Perspective from the editor of JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association.
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Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
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BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were: to quantify the Spanish scientific production with international repercussion, to determine the degree of world diffusion and the participation of the different autonomic communities and the organisms implicated with reference to the area of sciences of alimentation and nutrition between 1987 to 1990. METHODS: Articles published during this period of time were selected by the Medline system, delimiting Spanish production. The articles selected were classified according to autonomic communities and institutions and in relation to the subsection of the area in question. The impact factor obtained from the Science Citation Index was used as an indicator of scientific diffusion. The autonomic communities of Catalonia and Madrid made up almost 50% of the scientific production between 1987 and 1989 with greater participation being observed from the other communities in 1990. The institutions of greatest scientific contribution were the medical and science schools. Thirty percent of the articles referred to experimental nutrition and toxicology of alimentation. CONCLUSIONS: a) Spanish participation in the diffusion of scientific studies on nutrition is similar to global participation in medical sciences, b) in 1990 an attenuation was detected in the differences existing in the degree of participation by the autonomic communities in the national scientific production; c) the schools of Medicine make up the institutions with greater relevance in scientific production while this activity is not reflected within the hospitals.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare two strategies for searching MEDLINE using the CD Plus/MEDLINE program on compact disc. DESIGN: Comparison study. INTERVENTIONS: Two search strategies were designed and executed for each of two topics (patient recruitment to clinical trials and attitudes of patients, the public and health care professionals toward clinical trials). Strategy A: searches based on key words selected from the medical subject heading (MeSH) tree structure. Strategy B: searches based on MeSH terms most frequently used to index a known set of relevant articles. Defined search restrictions were then applied. The effects of the restrictions on the absolute number of citations retrieved and on the proportion of relevant citations were assessed. OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of articles retrieved, number of relevant articles, precision and recall of each search strategy and overlap between strategies. MAIN RESULTS: Strategy A produced more citations than strategy B (recruitment 147 v. 38, attitude 366 v. 57) but had more inappropriate citations (recruitment 75 v. 17, attitude 265 v. 25). Both strategies produced 73 relevant recruitment citations and 101 relevant attitude citations. In the recruitment search although the precision did not differ significantly between strategies A and B the difference in recall was significant (98.6% v. 28.8% respectively, p less than 0.0001). In the attitude search strategy A had a lower precision than strategy B (27.6% v. 56.1%, p less than 0.0001) but a much higher recall (100% v. 31.7%, p less than 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Strategy A would be more valuable to researchers doing extensive reviews, whereas strategy B would be useful for the busy clinician who simply wants a few appropriate references quickly and is willing to sacrifice comprehensive retrieval in the interest of efficiency.
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Today's technology allows educators to design and create tools that enable teachers and students to work with material from different sources and to attend courses at various sites. The personal computer represents perhaps the greatest boon to this movement by providing a vehicle for "user friendly," interactive, multimedia courseware. A discussion of that courseware, its development and implementation, is provided here.
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The Conseil des Enseignants de Radiologie de France in collaboration with the Ilab-TSI company and Schering laboratories has developed a computer programme allowing the storage and consultation of radiological teaching files. This programme, developed on Macintosh from standard Hypercard and Quicktime applications, allows, in consultation mode, the multicriteria search and visualisation of selected radiological files. In the author mode, new files can be included after digitalizing the author's own images or after obtaining images from another image library. This programme, which allows juxtaposition of digitalised radiological files, is designed to be extremely open and can be easily combined with other computer-assisted teaching or computer-assisted presentation applications.
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