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At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Removal of cesium from deer meat].

The effects of pickle-curing on a decrease in the cesium-nuclides amount in red-deer meat were investigated. This meat was contaminated through ingestion of natural feed in seasons after the fall-out from Chernobyl accident. Two pickles were studied: vinegar solution and the same one with added vegetables and spices. The pickle curing was carried out at temperatures of 5 degrees C and 11 degrees C after cutting the meat into little pieces of about 1.5 cm. Adecrease in cesium activity was measured by means of gamma-spectrometry at given time intervals after the process was started. It was proved that the efficiency of this process is mostly influenced by replacement of the pickle solution and by the duration of the process. A decrease in the cesium activity of about 80% was achieved without the change of the pickle after seven hours of curing. But after the same time and one pickle solution change, the activity decrease reached more than 90%. No important influence of added vegetables and spices into the pickle nor of the temperature between 5 degrees C and 11 degrees C was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of cesium, lithium and rubidium on several effects of morphine].

The effect of chlorous salts of cesium, lithium, and rubidium on the analgetic action of morphine (according to the vocalization test) and also on the pattern of the dependence on it (according to the so-called "two-bottle test") was studied. As shown, the salts under investigation decreased both the algesic reaction threshold and the duration of morphine-induced analgesia; cesium chloride proved most active in this respect. All the compounds studied decrease the morphine preference coefficient. The greatest effect was found in cesium chloride which decreased the morphine preference coefficient 40-fold as compared to the control.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Murine immunization by cesium-137 irradiation attenuated Schistosoma mansoni cercariae.

Cesium-137, becoming a more readily available ionizing gamma radiation source for laboratory use, was shown to effectively attenuate Schistosoma mansoni cercariae for vaccine production. In parallel comparison studies with the murine model, cesium-137 attenuated cercariae consistently afforded better (P greater than 0.05) protection than did the cobalt-60 prepared vaccine. Dose-response data indicated that the optimal total irradiation with cesium-137 was between 45 and 50 Krad.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effects of intracoronary glyburide on cesium-induced arrhythmias in anesthetized dogs.

Intracellular calcium plays an essential role in regulation of many cellular processes, but increases in internal calcium levels can also exacerbate pathophysiologic or pharmacologic responses, in particular myocardial arrhythmias. Pharmacologic increases in intracellular calcium may be obtained by opening calcium channels, either directly or indirectly, or by increasing calcium release from intracellular stores. In this study, cesium chloride administered intracoronarily (i.c.) through the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) dose-dependently elicited ventricular arrhythmias. Glyburide (3 micrograms/kg/min i.c.), clofilium (1 micrograms/kg/min i.c.) or ryanodine (0.03 micrograms/kg/min i.c.) exacerbated arrhythmias. Specifically, the ED50 values for cesium were shifted from 0.56 mM in the vehicle group to 0.17, 0.27, and 0.20 mM in the glyburide, clofilium, and ryanodine groups, respectively. Coronary blood flow (CBF) and blood pressure (BP) did not change significantly in any treatment group. Effects of glyburide were not mediated by either insulin or decreased glucose levels, since infusions of insulin (decreasing blood glucose to 20 mg/dl) did not exacerbate arrhythmias. In vitro electrophysiologic studies showed that glyburide (1 microM) and ryanodine (1 microM) did not significantly affect action potential durations (APD). In contrast, clofilium (1 microM) significantly prolonged APD. These results demonstrate that glyburide, clofilium, and ryanodine tend to exacerbate cesium-induced arrhythmias. We suggest that glyburide and ryanodine may exacerbate arrhythmias by increasing internal calcium from intracellular stores, whereas clofilium may increase internal calcium by increasing influx of calcium across the sarcolemma.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1977

[Experiences with cesium contact therapy in uterine cancer].

Till the end of 1969 contact therapy (CT) of the cervix and corpus carcinomas was performed with radium at the gynecological clinic of the Medical Academy Dresden. After taking out the radium of the gynecological CT we continued the therapy with cesium. Iitally, there were no experiences with respect to isodoses, periods of storage and efficiency on the tumor. On direct measurement of the provided cesium containers an essential higher dose rate than that of radium was found. This dose rate was twice the rate of radium at a distance of 3 cm. Thereupon the periods of storage were shortened half the time at constant carrier activities. A measurement of the radiation exposure of the bladder and the rectum was performed on priciple. In evaluating the patients radiated with cesium from 1970 to 1972 we discuss the results of the patients treated with radium from 1968 to 1970 by way of comparison. The 5-year healing quotients attained did not show any significant differences.

Cesium Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1977

Simultaneous determination of iron, zinc, selenium, rubidium, and cesium in serum and packed blood cells by neutron activation analysis.

