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114 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Abundance variation of Porichthys margaritatus (Pisces: Batrachoididae) throughout thermic and bathymetric gradients in the central Mexican pacific.

Three cruises, one in each of the main stream patterns in the area, were made on the central Mexican Pacific continental slope (May-June 1995, November 1995, and March 1996). Seven trawl sampling sites were defined per cruise, and in each site four bathymetric levels were sampled (20, 40, 60, and 80 m). During the warmest seasons, the highest abundance of Porichthys margaritatus was at 60 m. When the temperature of the bottom water was lower, in March 1996, the highest abundance of P. margaritatus moved towards 40 m. The depths with greatest abundance fluctuated between 18 and 21 degrees C, indicating a narrow temperature preference range. A Gaussian model was used to explain the relation between abundance and temperature.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2003

Seasonal plasticity of peripheral auditory frequency sensitivity.

Female midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) use the auditory sense to detect and locate vocalizing males during the breeding season. Detection of conspecific vocal signals is essential to their reproductive success and can evoke strong phonotactic responses in gravid females but not in spent females that have released all of their eggs. Here, we test the hypothesis that seasonal variation in reproductive state affects the neurophysiological response properties of the peripheral auditory system in female midshipman fish. Iso-intensity responses of eighth nerve afferents from the sacculus, the main auditory end organ of the inner ear, to individual tones were measured for spike rate and vector strength (VS) of synchronization. Most auditory saccular units in reproductive, summer females showed robust temporal encoding up to 340 Hz, whereas nonreproductive winter females showed comparable encoding only up to 100 Hz. The dramatic upward shift in temporal encoding among summer fish was paralleled by increases in best frequency (BF), maximum evoked spike rate at BF, VS values at BF, and the percentage of units that showed significant VS to iso-intensity tones >140 Hz. Reproductive summer females were best suited to encode the higher harmonic components of male advertisement calls. This first demonstration of a natural cyclicity in peripheral auditory frequency sensitivity among vertebrates may represent, in this case, an adaptive plasticity of the female midshipman's auditory system to enhance the acquisition of auditory information needed for mate identification and localization during the breeding season.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Measuring real-time sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pumping in skinned muscle fibers].

A method and a device for direct measurements of accumulation of calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and its release from SR as a function of free Ca2+ in bath have been developed. About 30% of the volume inside muscle fibers of swimbladder of Opsanus tau is occupied by SR. A set of solutions was prepared for fiber dissection and making holes in outer membrane without destruction of membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Calcium was unloaded from SR using EGTA as a pCa buffer. Then solutions with 50-100 microM CaFURA2 or CabisFURA2 were used as pCa-buffer and fluorescent Ca-indicators for measurement of Ca exchange between a fiber with a volume of approximately 10 nl and a solution in the cuvette with a volume of 5 microl. An increase in fluorescence signified an increase in unbound FURA in the bath since Ca2+ pumped into the SR was removed from the bath. The slope represented the rate of Ca2+ uptake by the SR in the muscle fiber, the maximum being about 1.6 M/s per liter of solution in bath or 2.6 mM/s per liter of SR volume. In solutions without oxalate and Ruthenium Red, more Ca2+ was taken up by the SR, and oscillations of the bath free FURA level were often observed, which can be explained by calcium-induced calcium release.

Air Sacs↗