increased, in practice there has been little change in how nurses assess spiritual need. This suggests that not all spiritual needs of patients are being addressed. Based on the assumption that spiritual needs vary by culture, this study focused on one subgroup, namely Christian African-Americans. AIMS: The aim of this paper is to report a study examining spiritual perspectives, spiritual needs and desired nursing interventions during hospitalization identified by Christian African-Americans. METHODS: A descriptive correlational design was employed. A convenience sample (n = 44) was recruited from three African-American churches. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and one-way anovas used to examine spiritual perspectives and spiritual values. Content analysis was used to analyse and summarize qualitative data. Instruments included the Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS) and two open-ended questions. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 56 years (range 19-84). The majority was female (86%); 71% of respondents strongly agreed that they had spiritual needs to be met during hospitalization. Mean score for the SPS was 5.7 (sd = 0.36). Respondents used a total of 103 phrases to describe spiritual needs, based on three dimensions of connectedness: connectedness to God (50 phrases), connectedness to others (37 phrases) and connectedness to self (16 phrases). Desired nursing interventions included: participating in spiritual activities (n = 41); demonstrating caring qualities (n = 27); providing comforting measures (n = 13); providing reassurance (n = 9); recognizing the spiritual caregiver role (n = 7); and incorporating diversity in care (n = 3). CONCLUSIONS: The findings provide information for nurses to facilitate development of culturally appropriate spiritual nursing interventions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthodox Christian beliefs and homophobia in baccalaureate nursing students.

Religion is an important factor in attitudes formed about groups, specifically homosexuals. Nursing education does little to inhibit homophobia in students. Sophomore (n = 87) and senior (n = 87) nursing students completed a demographic questionnaire, the Index of Homophobia (IHP), the Christian Orthodoxy Scale, and the Intrinsic Religious Motivation Scale. Half the students had IHP scores indicative of high-grade nonhomophobia. IHP scores and frequency of church attendance were significantly correlated, as were Christian orthodoxy and homophobia scores. Intrinsic religious motivation and homophobia were inversely related. Implications include the need to provide opportunities for students to discuss religion and attitudes toward homosexuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Monitoring changing attitudes towards Christianity among secondary school pupils between 1974 and 1986.

The Francis scale of attitude towards Christianity Form ASC4B was administered to the whole pupil population in years one through five of two co-educational comprehensive schools in 1974. The study was replicated at four-yearly intervals in 1978, 1982 and 1986. The results confirm the finding that attitudes towards Christianity decline throughout the years of compulsory secondary schooling and also establish that there has been a significant and progressive decline in attitude scores throughout this age range during the 12-year period between 1974 and 1986.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

The human embryo in the Christian tradition: a reconsideration.

Recent claims that the Christian tradition justifies destructive research on human embryos have drawn upon an article by the late Professor Gordon Dunstan which appeared in this journal in 1984. Despite its undoubted influence, this article was flawed and seriously misrepresented the tradition of Christian reflection on the moral status of the human embryo.

Abortion, Induced↗