We determined the iron, zinc, selenium, rubidium, and cesium concentrations in serum and packed blood cells by instrumental neutron activation analysis without chemical separations. Lyophilized samples were irradiated for 12 days at a flux of 10(13) neutrons-cm-2-s-1, mineralized by wet digestion, and measured two times with a high-resolution Ge(Li) detector--for 6 h about a month after the irradiation and for 15 h two or three months after the irradiation, The following values were obtained: 163 +/- 0.43 mg/liter (serum iron), 1025 +/- 136 mg/kg wet wt (packed cells iron), 1¿ +/- 0.20 mg/liter (serum zinc), 11.15 +/- 1.83 mg/kg wet wt (packed cells zinc), 0.13 +/- 0.02 mg/liter (serum selenium), 0.16 +/- 0.03 mg/kg wet wt (packed cells selenium), 0.17 +/- 0.04 mg/liter (serum rubidium), 4.28 +/- 0.98 mg/kg wet wt (packed cells rubidium), 0.74 +/- 0.20 microgram/liter (serum cesium), and 4.82 +/- 2.10 microgram/kg wet wt (packed cells cesium).

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1963

CESIUM-137 IN ALASKAN ESKIMOS.

During the summer of 1962, levels of radioactivity in over 700 people at four villages above the Arctic Circle in Alaska were measured with a transportable whole-body counter. The averages for body burden of cesium-137 were much higher than the average for people in the rest of the United States. The people of the interior village of Anaktuvuk Pass had the highest average burden of cesium-137, which was 421 nanocuries; the maximum burden was 790 nanocuries.

Alaska↗
PubMed1992

RNA isolation from cartilage using density gradient centrifugation in cesium trifluoroacetate: an RNA preparation technique effective in the presence of high proteoglycan content.

An efficient method for the isolation of RNA from cartilage is described. The difficulties in obtaining RNA from cartilage, a tissue of low cell density and high proteoglycan content, were overcome by making several modifications to the guanidine thiocyanate/cesium chloride method of RNA extraction. Cartilage tissue is frozen, crushed, and homogenized in a 4 M guanidine thiocyanate lysis buffer. The RNA is then pelleted by ultracentrifugation through a cesium trifluoroacetate density gradient. The use of cesium trifluoroacetate, rather than cesium chloride, for density gradient centrifugation improves both the yield and purity of total RNA isolated from cartilage. The ultracentrifugation has been adapted to the Beckman TL100 tabletop centrifuge and is complete in 3 h. This fast, simple method produces high quality RNA, suitable for use in RNase protection assays, polymerase chain reaction analysis, and Northern analysis. This purification procedure may be applicable to other sources, from which RNA isolation is complicated by the presence of abundant cell wall or matrix components.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The effect of mineral composition on the sorption of cesium ions on geological formations.

The sorption of cesium-137 on rock samples, mainly on clay rocks, is determined as a function of the mineral composition of the rocks. A relation between the mineral groups (tectosilicates, phyllosilicates, clay minerals, carbonates) and their cesium sorption properties is shown. A linear model is constructed by which the distribution coefficients of the different minerals can be calculated from the mineral composition and the net distribution coefficient of the rock. On the basis of the distribution coefficients of the minerals the cesium sorption properties of other rocks can be predicted.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

The adsorption behavior of cesium on silica gel.

Cesium adsorption on silica gel has been studied as a function of different particle sizes (15, 40 and 63 microm), cation concentrations and temperatures. The adsorption behavior of cesium was evaluated by using the radiotracer method. The temperatures chosen for the study were 25 degrees C, 40 degrees C, and 60 degrees C. Cesium concentrations were ranged between 1 x 10(-6) - 1 x 10(-3)M. The data were fitted to both Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isoterms. The thermodynamic parameters calculated from the adsorption results were used to explain the mechanism of the adsorption.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Automated determination of silicon isotope natural abundance by the acid decomposition of cesium hexafluosilicate.

A procedure for the automated determination of isotopic abundances of silicon from biogenic and lithogenic particulate matter and from dissolved silicon in fresh or saltwaters is reported. Samples are purified using proven procedures through the reaction of Si with acidified ammonium molybdate, followed by precipitation with triethylamine and combustion of the precipitate to yield silicon dioxide. The silicon dioxide is converted to cesium hexafluosilicate by dissolution in hydrogen fluoride and the addition of cesium chloride. Isotopic analysis is accomplished by decomposing the cesium hexafluosilicate with concentrated sulfuric acid to generate silicon tetrafluoride gas. Silicon tetrafluoride is purified cryogenically and analyzed on a gas source isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Yields of silicon tetrafluoride are >99.5%. The procedure can be automated by modifying commercial inlet systems designed for carbonate analysis. The procedure is free of memory effects and isotopic biases. Reproducibility is +/-0.03-0.10 per thousand for a variety of natural and synthetic materials.

Acids↗
PubMed2007

Anion partitioning and ion-pairing behavior of anions in the extraction of cesium salts by 4,5' '-Bis(tert-octylbenzo)dibenzo-24-crown-8 in 1,2-dichloroethane.

A systematic study of anion partitioning and ion pairing was performed for an extraction of individual cesium salts into 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCE) using 4,5' '-bis(tert-octylbenzo)dibenzo-24-crown-8 as the cesium receptor. Equilibrium constants corresponding to the extraction of ion pairs and dissociated ions, formation of the 1:1 cesium/crown complex (confirmed by electrospray mass spectrometry), and dissociation of the ion pairs in water-saturated 1,2-DCE at 25 degrees C were obtained from equilibrium modeling using the SXLSQI program. The standard Gibbs energy of partitioning between water and water-saturated 1,2-DCE was determined for picrate, permanganate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, methanesulfonate, trifluoroacetate, and acetate anions. The dissociation of the organic-phase complex ion pair [Cs(4,4' '-bis(tert-octylbenzo)dibenzo-24-crown-8]+NO3- observed in the extraction experiments was shown to be consistent with the dissociation constant determined independently by conductance measurements. As attributed to the large effective radius of the complex cation, the evident anion discrimination due to ion pairing in the 1,2-DCE phase was relatively small, by comparison only a tenth of the discrimination exhibited by the anion partitioning. Only chloride and picrate exhibit evidence for significantly greater-than-expected ion-pairing tendency. These results provide insight into the inclusion properties of the clefts formed by opposing arene rings of the crown ether upon encapsulation of the Cs+ ion, whose weak anion recognition likely reflects the preferential inclusion of 1,2-DCE molecules in the clefts. Observed anion extraction selectivity in this system, which may be ascribed predominantly to solvent-induced Hofmeister bias selectivity toward large charge-diffuse anions, was nearly the same whether cesium salts were extracted as dissociated ions or ion pairs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Raman Spectroscopic Investigation of Matrix Isolated Rubidium and Cesium Molecules: Rb(2), Rb(3), Cs(2), and Cs(3)(,)(1).

The rubidium molecules Rb(2) and Rb(3) and the cesium molecules Cs(2) and Cs(3) were isolated in argon matrixes and characterized for the first time by Raman spectroscopy. The fundamental frequencies of the dimers were observed at 59.1 cm(-)(1) for the rubidium dimer and 45.8 cm(-)(1) for the cesium dimer. The Raman lines of the rubidium trimer appeared at 38.3 and 53.9 cm(-)(1), and the lines of the cesium trimer, at 24.4 and 39.5 cm(-)(1). The vibrational frequencies were compared with gas-phase frequencies and with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, the lowest vibrational levels of the (1)Pi(u) state of Cs(2) isolated in solid argon were observed by Raman matrix spectroscopy.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Relativistic DMRG calculations on the curve crossing of cesium hydride.

Over the past few years, it has been shown in various studies on small molecules with only a few electrons that the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method converges to results close to the full configuration-interaction limit for the total electronic energy. In order to test the capabilities of the method for molecules with complex electronic structures, we performed a study on the potential-energy curves of the ground state and the first excited state of 1sigma+ symmetry of the cesium hydride molecule. For cesium relativistic effects cannot be neglected, therefore we have used the generalized arbitrary-order Douglas-Kroll-Hess protocol up to tenth order, which allows for a complete decoupling of the Dirac Hamiltonian. Scalar-relativistic effects are thus fully incorporated in the calculations. The potential curves of the cesium hydride molecule feature an avoided crossing between the ground state and the first excited state, which is shown to be very well described by the DMRG method. Compared to multireference configuration-interaction results, the potential curves hardly differ in shape, for both the ground state and the excited state, but the total energies from the DMRG calculations are in general consistently lower. However, the DMRG energies are as accurate as corresponding coupled cluster energies at the equilibrium distance, but convergence to the full configuration-interaction limit is not achieved.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Accumulation of cesium and radiocesium in forest litter in selected regions of Poland and its influence on litter-to-mushroom transfer factor.

The aim of this work was to check whether the stable cesium content in forest litter affects the value of radiocesium from litter-to-mushroom transfer factor Tf or not. Total cesium in litter, measured by AAS, varied from 0.1-2.7 micrograms/g. These data, combined with earlier results for mushrooms, showed no simple correlation for Tf. More complex relationships provided very high correlation coefficients, but their validity needs further investigation.

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1984

Cesium: a bibliography update.

A brief outline of both industrial and medicinal uses is given. This is followed by a survey of literature on cesium salts for the period between January 1981 to May 1984. The bibliography searched indicates an interesting pharmacological and behavioral effect for Cs-salts in addition to its well known physiological and itopic effects. A pattern of clinical trials suggests the potential of cesium salts in certain cancer therapies, affective disorders, tumor imaging, radiotherapy and certain cardiovascular usages. The need for continued probing into the biological activity of this alkalimetal is suggested.

Bibliographies as Topic↗
PubMed1962

Concentration of cesium-137 in human rib bone.

The concentration of fission product cesium-137 in human rib, sampled from various age groups, has been determined by low-level gamma-ray spectrometry. We propose several possible interpretations of the data and point out the possibility that mechanisms of cesium retention may be age-dependent.

Cesium↗